Steven L. Bernstein, MD
Vice Chair, Academic AffairsCards
Additional Titles
Director, Yale Center for Implementation Science (YCIS)
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Titles
Vice Chair, Academic Affairs; Director, Yale Center for Implementation Science (YCIS)
Biography
Dr. Bernstein develops screening and treatment interventions for tobacco users in the hospital settings, and programs to train providers in tobacco control.
He is also interested in implementation science, and is the founding Director of the Yale Center for Implementation Science.
He is currently studying the efficacy of a brief counseling intervention, nicotine replacement therapy, a telephone quitline service, and an SMS texting program in helping adult smokers in the emergency department quit. Another project is using network analysis to model patterns of adherence and abstinence in human health behavior. He is also the director of a new training program in implementation science.
He has additional interests in teaching the principles of public health, population health, and prevention to medical students, residents, and practitioners.
He maintains an active clinical practice in the ED at Yale New Haven Hospital.
Departments & Organizations
- Cancer Prevention and Control
- Emergency Medicine
- SBIRT for Alcohol and Other Drug Problems
- Tobacco Treatment Program
- Yale Cancer Center
- Yale Center for Implementation Science (YCIS)
- Yale Medicine
- Yale Ventures
- Yale-Drug use, Addiction, and HIV prevention Research Scholars (DAHRS)
Education & Training
- Visiting Fellow
- Yale University School of Medicine (2001)
- Resident
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York (1992)
- Fellow
- State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn, Brooklyn, New York (1989)
- Intern
- Suny Health Sciences Center Brooklyn, New York (1988)
- MD
- Temple University School of Medicine (1985)
- AB
- Princeton University, Biochemistry/Program in Science in Human Affairs (1981)
Research
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Overview
Steven L. Bernstein M.D. is Professor and Vice Chair for Academic Affairs in the Department of Emergency Medicine at Yale. His work focuses on the implementation of tobacco dependence treatment in various clinical settings. Dr. Bernstein pioneered the development of tobacco dependence treatment interventions in the ED. A recent trial was the first to demonstrate the efficacy of a multicomponent intervention to help ED smokers quit. A current project is assessing the ability of decision support and an order set embedded in an electronic medical record to help doctors improve treatment of hospitalized smokers. A newer line of research entails testing the ability of a measure he developed using techniques adapted from network analysis to measure the relationships between adherence, abstinence, and clinical outcomes. Dr. Bernstein also leads a new program to train junior investigators in implementation science.
His work has been supported by the National Cancer Institute, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and the American Legacy Foundation, among others. His work led to EDs being mentioned as appropriate venues for tobacco control in the 2008 Public Health Service guideline on tobacco dependence treatment, and a report by the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bernstein has served in an advisory capacity developing tobacco policies and measures for national groups including the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the Joint Commission and the National Committee for Quality Assurance. He recently served on a panel for the National Cancer Institute that drafted research priorities in tobacco control. At Yale, Dr. Bernstein has appointments at the School of Public Health, the Comprehensive Cancer Center, and serves as core faculty for the National Clinician Scholars Program. He is the founding director of the Yale Emergency Scholars (YES) program, a new residency track that will train the next generation of clinician-scientists in emergency medicine. YES graduates will earn a Masters in Health Science degree.
Medical Research Interests
Research Projects
A SMART Approach to Treating Tobacco Use Disorder in Persons Living with HIV (SMARTTT)
General Internal Medicine / , parent organization of Phoenix Lab
Research at a Glance
Yale Co-Authors
Publications Timeline
Research Interests
Gail D'Onofrio, MD, MS
James Dziura, MPH, PhD
Jessica M Ray
Former YSMMarek Chawarski, PhD
Patrick G. O'Connor, MD, MPH, MACP
Alana Rosenberg, MPH
Smoking Cessation
Emergency Medicine
Publications
2021
Cancer pain management in the emergency department: a multicenter prospective observational trial of the Comprehensive Oncologic Emergencies Research Network (CONCERN).
