Scott Strobel, PhD
Research & Publications
Biography
News
Research Summary
Our research explores 1) hydrocarbon production by novel fungi as alternative fuel source and 2) RNA biochemistry. The first area focuses on endophytic fungus isolated from Northern Patagonia that produces and excretes a broad spectrum of fuel related hydrocarbons. The second area employs biochemistry and structural biology to study the ribosome reaction mechanism, RNA catalysis, and RNA small molecule interactions that regulate riboswitches.
Specialized Terms: Antibiotics; Nucleic Acid Bioorganic Chemistry; Ribosome; Ribozyme; RNA Catalysis; RNA-Protein Interaction; Translation; Riboswitches, Biofuels; Endophytes; Natural Product Discovery
Extensive Research Description
Research in the Strobel laboratory focuses on RNA catalysis and biofuel production.
Direct Conversion of Cellulose to Biofuel by a novel fungus.
This is the newest project in the lab and a new research direction for our group closely related to the undergraduate Rainforest Expedition program supported by HHMI. This project involves an emerging biotechnology for the production of hydrocarbons from cellulose-based waste feedstock with a low-carbon footprint that is chemically equivalent to jet fuel. Gliocladium roseum (NRRL 50072) is an endophytic fungus recently isolated from Northern Patagonia that produces and excretes a broad spectrum of straight and branched medium chain-length hydrocarbons, including heptane, octane, undecane, dodecane and hexadecane, when grown in an sealed vessel. G. roseum can also generate and release these products when grown on cellulose, the world's most abundant natural organic compound. This organism has the potential to produce desirable biofuels via a fermentation process that is nearly carbon neutral. It is a basic science observation with clear implications for energy production and utilization.
The goals of this project are to characterize the biosynthetic basis of hydrocarbon production and release by G. roseum, to isolate the enzymes responsible for hydrocarbon synthesis and transport, and to use this information to optimize the yields of biofuel output. Overproduction will be achieved either by biological engineering of keys genes in the pathway, or transfer of the biosynthetic pathway to organisms used in standard fermentation processes. The hydrocarbon products and their derivatives will be subjected to chemical analysis and combustion studies. Realization of these goals will transform this basic science observation into real world applications that could transform the source and long-term availability of petroleum fuels.
We also have several ongoing projects in the area of RNA biochemistry.
Protein Synthesis.
Crystallographic studies reveal that the ribosomal peptidyl transferase center is composed exclusively of rRNA, i.e., that the ribosome is a ribozyme. We aim to determine how this biologically fundamental reaction is catalyzed. We are taking several approaches to understand this enzyme, including: (i) synthesis and characterization of transition state inhibitors; (ii) preparation of modified A-site and P-site tRNA substrates to test for substrate assisted catalysis of peptide bond formation by enzyme kinetic analysis; (iii) purification of mutant ribosomes to assess the role of rRNA functional groups; (iv) investigating the reaction transition state by kinetic isotope effect analysis and by determining the Brønsted coefficient for the ester aminolysis reaction.
Intron Splicing.
The discovery of the RNA self-splicing group I intron provided the first demonstration that not all enzymes are proteins. We recently reported the X-ray crystal structure of a catalytically active group I intron splicing intermediate. This is the first splicing complex of any kind to include a complete intron, both exons and an organized active site occupied with metal ions. The exon ligation is chemically equivalent for pre-mRNA splicing by the spliceosome. As a result, the chemical themes of splice site selection, exon alignment, and catalytic metal ion positioning, which are manifest in this splicing intermediate complex, are likely to find parallels in pre-mRNA splicing. We are now undertaking several additional structural and biochemical studies to characterize the entire RNA splicing pathway. The overriding goals of these studies are to: (i) understand the mechanism of RNA splicing, (ii) explain how RNA tertiary structure is formed and active sites created in the absence of proteins, (iii) reveal how metal ions contribute to RNA catalysis, and (iv) visualize the nature of the transition state of the phosphoryl transfer reaction promoted during exon ligation.
