Robert Cowles, MD

• Cicero Torres Silva
• Daniel Solomon
• Julie Leviter
• Kaelyn Sumigray
• Matthew Shaughnessy
• Michael Caty
• Rabia Malik
• Raffaella Morotti
• Rima Fawaz

Biliary Tract; Digestive System Diseases; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Liver; Neuroglia; Neurons; Pancreas; Gastrointestinal Tract

• Antibiotic-induced microbial depletion enhances murine small intestinal epithelial growth in a serotonin-dependent mannerSalvi P, Shaughnessy M, Sumigray K, Cowles R. Antibiotic-induced microbial depletion enhances murine small intestinal epithelial growth in a serotonin-dependent manner. AJP Gastrointestinal And Liver Physiology 2023, 325: g80-g91. PMID: 37158470, DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00113.2022.
• Serotonin Activity Is Correlated with Intestinal Stem Cell Proliferation in Small Intestinal CryptsShah P, Sumigray K, Cowles R. Serotonin Activity Is Correlated with Intestinal Stem Cell Proliferation in Small Intestinal Crypts. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2022, 235: s189-s190. DOI: 10.1097/01.xcs.0000894456.99853.6f.
• Short Bowel Syndrome and Intestinal Lengthening ProceduresSalvi P, Cowles R. Short Bowel Syndrome and Intestinal Lengthening Procedures. 2022, 345-356. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96542-6_31.
• Preoperative Transfusion and Surgical Outcomes for Children with Sickle Cell Disease.Salvi PS, Solomon DG, Cowles RA. Preoperative Transfusion and Surgical Outcomes for Children with Sickle Cell Disease. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2022, 235: 530-538. PMID: 35972175, DOI: 10.1097/XCS.0000000000000267.
• Variability in pediatric appendectomy: The association between disposable supply cost and procedure duration.Salvi PS, Cowles RA, Oh PS, Solomon DG. Variability in pediatric appendectomy: The association between disposable supply cost and procedure duration. Surgery 2022, 172: 729-733. PMID: 35581029, DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2022.04.006.
• Association of Gangrenous, Suppurative, and Exudative Findings With Outcomes and Resource Utilization in Children With Nonperforated AppendicitisCramm SL, Lipskar AM, Graham DA, Kunisaki SM, Griggs CL, Allukian M, Russell RT, Chandler NM, Santore MT, Aronowitz DI, Blakely ML, Campbell B, Collins DT, Commander SJ, Cowles RA, DeFazio JR, Echols JC, Esparaz JR, Feng C, Guyer RA, Hanna DN, He K, Kahan AM, Keane OA, Lamoshi A, Lopez CM, McLean SE, Pace E, Regan MD, Scholz S, Tracy ET, Williams SA, Zhang L, Rangel SJ, Chang A, Fitzgerald M, Middlesworth W, Finck C, Hackam D, Engwall-Gill A, Gerall C, Orlas C, Hwang R, Dantes G. Association of Gangrenous, Suppurative, and Exudative Findings With Outcomes and Resource Utilization in Children With Nonperforated Appendicitis. JAMA Surgery 2022, 157: 685-692. PMID: 35648410, PMCID: PMC9161124, DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2022.1928.
• Comparing Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 in Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease and Biliary AtresiaSalvi PS, Fawaz R, Cowles RA. Comparing Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 in Parenteral Nutrition-Associated Liver Disease and Biliary Atresia. The Journal Of Pediatrics 2022, 249: 97-100. PMID: 35714967, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.06.014.
• Jejunoileal mucosal growth in mice with a limited microbiomeShaughnessy MP, Park CJ, Salvi PS, Cowles RA. Jejunoileal mucosal growth in mice with a limited microbiome. PLOS ONE 2022, 17: e0266251. PMID: 35349599, PMCID: PMC8963542, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266251.
• Index Admission Cholecystectomy and Recurrence of Pediatric Gallstone Pancreatitis: Multicenter Cohort Analysis.Muñoz Abraham AS, Osei H, Bajinting A, Cowles RA, Greenspon J, Hosfield BD, Keller MS, Landman MP, Owens H, Shaughnessy MP, St Peter SD, Sujka J, Vogel AM, Villalona GA. Index Admission Cholecystectomy and Recurrence of Pediatric Gallstone Pancreatitis: Multicenter Cohort Analysis. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2022, 234: 352-358. PMID: 35213498, DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000062.
