Astragaloside IV reduces neuronal apoptosis and parthanatos in ischemic injury by preserving mitochondrial hexokinase-II
Li Y, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Liu B, Jiao S, Zhang X. Astragaloside IV reduces neuronal apoptosis and parthanatos in ischemic injury by preserving mitochondrial hexokinase-II. Free Radical Biology And Medicine 2018, 131: 251-263. PMID: 30502455, DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.033.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsApoptosis Inducing FactorAstragalus propinquusFemaleGene Expression RegulationGlutamic AcidHexokinaseHumansHypoxia-Ischemia, BrainInfarction, Middle Cerebral ArteryMembrane Potential, MitochondrialMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMitochondriaMitochondrial Membrane Transport ProteinsMitochondrial Permeability Transition PoreNeuronsNeuroprotective AgentsOxygen ConsumptionParthanatosPrimary Cell CultureProtein BindingProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySaponinsTriterpenesConceptsMitochondrial hexokinase-IIApoptosis inducing factorHexokinase-IIRelease of pro-apoptotic proteinsNuclear translocation of apoptosis inducing factorTranslocation of apoptosis inducing factorCollapse of mitochondrial membrane potentialMitochondrial dysfunctionFunctional integrity of mitochondriaMitochondrial permeability transition porePro-apoptotic proteinsBinding to mitochondriaDNA damageIntegrity of mitochondriaMitochondrial membrane potentialPermeability transition poreImpaired mitochondrial functionSimultaneously induced apoptosisNeuronal cell deathTransition porePAR formationMitochondrial functionParthanatosCell deathMitochondria