Coauthors
Research Interests
Biochemistry; Biophysics; Chemistry; Ribosomes; Biofuels; Endophytes; Chemicals and Drugs; Technology, Industry, Agriculture
Selected Publications
- Translation regulation by a guanidine-II riboswitch is highly tunable in sensitivity, dynamic range, and apparent cooperativityFocht C, Hiller D, Grunseich S, Strobel S. Translation regulation by a guanidine-II riboswitch is highly tunable in sensitivity, dynamic range, and apparent cooperativity. RNA 2023, 29: 1126-1139. PMID: 37130702, PMCID: PMC10351892, DOI: 10.1261/rna.079560.122.
- Biatriospora (Ascomycota: Pleosporales) is an ecologically diverse genus including facultative marine fungi and endophytes with biotechnological potentialKolařík M, Spakowicz D, Gazis R, Shaw J, Kubátová A, Nováková A, Chudíčková M, Forcina G, Kang K, Kelnarová I, Skaltsas D, Portero C, Strobel S, Narváez-Trujillo A. Biatriospora (Ascomycota: Pleosporales) is an ecologically diverse genus including facultative marine fungi and endophytes with biotechnological potential. Plant Systematics And Evolution 2016, 303: 35-50. DOI: 10.1007/s00606-016-1350-2.
- Stelliosphaerols A and B, sesquiterpene-polyol conjugates from an Ecuadorian fungal endophyteForcina G, Castro A, Bokesch H, Kucera K, McMahon J, Gustafson K, Strobel S. Stelliosphaerols A and B, sesquiterpene-polyol conjugates from an Ecuadorian fungal endophyte. Planta Medica 2015, 81 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1556389.
- Corrigendum to “Xyolide, a bioactive nonenolide from an Amazonian endophytic fungus, Xylaria feejeensis” [Tetrahedron Lett. 54 (2013) 4058–4060]Baraban E, Morin J, Phillips G, Phillips A, Strobel S, Handelsman J. Corrigendum to “Xyolide, a bioactive nonenolide from an Amazonian endophytic fungus, Xylaria feejeensis” [Tetrahedron Lett. 54 (2013) 4058–4060]. Tetrahedron Letters 2014, 55: 3126. DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.04.012.
- ChemInform Abstract: The Bacterial Second Messenger C‐di‐GMP: Probing Interactions with Protein and RNA Binding Partners Using Cyclic Dinucleotide Analogues.Shanahan C, Strobel S. ChemInform Abstract: The Bacterial Second Messenger C‐di‐GMP: Probing Interactions with Protein and RNA Binding Partners Using Cyclic Dinucleotide Analogues. ChemInform 2013, 44: no-no. DOI: 10.1002/chin.201317261.
- Changing the Culture of Science Education at Research UniversitiesAnderson W, Banerjee U, Drennan C, Elgin S, Epstein I, Handelsman J, Hatfull G, Losick R, O'Dowd D, Olivera B, Strobel S, Walker G, Warner I. Changing the Culture of Science Education at Research Universities. Science 2011, 331: 152-153. PMID: 21233371, DOI: 10.1126/science.1198280.
- Endophyte Strain NRRL 50072 producing volatile organics is a species of AscocoryneStrobel G, Tomsheck A, Geary B, Spakowicz D, Strobel S, Mattner S, Mann R. Endophyte Strain NRRL 50072 producing volatile organics is a species of Ascocoryne. Mycology: An International Journal On Fungal Biology 2010, 1: 187-194. DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2010.510122.
- ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of RNA Containing the Modified Nucleotides N2‐Methylguanosine and N6,N6‐Dimethyladenosine.Rife J, Cheng C, Moore P, Strobel S. ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of RNA Containing the Modified Nucleotides N2‐Methylguanosine and N6,N6‐Dimethyladenosine. ChemInform 2010, 30: no-no. DOI: 10.1002/chin.199916227.