• Cholecystectomy Is Superior to Medical Management for Biliary Pain in Pediatric Patients.Shah PA, Saluja S, Cowles RA. Cholecystectomy Is Superior to Medical Management for Biliary Pain in Pediatric Patients. Journal Of Gastrointestinal Surgery : Official Journal Of The Society For Surgery Of The Alimentary Tract 2021, 25: 2435-2436. PMID: 34255291, DOI: 10.1007/s11605-021-05083-1.
• Butyrate and the Intestinal Epithelium: Modulation of Proliferation and Inflammation in Homeostasis and DiseaseSalvi PS, Cowles RA. Butyrate and the Intestinal Epithelium: Modulation of Proliferation and Inflammation in Homeostasis and Disease. Cells 2021, 10: 1775. PMID: 34359944, PMCID: PMC8304699, DOI: 10.3390/cells10071775.
• Point-of-Care Ultrasound to Evaluate the Acute AbdomenMalik R, Leviter J, Gross I, Saluja S, Cowles RA, Riera A. Point-of-Care Ultrasound to Evaluate the Acute Abdomen. Pediatric Emergency Care 2021, 38: e1022-e1024. PMID: 34116554, DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000002460.
• Duodenal Duplication Cyst.Shah PA, Saluja S, Cowles RA. Duodenal Duplication Cyst. Journal Of Gastrointestinal Surgery : Official Journal Of The Society For Surgery Of The Alimentary Tract 2021, 25: 1635-1637. PMID: 33443687, DOI: 10.1007/s11605-020-04890-2.
• Serotonin as a Mitogen in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Revisiting a Familiar Molecule in a New RoleShah PA, Park CJ, Shaughnessy MP, Cowles RA. Serotonin as a Mitogen in the Gastrointestinal Tract: Revisiting a Familiar Molecule in a New Role. Cellular And Molecular Gastroenterology And Hepatology 2021, 12: 1093-1104. PMID: 34022423, PMCID: PMC8350061, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.05.008.
• Trends in fundoplication volume for pediatric gastroesophageal reflux diseaseMaassel NL, Shaughnessy MP, Solomon DG, Cowles RA. Trends in fundoplication volume for pediatric gastroesophageal reflux disease. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery 2021, 56: 1495-1499. PMID: 33745746, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.02.045.
• Laparoscopy is increasingly used for pediatric inguinal hernia repairShaughnessy MP, Maassel NL, Yung N, Solomon DG, Cowles RA. Laparoscopy is increasingly used for pediatric inguinal hernia repair. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery 2021, 56: 2016-2021. PMID: 33549307, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.01.032.
• Reducing Underdiagnosis of Hirschsprung-Associated Enterocolitis: A Novel Scoring SystemLewit RA, Veras LV, Cowles RA, Fowler K, King S, Lapidus-Krol E, Langer JC, Park CJ, Youssef F, Vavilov S, Gosain A. Reducing Underdiagnosis of Hirschsprung-Associated Enterocolitis: A Novel Scoring System. Journal Of Surgical Research 2021, 261: 253-260. PMID: 33460971, PMCID: PMC8166452, DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.12.030.
• Outcomes following adoption of a standardized protocol for abscess drain management in pediatric appendicitisEysenbach LM, Caty MG, Christison-Lagay ER, Cowles RA, Dillon B, Goodman TR, Ozgediz DE, Stitelman DH, Solomon DG. Outcomes following adoption of a standardized protocol for abscess drain management in pediatric appendicitis. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery 2020, 56: 43-46. PMID: 33143877, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.09.050.
• Simplified Enteral Antibiotic Regimens Can Promote Intestinal Mucosal Growth in MiceShaughnessy M, Cowles R. Simplified Enteral Antibiotic Regimens Can Promote Intestinal Mucosal Growth in Mice. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2020, 231: s212. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.07.774.