Coyne CJ, Reyes-Gibby CC, Durham DD, Abar B, Adler D, Bastani A, Bernstein SL, Baugh CW, Bischof JJ, Grudzen CR, Henning DJ, Hudson MF, Klotz A, Lyman GH, Madsen TE, Pallin DJ, Rico JF, Ryan RJ, Shapiro NI, Swor R, Thomas CR, Venkat A, Wilson J, Yeung SJ, Caterino JM. Cancer pain management in the emergency department: a multicenter prospective observational trial of the Comprehensive Oncologic Emergencies Research Network (CONCERN). Supportive Care In Cancer : Official Journal Of The Multinational Association Of Supportive Care In Cancer 2021, 29: 4543-4553. PMID: 33483789, DOI: 10.1007/s00520-021-05987-3.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2020
A Preoperative Contingency Management Intervention for Smoking Abstinence in Cancer Patients: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial
Rojewski AM, Fucito LM, Baker NL, Krishnan-Sarin S, Carpenter MJ, Bernstein SL, Toll BA. A Preoperative Contingency Management Intervention for Smoking Abstinence in Cancer Patients: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2020, 23: 1064-1067. PMID: 33340400, PMCID: PMC8248947, DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa266.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsDay of surgeryCancer surgeryAbstinence ratesContingency management interventionCM patientsCM interventionSeven-day point prevalence abstinence ratesCM groupSelf-reported smoking abstinencePoint prevalence abstinence ratesTobacco treatment programEnd of treatmentIncentives contingentMonetary incentives contingentBreath carbon monoxideCO breath testMultisite pilot studyOperable cancerStandard careNicotine patchCancer patientsSmoking abstinenceSurgical proceduresBreath testPatientsDevelopment of an App to Facilitate Communication and Shared Decision‐making With Parents of Febrile Infants ≤ 60 Days Old
Aronson PL, Politi MC, Schaeffer P, Fleischer E, Shapiro ED, Niccolai LM, Alpern ER, Bernstein SL, Fraenkel L. Development of an App to Facilitate Communication and Shared Decision‐making With Parents of Febrile Infants ≤ 60 Days Old. Academic Emergency Medicine 2020, 28: 46-59. PMID: 32648270, PMCID: PMC7794092, DOI: 10.1111/acem.14082.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsThe United States National Cancer Institute’s Coordinated Research Effort on Tobacco Use as a Major Cause of Morbidity and Mortality among People with HIV
Ashare RL, Bernstein SL, Schnoll R, Gross R, Catz SL, Cioe P, Crothers K, Hitsman B, Marhefka SL, McClure JB, Pacek LR, Vidrine DJ, Vilardaga R, Kaufman A, Edelman EJ. The United States National Cancer Institute’s Coordinated Research Effort on Tobacco Use as a Major Cause of Morbidity and Mortality among People with HIV. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2020, 23: 407-410. PMID: 32803251, PMCID: PMC7454816, DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa155.Commentaries, Editorials and LettersCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsSmoking cessation interventionNational Cancer InstituteTobacco useCessation interventionsCancer InstituteEvidence-based smoking cessation interventionsHigh-risk populationInclusion/exclusion criteriaMore life yearsUnited States National Cancer InstituteSARS-CoV-2Public health officialsAntiretroviral therapyHIV infectionTobacco treatmentTobacco cessationChronic diseasesClinical trialsTreatment mediatorsSevere diseaseExclusion criteriaGeneral populationPWHSmoking behaviorLife yearsStudy protocol for the ACT response pilot intervention: development, implementation and evaluation of a systems-based Agitation Code Team (ACT) in the emergency department
Wong AH, Ray JM, Auerbach MA, Venkatesh AK, McVaney C, Burness D, Chmura C, Saxa T, Sevilla M, Flood CT, Patel A, Whitfill T, Dziura JD, Yonkers KA, Ulrich A, Bernstein SL. Study protocol for the ACT response pilot intervention: development, implementation and evaluation of a systems-based Agitation Code Team (ACT) in the emergency department. BMJ Open 2020, 10: e036982. PMID: 32606062, PMCID: PMC7328814, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036982.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsEmergency departmentRestraint useCode teamControlled interrupted time series designResponse interventionsRate of restraint useInterrupted time series designAcute care settingDe-escalation techniquesTime series designPeer-reviewed publicationsED staffIdentified teamworkPilot interventionCare settingsHealth systemPatient encountersAgitation managementHuman Investigation CommitteeWorkplace violenceEthical approvalStaff safetyPatient agitationReduce harmSeries designPragmatic Application of the RE-AIM Framework to Evaluate the Implementation of Tobacco Cessation Programs Within NCI-Designated Cancer Centers
D'Angelo H, Ramsey AT, Rolland B, Chen LS, Bernstein SL, Fucito LM, Hooper M, Adsit R, Pauk D, Rosenblum MS, Cinciripini PM, Joseph A, Ostroff JS, Warren GW, Fiore MC, Baker TB. Pragmatic Application of the RE-AIM Framework to Evaluate the Implementation of Tobacco Cessation Programs Within NCI-Designated Cancer Centers. Frontiers In Public Health 2020, 8: 221. PMID: 32596200, PMCID: PMC7304341, DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00221.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsTobacco treatment servicesCancer care settingsNational Cancer InstituteRE-AIM frameworkCancer CenterCare settingsTreatment servicesElectronic health recordsCessation servicesCessation outcomesCancer Center Cessation InitiativeCessation service deliveryDelivery of tobaccoPatients' tobacco useTobacco treatment programTobacco cessation programBetter patient outcomesCurrent smokersCessation initiativesTobacco treatmentTobacco cessationPatient populationCessation programsTreatment referralPatient outcomesVisualizing implementation: contextual and organizational support mapping of stakeholders (COSMOS)