- Structural basis of ligand binding by a c-di-GMP riboswitchSmith KD, Lipchock SV, Ames TD, Wang J, Breaker RR, Strobel SA. Structural basis of ligand binding by a c-di-GMP riboswitch. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 2009, 16: 1218-1223. PMID: 19898477, PMCID: PMC2850612, DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.1702.
- Aurosphaeria, a novel coelomycetous genusLee S, Strobel G, Eisenman K, Geary B, Vargas P, Strobel S. Aurosphaeria, a novel coelomycetous genus. Mycotaxon 2009, 107: 463-472. DOI: 10.5248/107.463.
- Structural and Chemical Basis for Glucosamine 6-Phosphate Binding and Activation of the glmS RibozymeCochrane JC, Lipchock SV, Smith KD, Strobel SA. Structural and Chemical Basis for Glucosamine 6-Phosphate Binding and Activation of the glmS Ribozyme. Biochemistry 2009, 48: 3239-3246. PMID: 19228039, PMCID: PMC2854835, DOI: 10.1021/bi802069p.
- 89: Fungal endophytes as a platform for discovery of novel therapeutic strategies to inhibit pathogenic processes relevant for preterm birthLee S, Strobel S, Eisenman K, Dulay A, Boulanger L, Zhao G, Strobel G, Incarvito C, Buhimschi C, Buhimschi I. 89: Fungal endophytes as a platform for discovery of novel therapeutic strategies to inhibit pathogenic processes relevant for preterm birth. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 2008, 199: s39. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.09.116.
- ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Strategies of Self‐Cleaving RibozymesCochrane J, Strobel S. ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Strategies of Self‐Cleaving Ribozymes. ChemInform 2008, 39: no-no. DOI: 10.1002/chin.200848274.
- An Uncharged Amine in the Transition State of the Ribosomal Peptidyl Transfer ReactionKingery DA, Pfund E, Voorhees RM, Okuda K, Wohlgemuth I, Kitchen DE, Rodnina MV, Strobel SA. An Uncharged Amine in the Transition State of the Ribosomal Peptidyl Transfer Reaction. Cell Chemical Biology 2008, 15: 493-500. PMID: 18482701, PMCID: PMC2851197, DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2008.04.005.
- A relaxed active site after exon ligation by the group I intronLipchock SV, Strobel SA. A relaxed active site after exon ligation by the group I intron. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2008, 105: 5699-5704. PMID: 18408159, PMCID: PMC2311373, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0712016105.
- Structural Investigation of the GlmS Ribozyme Bound to Its Catalytic CofactorCochrane JC, Lipchock SV, Strobel SA. Structural Investigation of the GlmS Ribozyme Bound to Its Catalytic Cofactor. Cell Chemical Biology 2006, 14: 97-105. PMID: 17196404, PMCID: PMC1847778, DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2006.12.005.
- Present at the Flood: A First Person Guided Tour through the Early Literature in Structural Biology Richard E.DickersonPresent at the Flood: How Structural Molecular Biology Came About2006Sinauer Associates, Inc.Sunderland, MA307 pp. $34.95Strobel S. Present at the Flood: A First Person Guided Tour through the Early Literature in Structural Biology Richard E.DickersonPresent at the Flood: How Structural Molecular Biology Came About2006Sinauer Associates, Inc.Sunderland, MA307 pp. $34.95. Structure 2006, 14: 809-810. DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2006.05.004.
- Regiospecificity of the Peptidyl tRNA Ester within the Ribosomal P SiteHuang KS, Weinger JS, Butler EB, Strobel SA. Regiospecificity of the Peptidyl tRNA Ester within the Ribosomal P Site. Journal Of The American Chemical Society 2006, 128: 3108-3109. PMID: 16522067, DOI: 10.1021/ja0554099.
- Biopolymers Exploring biological function through chemical manipulation of biopolymersStrobel S, Muir T. Biopolymers Exploring biological function through chemical manipulation of biopolymers. Current Opinion In Chemical Biology 2005, 9: 545-547. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2005.10.017.