• Existing Scoring Systems for Hirschsprung-Associated Enterocolitis Result in Underdiagnosis and OvertreatmentLewit R, Veras L, Cowles R, King S, Lapidus-Krol E, Langer J, Park C, Youssef F, Vavilov S, Gosain A. Existing Scoring Systems for Hirschsprung-Associated Enterocolitis Result in Underdiagnosis and Overtreatment. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2020, 231: s196. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.07.559.
• Increasing Use of Laparoscopy for Inguinal Hernia Repair in Infants and ChildrenShaughnessy M, Maassel N, Yung N, Solomon D, Cowles R. Increasing Use of Laparoscopy for Inguinal Hernia Repair in Infants and Children. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2020, 231: e178-e179. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2020.08.480.
• Mucosal characteristics vary across developmental stages in the small intestine of C57BL/6J micePark CJ, Shaughnessy MP, Cowles RA. Mucosal characteristics vary across developmental stages in the small intestine of C57BL/6J mice. Life Sciences 2020, 260: 118428. PMID: 32931798, DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118428.
• National Survey of Pediatric Intestinal Rehabilitation Programs in the United StatesPark CJ, Shaughnessy MP, Zhang L, Armenia SJ, Caty MG, Cowles RA. National Survey of Pediatric Intestinal Rehabilitation Programs in the United States. Journal Of Parenteral And Enteral Nutrition 2020, 45: 1249-1258. PMID: 32797633, DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1997.
• The M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in the crypt stem cell compartment mediates intestinal mucosal growthGreig CJ, Armenia SJ, Cowles RA. The M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in the crypt stem cell compartment mediates intestinal mucosal growth. Experimental Biology And Medicine 2020, 245: 1194-1199. PMID: 32611198, PMCID: PMC7437377, DOI: 10.1177/1535370220938375.
• Potentiated serotonin signaling in serotonin re‐uptake transporter knockout mice increases enterocyte mass and small intestinal absorptive functionGreig CJ, Zhang L, Cowles RA. Potentiated serotonin signaling in serotonin re‐uptake transporter knockout mice increases enterocyte mass and small intestinal absorptive function. Physiological Reports 2019, 7: e14278. PMID: 31724827, PMCID: PMC6854605, DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14278.
• Enteral Antibiotics Stimulate Small Intestinal Mucosal Growth in MiceShaughnessy M, Park C, Cowles R. Enteral Antibiotics Stimulate Small Intestinal Mucosal Growth in Mice. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2019, 229: s202. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.08.444.
• Porcine Small Intestine Contains Essential Components of the Serotonin Signaling SystemShaughnessy M, Park C, Ruzgar N, Cowles R. Porcine Small Intestine Contains Essential Components of the Serotonin Signaling System. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2019, 229: e171. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.08.1196.
• Enteral Antibiotics Act Synergistically with Serotonin to Stimulate Ileal Mucosal Growth in Serotonin Reuptake Transporter Knockout (SERTKO) MicePark C, Shaughnessy M, Cowles R. Enteral Antibiotics Act Synergistically with Serotonin to Stimulate Ileal Mucosal Growth in Serotonin Reuptake Transporter Knockout (SERTKO) Mice. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2019, 229: e166. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2019.08.1182.
• Guidelines for the management of postoperative soiling in children with Hirschsprung diseaseSaadai P, Trappey AF, Goldstein AM, Cowles RA, De La Torre L, Durham MM, Huang EY, Levitt MA, Rialon K, Rollins M, Rothstein DH, Langer JC. Guidelines for the management of postoperative soiling in children with Hirschsprung disease. Pediatric Surgery International 2019, 35: 829-834. PMID: 31201486, DOI: 10.1007/s00383-019-04497-y.
• Serum Citrulline Levels Exhibit Circadian Variation and Fluctuations in Relation to Food Intake in MicePark CJ, Shaughnessy MP, Armenia SJ, Cowles RA. Serum Citrulline Levels Exhibit Circadian Variation and Fluctuations in Relation to Food Intake in Mice. Gastroenterology Research 2019, 12: 88-92. PMID: 31019618, PMCID: PMC6469904, DOI: 10.14740/gr1146.
• Potentiation of serotonin signaling leads to increased carbohydrate and lipid absorption in the murine small intestinePark CJ, Armenia SJ, Shaughnessy MP, Greig CJ, Cowles RA. Potentiation of serotonin signaling leads to increased carbohydrate and lipid absorption in the murine small intestine. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery 2019, 54: 1245-1249. PMID: 30879746, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.02.027.