Bernstein SL, Weiss J, Curry L. Visualizing implementation: contextual and organizational support mapping of stakeholders (COSMOS). Implementation Science Communications 2020, 1: 48. PMID: 32885204, PMCID: PMC7427961, DOI: 10.1186/s43058-020-00030-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricConceptsHospital-based studyUnit of randomizationElectronic health recordsAdult smokersPhysician behaviorOrder setsHealthcare settingsHealth recordsHospital administrationImplementation sciencePhysiciansKey stakeholdersImplementation projectQualitative interviewsScreen promptsSmokersPatientsHospitalAdditional attentionImplementation teamAdministrationLevel of supportExperiences of Individuals Who Were Physically Restrained in the Emergency Department
Wong AH, Ray JM, Rosenberg A, Crispino L, Parker J, McVaney C, Iennaco JD, Bernstein SL, Pavlo AJ. Experiences of Individuals Who Were Physically Restrained in the Emergency Department. JAMA Network Open 2020, 3: e1919381. PMID: 31977058, PMCID: PMC6991263, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.19381.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsEmergency departmentPhysical restraintED visitsExperiences of restraint useQualitative studyExperiences of physical restraintCombination of mental illnessPatient-centered approachMacArthur Perceived Coercion ScaleRestraint experienceParticipants' demographic informationAssociated with injuryExperiences of individualsData saturationEpisodes of physical restraintRestraint ordersCare provisionSelf-reported responsesRestraint useEpisodes of agitationMental illnessLast restraintMain OutcomesEligible visitsPrimary themes
2019
The Association of Nicotine Replacement Therapy With Outcomes Among Smokers Hospitalized for a Major Surgical Procedure
Stefan MS, Pack Q, Shieh MS, Pekow PS, Bernstein SL, Raghunathan K, Nason KS, Lindenauer PK. The Association of Nicotine Replacement Therapy With Outcomes Among Smokers Hospitalized for a Major Surgical Procedure. CHEST Journal 2019, 157: 1354-1361. PMID: 31790653, PMCID: PMC7268437, DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.10.054.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsNicotine replacement therapyDay of admissionMajor surgical proceduresSurgical proceduresPerioperative periodActive smokersReplacement therapyFirst large observational studyPropensity-matched cohortImmediate perioperative periodPropensity-matched analysisAssociation of receiptLarge observational studiesDiagnosis of alcoholSubstance use disordersHospital complicationsInpatient complicationsComposite outcomePostoperative outcomesSurgical patientsWound complicationsRetrospective studyAdverse outcomesObservational studyUse disordersCharacteristics and Severity of Agitation Associated With Use of Sedatives and Restraints in the Emergency Department
Wong AH, Crispino L, Parker JB, McVaney C, Rosenberg A, Ray JM, Whitfill T, Iennaco JD, Bernstein SL. Characteristics and Severity of Agitation Associated With Use of Sedatives and Restraints in the Emergency Department. Journal Of Emergency Medicine 2019, 57: 611-619. PMID: 31594740, DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.07.019.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsAgitated patientsOvert Aggression Scale scoresUse of sedativesRestraint useEmergency departmentOvert Aggression ScaleAggression scale scoresAgitated Behavior ScaleAgitation ScaleScale scoreSedative useHigher oddsAggression ScaleBehavior ScaleBehavioral techniquesTriage chief complaintTertiary referral centerProspective observational studyAgitation severityAlcohol/drug useSeverity Scale scoreLevel of agitationLogistic regression modelsSeverity ScaleDetection of agitation
Academic Achievements & Community Involvement
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Activities
activity Interventions to Prevent and Treat Addictions CSR Study Section
10/01/2019 - 01/01/2021Peer Review Groups and Grant Study SectionsCommittee Memberactivity NIH/National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
02/01/2014 - 02/01/2014Peer Review Groups and Grant Study SectionsMemberDetailsChair, Review Panelactivity NIH/National Cancer Institute
05/26/2010 - 05/27/2012Peer Review Groups and Grant Study SectionsReviewerDetailsSpecial Emphasis Panel
Honors
honor Top Consultant
01/01/2009UnknownAnnals of Emergency MedicineDetailsUnited Stateshonor Fellow
01/01/2006UnknownNew York Academy of Medicine, New York Academy of MedicineDetailsUnited States
Clinical Care
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Overview
Clinical Specialties
Fact Sheets
Tobacco Cessation in the Emergency Department
Learn More on Yale Medicine
Board Certifications
Internal Medicine
- Certification Organization
- AB of Internal Medicine
- Original Certification Date
- 1988
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