- Synthesis of isotopically labeled puromycin derivatives for kinetic isotope effect analysis of ribosome catalyzed peptide bond formationOkuda K, Seila A, Strobel S. Synthesis of isotopically labeled puromycin derivatives for kinetic isotope effect analysis of ribosome catalyzed peptide bond formation. Tetrahedron 2004, 60: 12101-12112. DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.10.023.
- Crystal structure of an intact group I self-splicing intron in complex with both intronsAdams P, Stahley M, Kosek A, Wang J, Strobel S. Crystal structure of an intact group I self-splicing intron in complex with both introns. Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations And Advances 2004, 60: s144-s144. DOI: 10.1107/s0108767304097168.
- ERRATUMMUTH G, CHEN L, KOSEK A, STROBEL S. ERRATUM. RNA 2002, 8: 261-261. DOI: 10.1017/s1355838202019994.
- Self‐Splicing IntronsStrobel S. Self‐Splicing Introns. 2002 DOI: 10.1002/047120918x.emb1395.
- SITE SPECIFIC INCORPORATION OF 6-AZAURIDINE INTO THE GENOMIC HDV RIBOZYME ACTIVE SITEOyelere A, Strobel S. SITE SPECIFIC INCORPORATION OF 6-AZAURIDINE INTO THE GENOMIC HDV RIBOZYME ACTIVE SITE. Nucleosides Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids 2001, 20: 1851-1858. PMID: 11719998, DOI: 10.1081/ncn-100107196.
- An efficient ligation reaction promoted by a Varkud Satellite ribozyme with extended 5′- and 3′-terminiJones F, Ryder S, Strobel S. An efficient ligation reaction promoted by a Varkud Satellite ribozyme with extended 5′- and 3′-termini. Nucleic Acids Research 2001, 29: 5115-5120. PMID: 11812844, PMCID: PMC97611, DOI: 10.1093/nar/29.24.5115.
- pH-dependent conformational flexibility within the ribosomal peptidyl transferase center.Muth G, Chen L, Kosek A, Strobel S. pH-dependent conformational flexibility within the ribosomal peptidyl transferase center. RNA 2001, 7: 1403-15. PMID: 11680845, PMCID: PMC1370184.
- Investigation of adenosine base ionization in the hairpin ribozyme by nucleotide analog interference mapping.Ryder S, Oyelere A, Padilla J, Klostermeier D, Millar D, Strobel S. Investigation of adenosine base ionization in the hairpin ribozyme by nucleotide analog interference mapping. RNA 2001, 7: 1454-63. PMID: 11680850, PMCID: PMC1370189.
- Repopulating the RNA worldStrobel S. Repopulating the RNA world. Nature 2001, 411: 1003-1005. PMID: 11429582, DOI: 10.1038/35082661.
- The hairpin's turnStrobel S, Ryder S. The hairpin's turn. Nature 2001, 410: 761-762. PMID: 11298426, DOI: 10.1038/35071209.
- Biochemical Detection of Monovalent Metal Ion Binding Sites within RNABasu S, Strobel S. Biochemical Detection of Monovalent Metal Ion Binding Sites within RNA. Methods 2001, 23: 264-275. PMID: 11243839, DOI: 10.1006/meth.2000.1137.
- 11 Ribozyme EnzymologyStrauss-Soukup J, Strobel S. 11 Ribozyme Enzymology. 2001, 187-206. DOI: 10.1016/b978-008043408-7/50032-0.
- Exploring the mechanism of the peptidyl transfer reaction by chemical footprinting.Strobel S, Muth G, Chen L. Exploring the mechanism of the peptidyl transfer reaction by chemical footprinting. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia On Quantitative Biology 2001, 66: 109-17. PMID: 12762013, DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2001.66.109.
- Biochemical Detection of Cytidine Protonation within RNAOyelere A, Strobel S. Biochemical Detection of Cytidine Protonation within RNA. Journal Of The American Chemical Society 2000, 122: 10259-10267. DOI: 10.1021/ja001918t.