• Orally Dosed Citalopram Stimulates Small Intestinal Mucosal GrowthZhang L, Greig CJ, Cowles RA. Orally Dosed Citalopram Stimulates Small Intestinal Mucosal Growth. Journal Of Surgical Research 2019, 236: 326-331. PMID: 30694773, DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.11.033.
• Retracing our STEPs: Four decades of progress in intestinal lengthening procedures for short bowel syndromeGreig CJ, Oh PS, Gross ER, Cowles RA. Retracing our STEPs: Four decades of progress in intestinal lengthening procedures for short bowel syndrome. The American Journal Of Surgery 2018, 217: 772-782. PMID: 30514435, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2018.11.025.
• Potentiation of serotonin signaling protects against intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury in miceTackett JJ, Gandotra N, Bamdad MC, Muise ED, Cowles RA. Potentiation of serotonin signaling protects against intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury in mice. Neurogastroenterology & Motility 2018, 31: e13498. PMID: 30394002, DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13498.
• Potentiation of Serotonin Signaling Leads to Mucosal Proliferation and Increased Fat Absorption in the Murine Small IntestinePark C, Armenia S, Cowles R. Potentiation of Serotonin Signaling Leads to Mucosal Proliferation and Increased Fat Absorption in the Murine Small Intestine. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2018, 227: s200. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2018.07.439.
• The 5-HT4 Receptor Agonist Prucalopride Stimulates Mucosal Growth and Enhances Carbohydrate Absorption in the Ileum of the MousePark CJ, Armenia SJ, Zhang L, Cowles RA. The 5-HT4 Receptor Agonist Prucalopride Stimulates Mucosal Growth and Enhances Carbohydrate Absorption in the Ileum of the Mouse. Journal Of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2018, 23: 1198-1205. PMID: 30109470, DOI: 10.1007/s11605-018-3907-6.
• Surgical modifications of the Kasai hepatoportoenterostomy minimize invasiveness without compromising short- and medium-term outcomesPark CJ, Armenia SJ, Keung CH, Compton JT, Cowles RA. Surgical modifications of the Kasai hepatoportoenterostomy minimize invasiveness without compromising short- and medium-term outcomes. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery 2018, 54: 537-542. PMID: 30041859, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.06.028.
• Mucosal homeostasis is altered in the ileum of gnotobiotic miceGreig CJ, Alper A, Goodman AL, Cowles RA. Mucosal homeostasis is altered in the ileum of gnotobiotic mice. Journal Of Surgical Research 2018, 231: 331-337. PMID: 30278949, DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.05.055.
• 682 - The 5HT-4 Receptor Agonist Prucalopride Stimulates Ileal Mucosal Growth in the MousePark C, Armenia S, Zhang L, Cowles R. 682 - The 5HT-4 Receptor Agonist Prucalopride Stimulates Ileal Mucosal Growth in the Mouse. Gastroenterology 2018, 154: s-1282. DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5085(18)34210-0.
• Serotonin Reuptake Transporter Knockout Mice Exhibit Increased Enterocyte Mass and Intestinal Glucose AbsorptionGreig C, Zhang L, Cowles R. Serotonin Reuptake Transporter Knockout Mice Exhibit Increased Enterocyte Mass and Intestinal Glucose Absorption. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2017, 225: s157. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2017.07.353.
• Gastric Transposition in Infants and ChildrenCowles R, Coran A. Gastric Transposition in Infants and Children. 2017, 313-320. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-11202-7_28.
• Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors participate in small intestinal mucosal homeostasisGreig CJ, Cowles RA. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors participate in small intestinal mucosal homeostasis. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery 2017, 52: 1031-1034. PMID: 28359586, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.03.037.
• Improved capacity to evaluate changes in intestinal mucosal surface area using mathematical modelingGreig CJ, Cowles RA. Improved capacity to evaluate changes in intestinal mucosal surface area using mathematical modeling. Microscopy Research And Technique 2017, 80: 793-798. PMID: 28295852, DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22866.