- A chemical phylogeny of group I introns based upon interference mapping of a bacterial ribozyme11Edited by D. DraperStrauss-Soukup J, Strobel S. A chemical phylogeny of group I introns based upon interference mapping of a bacterial ribozyme11Edited by D. Draper. Journal Of Molecular Biology 2000, 302: 339-358. PMID: 10970738, DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.2000.4056.
- A Single Adenosine with a Neutral pKa in the Ribosomal Peptidyl Transferase CenterMuth G, Ortoleva-Donnelly L, Strobel S. A Single Adenosine with a Neutral pKa in the Ribosomal Peptidyl Transferase Center. Science 2000, 289: 947-950. PMID: 10937997, DOI: 10.1126/science.289.5481.947.
- Direct Detection of Monovalent Metal Ion Binding to a DNA G-quartet by 205Tl NMRBasu S, Szewczak A, Cocco M, Strobel S. Direct Detection of Monovalent Metal Ion Binding to a DNA G-quartet by 205Tl NMR. Journal Of The American Chemical Society 2000, 122: 3240-3241. DOI: 10.1021/ja993614g.
- [6] Chemical probing of RNA by nucleotide analog interference mappingRyder S, Ortoleva-Donnelly L, Kosek A, Strobel S. [6] Chemical probing of RNA by nucleotide analog interference mapping. 2000, 317: 92-109. PMID: 10829274, DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(00)17008-9.
- An important base triple anchors the substrate helix recognition surface within the Tetrahymena ribozyme active siteSzewczak A, Ortoleva-Donnelly L, Zivarts M, Oyelere A, Kazantsev A, Strobel S. An important base triple anchors the substrate helix recognition surface within the Tetrahymena ribozyme active site. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1999, 96: 11183-11188. PMID: 10500151, PMCID: PMC18008, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.20.11183.
- Nucleotide Analog Interference Mapping of the Hairpin Ribozyme: Implications for Secondary and Tertiary Structure FormationRyder S, Strobel S. Nucleotide Analog Interference Mapping of the Hairpin Ribozyme: Implications for Secondary and Tertiary Structure Formation. Journal Of Molecular Biology 1999, 291: 295-311. PMID: 10438622, DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.2959.
- A chemogenetic approach to RNA function/structure analysisStrobel S. A chemogenetic approach to RNA function/structure analysis. Current Opinion In Structural Biology 1999, 9: 346-352. PMID: 10361087, DOI: 10.1016/s0959-440x(99)80046-3.
- Nucleotide Analog Interference MappingRyder S, Strobel S. Nucleotide Analog Interference Mapping. Methods 1999, 18: 38-50. PMID: 10208815, DOI: 10.1006/meth.1999.0755.
- A hydrogen-bonding triad stabilizes the chemical transition state of a group I ribozymeStrobel S, Ortoleva-Donnelly L. A hydrogen-bonding triad stabilizes the chemical transition state of a group I ribozyme. Cell Chemical Biology 1999, 6: 153-165. PMID: 10074469, DOI: 10.1016/s1074-5521(99)89007-3.
- 6.10 Ribozyme EnzymologyStrauss-Soukup J, Strobel S. 6.10 Ribozyme Enzymology. 1999, 149-168. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-091283-7.00164-8.
- A minor groove RNA triple helix within the catalytic core of a group I intronSzewczak A, Ortoleva-Donnelly L, Ryder S, Moncoeur E, Strobel S. A minor groove RNA triple helix within the catalytic core of a group I intron. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 1998, 5: 1037-1042. PMID: 9846872, DOI: 10.1038/4146.
- The Synthesis of RNA Containing the Modified Nucleotides N 2-Methylguanosine and N 6, N 6-DimethyladenosineRife J, Cheng C, Moore P, Strobel S. The Synthesis of RNA Containing the Modified Nucleotides N 2-Methylguanosine and N 6, N 6-Dimethyladenosine. Nucleosides Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids 1998, 17: 2281-2288. DOI: 10.1080/07328319808004317.