• Distribution of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in the murine small intestineMuise ED, Gandotra N, Tackett JJ, Bamdad MC, Cowles RA. Distribution of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in the murine small intestine. Life Sciences 2016, 169: 6-10. PMID: 27866962, DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.10.030.
• CholecystitisTackett J, Cowles R. Cholecystitis. 2016, 641-645. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27443-0_80.
• Enhanced serotonin signaling stimulates ordered intestinal mucosal growthTackett JJ, Gandotra N, Bamdad MC, Muise ED, Cowles RA. Enhanced serotonin signaling stimulates ordered intestinal mucosal growth. Journal Of Surgical Research 2016, 208: 198-203. PMID: 27993209, DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.09.036.
• CONGENITAL CYSTIC LUNG LESIONS: EVOLUTION FROM IN-UTERO TO PATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS - A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACHHardee S, Tuzovic L, Silva C, Cowles R, Copel J, Morotti R. CONGENITAL CYSTIC LUNG LESIONS: EVOLUTION FROM IN-UTERO TO PATHOLOGY DIAGNOSIS - A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH. Pediatric And Developmental Pathology 2016 DOI: 10.2350/16-05-1815-oa.1.
• Enhanced serotonin signaling increases intestinal neuroplasticityGreig CJ, Gandotra N, Tackett JJ, Bamdad MC, Cowles RA. Enhanced serotonin signaling increases intestinal neuroplasticity. Journal Of Surgical Research 2016, 206: 151-158. PMID: 27916355, DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.07.021.
• Potentiation of Serotonin Signaling Enhances Intestinal Mucosal Parameters and Protects Against Intestinal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in MiceTackett J, Gandotra N, Bamdad M, Muise E, Cowles R. Potentiation of Serotonin Signaling Enhances Intestinal Mucosal Parameters and Protects Against Intestinal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Mice. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2015, 221: s106. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2015.07.246.
• Potentiation of serotonergic signaling increases enterocyte mass and intestinal absorptive capacityFingeret A, Gertsberg Z, Gershon M, Cowles R. Potentiation of serotonergic signaling increases enterocyte mass and intestinal absorptive capacity. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2012, 215: s73. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2012.06.201.
• Neuronal Serotonin Regulates Growth of the Intestinal Mucosa in MiceGross ER, Gershon MD, Margolis KG, Gertsberg ZV, Li Z, Cowles RA. Neuronal Serotonin Regulates Growth of the Intestinal Mucosa in Mice. Gastroenterology 2012, 143: 408-417.e2. PMID: 22609381, PMCID: PMC3687781, DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.05.007.
• Identification of a Serotonin Responsive Cholinergic Neuron in the Mouse Terminal IleumFingeret A, Gross E, Gertsberg Z, Gershon M, Cowles R. Identification of a Serotonin Responsive Cholinergic Neuron in the Mouse Terminal Ileum. Journal Of Surgical Research 2012, 172: 340. DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.11.689.
• Thoracic Surgical ProceduresGross E, Cowles R. Thoracic Surgical Procedures. 2012, 4037-4044. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-02202-9_420.
• How Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) Gets Into the Enteric Neurons and Establishes Latency: A Route via Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons That Doubly Project the Epidermis and the BowelChen J, Li Z, Cowles R, Gershon M, Gershon A. How Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) Gets Into the Enteric Neurons and Establishes Latency: A Route via Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons That Doubly Project the Epidermis and the Bowel. Gastroenterology 2011, 140: s-4. DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5085(11)60015-2.
• Alterations in small intestinal mucosa of mice lacking the serotonin reuptake transporter are 5HT2A receptor-dependentGross E, Mazo R, Gertsberg Z, Gershon M, Cowles R. Alterations in small intestinal mucosa of mice lacking the serotonin reuptake transporter are 5HT2A receptor-dependent. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2010, 211: s75. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2010.06.196.
• M1716 Serotonergic Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Homeostasis: Enhanced Generation of Enterocytes in SERT KO MiceCowles R, Gross E, Gertsberg Z, Gershon M. M1716 Serotonergic Regulation of Intestinal Mucosal Homeostasis: Enhanced Generation of Enterocytes in SERT KO Mice. Gastroenterology 2010, 138: s-404. DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5085(10)61859-8.
• The Role of Serotonin in Intestinal Epithelial HomeostasisGross E, Ruiz-Elizalde A, Gertsberg Z, Gershon M, Cowles R. The Role of Serotonin in Intestinal Epithelial Homeostasis. Journal Of Surgical Research 2010, 158: 186. DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.11.055.
• W1689 Latent Infection of the Human Enteric Nervous System By Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)Chen J, Gershon M, Wan S, Cowles R, Ruiz-Elizalde A, Bischoff S, Gershon A. W1689 Latent Infection of the Human Enteric Nervous System By Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV). Gastroenterology 2009, 136: a-717-a-718. DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5085(09)63312-6.
• 166. Vincristine-Associated Gastrointestinal ToxicityRuiz-Elizalde A, Carter S, Gershon M, Cowles R. 166. Vincristine-Associated Gastrointestinal Toxicity. Journal Of Surgical Research 2009, 151: 248-249. DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.11.202.
• 62. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Cardiopulmonary Failure in Pediatric Patients: Is a Second Course Justified?Fisher J, Stolar C, Cowles R. 62. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Cardiopulmonary Failure in Pediatric Patients: Is a Second Course Justified? Journal Of Surgical Research 2008, 144: 203. DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2007.12.071.
• Thomas V. Santulli: a central figure in the development of pediatric surgery in New York CityCowles R, Schullinger J, Berdon W. Thomas V. Santulli: a central figure in the development of pediatric surgery in New York City. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery 2007, 42: 589. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2006.10.064.
• Untreated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A risk factor in paediatric injuries?Cowles R, Soldes O, Coran A. Untreated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A risk factor in paediatric injuries? Injury Extra. 2005, 36: 566-568. DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2005.05.019.
• Sphingosine-1-phosphate mediates calcium signaling in guinea pig enteroglial cellsSegura BJ, Zhang W, Xiao L, Turner D, Cowles RA, Logsdon C, Mulholland MW. Sphingosine-1-phosphate mediates calcium signaling in guinea pig enteroglial cells. Journal Of Surgical Research 2004, 116: 42-54. PMID: 14732348, DOI: 10.1016/s0022-4804(03)00281-6.
• Cholinergic stimulation of rat acinar cells increases c-fos and c-jun expression via a mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent pathwayTurner DJ, Cowles RA, Segura BJ, Mulholland MW. Cholinergic stimulation of rat acinar cells increases c-fos and c-jun expression via a mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent pathway. Journal Of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2001, 5: 661-672. PMID: 12086906, DOI: 10.1016/s1091-255x(01)80110-4.
• Images in vascular medicineCowles R, Cardneau J, Taheri P. Images in vascular medicine. Vascular Medicine 2001, 6: 189-190. PMID: 11789974, DOI: 10.1177/1358836x0100600310.
• Functional overlap of IP3- and cADP-ribose-sensitive calcium stores in guinea pig myenteric neuronsTurner D, Segura B, Cowles R, Zhang W, Mulholland M. Functional overlap of IP3- and cADP-ribose-sensitive calcium stores in guinea pig myenteric neurons. AJP Gastrointestinal And Liver Physiology 2001, 281: g208-g215. PMID: 11408274, DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.2001.281.1.g208.
• Doctor-patient communication in surgery: attitudes and expectations of general surgery patients about the involvement and education of surgical residents1 1No competing interests declared.Cowles R, Moyer C, Sonnad S, Simeone D, Knol J, Eckhauser F, Mulholland M, Colletti L. Doctor-patient communication in surgery: attitudes and expectations of general surgery patients about the involvement and education of surgical residents1 1No competing interests declared. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2001, 193: 73-80. PMID: 11442257, DOI: 10.1016/s1072-7515(01)00936-x.
• Stimulation of rat pancreatic exocrine secretion by cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptideCowles R, Segura B, Mulholland M. Stimulation of rat pancreatic exocrine secretion by cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide. Peptides 2001, 99: 61-68. PMID: 11257316, DOI: 10.1016/s0167-0115(01)00226-9.