- A specific monovalent metal ion integral to the AA platform of the RNA tetraloop receptorBasu S, P. Rambo R, Strauss-Soukup J, H.Cate J, R. Ferré-D´Amaré A, Strobel S, Doudna J. A specific monovalent metal ion integral to the AA platform of the RNA tetraloop receptor. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 1998, 5: 986-992. PMID: 9808044, DOI: 10.1038/2960.
- Identifying RNA Minor Groove Tertiary Contacts by Nucleotide Analogue Interference Mapping with N 2-Methylguanosine †Ortoleva-Donnelly L, Kronman M, Strobel S. Identifying RNA Minor Groove Tertiary Contacts by Nucleotide Analogue Interference Mapping with N 2-Methylguanosine †. Biochemistry 1998, 37: 12933-12942. PMID: 9737873, DOI: 10.1021/bi980723j.
- N2-Methylguanosine is iso-energetic with guanosine in RNA duplexes and GNRA tetraloopsRife J, Cheng C, Moore P, Strobel S. N2-Methylguanosine is iso-energetic with guanosine in RNA duplexes and GNRA tetraloops. Nucleic Acids Research 1998, 26: 3640-3644. PMID: 9685477, PMCID: PMC147776, DOI: 10.1093/nar/26.16.3640.
- The chemical basis of adenosine conservation throughout the Tetrahymena ribozyme.Ortoleva-Donnelly L, Szewczak A, Gutell R, Strobel S. The chemical basis of adenosine conservation throughout the Tetrahymena ribozyme. RNA 1998, 4: 498-519. PMID: 9582093, PMCID: PMC1369635, DOI: 10.1017/s1355838298980086.
- Complementary sets of noncanonical base pairs mediate RNA helix packing in the group I intron active siteStrobel S, Ortoleva-Donnelly L, Ryder S, Cate J, Moncoeur E. Complementary sets of noncanonical base pairs mediate RNA helix packing in the group I intron active site. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 1998, 5: 60-66. PMID: 9437431, DOI: 10.1038/nsb0198-60.
- Ribozyme chemogeneticsStrobel S. Ribozyme chemogenetics. Biopolymers 1998, 48: 65-81. PMID: 9846125, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(1998)48:1<65::aid-bip7>3.0.co;2-d.
- RNA seeing double: Close-packing of helices in RNA tertiary structureStrobel S, Doudna J. RNA seeing double: Close-packing of helices in RNA tertiary structure. Trends In Biochemical Sciences 1997, 22: 262-266. PMID: 9255068, DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0004(97)01056-6.
- Defining the chemical groups essential for Tetrahymena group I intron function by nucleotide analog interference mappingStrobel S, Shetty K. Defining the chemical groups essential for Tetrahymena group I intron function by nucleotide analog interference mapping. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 1997, 94: 2903-2908. PMID: 9096319, PMCID: PMC20295, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.7.2903.
- Three recognition events at the branch‐site adenine.Query C, Strobel S, Sharp P. Three recognition events at the branch‐site adenine. The EMBO Journal 1996, 15: 1392-1402. PMID: 8635472, PMCID: PMC450044, DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00481.x.
- Exocyclic Amine of the Conserved G·U Pair at the Cleavage Site of the Tetrahymena Ribozyme Contributes to 5‘-Splice Site Selection and Transition State Stabilization †Strobel S, Cech T. Exocyclic Amine of the Conserved G·U Pair at the Cleavage Site of the Tetrahymena Ribozyme Contributes to 5‘-Splice Site Selection and Transition State Stabilization †. Biochemistry 1996, 35: 1201-1211. PMID: 8573575, DOI: 10.1021/bi952244f.
- Minor Groove Recognition of the Conserved G⋅U Pair at the Tetrahymena ribozyme Reaction SiteStrobel S, Cech T. Minor Groove Recognition of the Conserved G⋅U Pair at the Tetrahymena ribozyme Reaction Site. Science 1995, 267: 675-679. PMID: 7839142, DOI: 10.1126/science.7839142.