• Lysophosphatidic acid signaling in the enteric nervous system+SEGURA B, XIAO L, ZHANG W, COWLES R, LOGSDON C, MULHOLLAND M. Lysophosphatidic acid signaling in the enteric nervous system+. Gastroenterology 2001, 120: a683-a683. DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5085(01)83399-0.
• Lysophosphatidic acid signaling in the enteric nervous systemSegura B, Xiao L, Zhang W, Cowles R, Logsdon C, Mulholland M. Lysophosphatidic acid signaling in the enteric nervous system. Gastroenterology 2001, 120: a683. DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5085(08)83399-9.
• Surgical Management of Peptic Ulcer Disease in the Helicobacter Era—Management of Bleeding Peptic UlcerCowles R, Mulholland M. Surgical Management of Peptic Ulcer Disease in the Helicobacter Era—Management of Bleeding Peptic Ulcer. Surgical Laparoscopy Endoscopy & Percutaneous Techniques 2001, 11: 2-8. PMID: 11269550, DOI: 10.1097/00129689-200102000-00002.
• ATP Induces c-fos Expression in C6 Glioma Cells by Activation of P2Y ReceptorsZhang W, Turner D, Segura B, Cowles R, Mulholland M. ATP Induces c-fos Expression in C6 Glioma Cells by Activation of P2Y Receptors. Journal Of Surgical Research 2000, 94: 49-55. PMID: 11038302, DOI: 10.1006/jsre.2000.5984.
• Efficacy of the laparoscopic approach for anterior lumbar spinal fusionCowles R, Taheri P, Sweeney J, Graziano G. Efficacy of the laparoscopic approach for anterior lumbar spinal fusion. Surgery 2000, 128: 589-596. PMID: 11015092, DOI: 10.1067/msy.2000.108055.
• Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript stimulates pancreatic exocrine secretionCowles R, Segura B, Mulholland M. Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript stimulates pancreatic exocrine secretion. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2000, 191: s28. DOI: 10.1016/s1072-7515(00)00454-3.
• Sphingosine-1-phosphate, lysophosphatidic acid, and sphingosylphosphorylcholine induce c-fos mRNA expression in C6 glioma cellsSegura B, Leach K, Cowles R, Mulholland M. Sphingosine-1-phosphate, lysophosphatidic acid, and sphingosylphosphorylcholine induce c-fos mRNA expression in C6 glioma cells. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2000, 191: s53. DOI: 10.1016/s1072-7515(00)00536-6.
• Epidermoid cyst of the spleenCowles R, Yahanda A. Epidermoid cyst of the spleen. The American Journal Of Surgery 2000, 180: 227. PMID: 11084135, DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9610(00)00446-3.
• Cholinergic intrapancreatic neurons induce Ca2+ signaling and early-response gene expression in pancreatic acinar cellsTurner D, Cowles R, Segura B, Romanchuk G, Barnhart D, Mulholland M. Cholinergic intrapancreatic neurons induce Ca2+ signaling and early-response gene expression in pancreatic acinar cells. Journal Of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2000, 4: 475-480. PMID: 11077322, DOI: 10.1016/s1091-255x(00)80089-x.
• Solitary hepatic cystsCowles R, Mulholland M. Solitary hepatic cysts. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2000, 191: 311-321. PMID: 10989905, DOI: 10.1016/s1072-7515(00)00345-8.
• Laparoscopic biopsy of abdominal retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy for the diagnosis of lymphoma11No competing interests declared.Cowles R, Yahanda A. Laparoscopic biopsy of abdominal retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy for the diagnosis of lymphoma11No competing interests declared. Journal Of The American College Of Surgeons 2000, 191: 108-113. PMID: 10898191, DOI: 10.1016/s1072-7515(00)00279-9.
• Cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript stimulates pancreatic secretion via a neural pathwayCowles R, Segura B, Mulholland M. Cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript stimulates pancreatic secretion via a neural pathway. Gastroenterology 2000, 118: a446. DOI: 10.1016/s0016-5085(00)83895-0.
• Useful techniques for the resection of foot melanomasCowles R, Johnson T, Chang A. Useful techniques for the resection of foot melanomas. Journal Of Surgical Oncology 1999, 70: 255-259. PMID: 10219023, DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9098(199904)70:4<255::aid-jso11>3.0.co;2-b.