- The branch site adenosine is recognized differently for the two steps of pre-mRNA splicing.Query C, Strobel S, Sharp P. The branch site adenosine is recognized differently for the two steps of pre-mRNA splicing. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 1995, 224-5. PMID: 8643377.
- The 2,6-diaminopurine riboside.5-methylisocytidine wobble base pair: an isoenergetic substitution for the study of G.U pairs in RNA.Strobel S, Cech T, Usman N, Beigelman L. The 2,6-diaminopurine riboside.5-methylisocytidine wobble base pair: an isoenergetic substitution for the study of G.U pairs in RNA. Biochemistry 1994, 33: 13824-35. PMID: 7524665, DOI: 10.1021/bi00250a037.
- Translocation of an RNA duplex on a ribozymeStrobel S, Cech T. Translocation of an RNA duplex on a ribozyme. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 1994, 1: 13-17. PMID: 7544680, DOI: 10.1038/nsb0194-13.
- Tertiary interactions with the internal guide sequence mediate docking of the P1 helix into the catalytic core of the Tetrahymena ribozyme.Strobel S, Cech T. Tertiary interactions with the internal guide sequence mediate docking of the P1 helix into the catalytic core of the Tetrahymena ribozyme. Biochemistry 1993, 32: 13593-604. PMID: 7504953, DOI: 10.1021/bi00212a027.
- A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomesMacDonald M, Ambrose C, Duyao M, Myers R, Lin C, Srinidhi L, Barnes G, Taylor S, James M, Groot N, MacFarlane H, Jenkins B, Anderson M, Wexler N, Gusella J, Bates G, Baxendale S, Hummerich H, Kirby S, North M, Youngman S, Mott R, Zehetner G, Sedlacek Z, Poustka A, Frischauf A, Lehrach H, Buckler A, Church D, Doucette-Stamm L, O'Donovan M, Riba-Ramirez L, Shah M, Stanton V, Strobel S, Draths K, Wales J, Dervan P, Housman D, Altherr M, Shiang R, Thompson L, Fielder T, Wasmuth J, Tagle D, Valdes J, Elmer L, Allard M, Castilla L, Swaroop M, Blanchard K, Collins F, Snell R, Holloway T, Gillespie K, Datson N, Shaw D, Harper P. A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes. Cell 1993, 72: 971-983. PMID: 8458085, DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90585-e.
- Sequence-specific double-strand alkylation and cleavage of DNA mediated by triple-helix formationPovsic T, Strobel S, Dervan P. Sequence-specific double-strand alkylation and cleavage of DNA mediated by triple-helix formation. Journal Of The American Chemical Society 1992, 114: 5934-5941. DOI: 10.1021/ja00041a005.
- Site-Specific Cleavage of Human Chromosome 4 Mediated by Triple-Helix FormationStrobel S, Doucette-Stamm L, Riba L, Housman D, Dervan P. Site-Specific Cleavage of Human Chromosome 4 Mediated by Triple-Helix Formation. Science 1991, 254: 1639-1642. PMID: 1836279, DOI: 10.1126/science.1836279.
- Single-site enzymatic cleavage of yeast genomic DNA mediated by triple helix formationStrobel S, Dervan P. Single-site enzymatic cleavage of yeast genomic DNA mediated by triple helix formation. Nature 1991, 350: 172-174. PMID: 1848684, DOI: 10.1038/350172a0.
- The structure and biological activity of cercosporamide from Cercosporidium henningsiiSugawara F, Strobel S, Strobel G, Larsen R, Berglund D, Gray G, Takahashi N, Coval S, Stout T, Clardy J. The structure and biological activity of cercosporamide from Cercosporidium henningsii. The Journal Of Organic Chemistry 1991, 56: 909-910. DOI: 10.1021/jo00003a002.
- New anti-inflammatory pseudopterosins from the marine octocoral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethaeRoussis V, Wu Z, Fenical W, Strobel S, Van Duyne G, Clardy J. New anti-inflammatory pseudopterosins from the marine octocoral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae. The Journal Of Organic Chemistry 1990, 55: 4916-4922. DOI: 10.1021/jo00303a030.
- Site-Specific Cleavage of a Yeast Chromosome by Oligonucleotide-Directed Triple-Helix FormationStrobel S, Dervan P. Site-Specific Cleavage of a Yeast Chromosome by Oligonucleotide-Directed Triple-Helix Formation. Science 1990, 249: 73-75. PMID: 2195655, DOI: 10.1126/science.2195655.
- Palmosalides A-C, new sesquiterpenoids from the indian ocean telestacean octocoral Coelogorgia palmosaWiemer D, Wolfe L, Fenical W, Strobel S, Clardy J. Palmosalides A-C, new sesquiterpenoids from the indian ocean telestacean octocoral Coelogorgia palmosa. Tetrahedron Letters 1990, 31: 1973-1976. DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)88892-9.
- Triticone A: A novel bioactive lactam with potential as a molecular probeKenfield D, Strobel S, Sugawara F, Berglund D, Strobel G. Triticone A: A novel bioactive lactam with potential as a molecular probe. Biochemical And Biophysical Research Communications 1988, 157: 174-182. PMID: 3196330, DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(88)80029-9.
- Double strand cleavage of genomic DNA at a single site by triple helix formationStrobel S, Moser H, Dervan P. Double strand cleavage of genomic DNA at a single site by triple helix formation. Journal Of The American Chemical Society 1988, 110: 7927-7929. DOI: 10.1021/ja00231a082.
- ChemInform Abstract: Triticones A and B, Novel Phytotoxins from the Plant Pathogenic Fungus Drechslera tritici‐repentisSUGAWARA F, TAKAHASHI N, STROBEL G, STROBEL S, LU H, CLARDY J. ChemInform Abstract: Triticones A and B, Novel Phytotoxins from the Plant Pathogenic Fungus Drechslera tritici‐repentis. ChemInform 1988, 19: no-no. DOI: 10.1002/chin.198839319.
- Triticones A and B, novel phytotoxins from the plant pathogenic fungus Drechslera tritici-repentisSugawara F, Takahashi N, Strobel G, Strobel S, Lu H, Clardy J. Triticones A and B, novel phytotoxins from the plant pathogenic fungus Drechslera tritici-repentis. Journal Of The American Chemical Society 1988, 110: 4086-4087. DOI: 10.1021/ja00220a085.
- PC69 UNUSUAL SPIROCYCLIC γ-LACTAMS, TRITICONES A AND B, NOVEL PHYTOTOXINS FROM THE PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI DRECHSLERA TRITICIREPENTIS AND D. CATENARIUMSugawara F, Samsoedin R, Takahashi N, Strobel G, Strobel S, Liu H, Clardy J. PC69 UNUSUAL SPIROCYCLIC γ-LACTAMS, TRITICONES A AND B, NOVEL PHYTOTOXINS FROM THE PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI DRECHSLERA TRITICIREPENTIS AND D. CATENARIUM. 1988, 525. DOI: 10.24496/intnaturalprod.1988.0_525.
- Flow cytometry as a method for assaying the biological activity of phytotoxinsBerglund D, Strobel S, Sugawara F, Strobel G. Flow cytometry as a method for assaying the biological activity of phytotoxins. Plant Science 1988, 56: 183-188. DOI: 10.1016/0168-9452(88)90033-7.
- Bissetone, a unique antimicrobial pyranone from the gorgonian Briareu polyanthesCardellina J, Hendrickson R, Manfredi K, Strobel S, Clardy J. Bissetone, a unique antimicrobial pyranone from the gorgonian Briareu polyanthes. Tetrahedron Letters 1987, 28: 727-730. DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)80973-4.