About
Research
Mechanism of treatment resistance in prostate cancer
Overview
Clinical research: Role of surgery in men who present with metastatic prostate cancer.
Despite the significant advances made in prostate cancer treatment over the last two decades, a recent study demonstrated no significant improvement in outcome in men with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). Indeed, the 5-year relative survival rate in patients who present with mPCa is only 28%. Given such dismal prognosis of mPCa, new ideas and novel approaches must be explored. In this regard, recently emerging data suggest that controlling the local primary disease may enhance survival in men with mPCa. Indeed, the hypothesis is that there exists and dynamic interaction between primary and metastatic prostate cancer and that the removal of the primary disease site will render the metastatic disease more vulnerable to systemic treatment. Therefore, I helped establish an international team to prospectively evaluate surgical intervention (cytoreductive prostatectomy) in men with de novo mPCa. This study will accrue up to 870 patients with metastatic prostate cancer.
Laboratory research: mechanism of treatment resistance in prostate cancer cells
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the foundation of systemic treatment for men with metastatic prostate cancer. Although ADT is quite effective initially, resistance emerges inevitably in 3-4 years. Such phenotype is called castration resistance. Castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is considered incurable at the present. Thus, understanding the mechanism of progression to CRPC is critical for improving the outcome of men with metastatic prostate cancer. My lab is currently using genomics and various cell-based and tissue-based models to understand major molecular events that lead to the emergence of CRPC.
Medical Research Interests
Clinical Care
Surgical care in men with high-risk and metastatic prostate cancer
Overview
Isaac Yi Kim, MD, PhD, MBA, chair of the Department of Urology at Yale School of Medicine, specializes in the treatment and management of prostate cancer with the goal of helping patients navigate and better understand their disease. Although he cares for all men with localized disease, his clinical and research focus is in men with high-risk disease, recurrence after radiation, and metastatic prostate cancer to lymph nodes, bones, lungs, and abdominal organs.
Dr. Kim is an expert in minimally invasive robotic surgery and has performed more than 2,400 robot-assisted radical prostatectomies, which are surgeries to remove the entire prostate gland. In addition, he has established a same-day radical prostatectomy program by using the latest-generation da Vinci robot to remove a diseased prostate through a single, one-inch incision in the abdomen. This results in less pain—and pain medication—for the patient, who usually goes home the same day of the surgery.
He was inspired to become a prostate surgeon during his medical training, when he decided he wanted to help men he saw struggling with complications such as impotence and incontinence, which often develop after prostate cancer surgery. Those post-surgery problems are less common with expert robotic surgeons, he says. “I see what an impact and a difference the surgical robot has made in helping our patients and allaying their fears.”
As a professor at Yale School of Medicine, Dr. Kim is also a surgeon-scientist who is studying the mechanism of prostate cancer treatment resistance. He is the principal investigator in clinical trials focused on advanced and metastatic prostate cancer, providing surgery in men with Stage IV prostate cancer. He says the traditional paradigm shows that when cancer cells have escaped the organ of origin, it’s too late to help. But his early data is showing that removing the prostate may enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy and hormonal therapies for men with late-stage disease.
Dr. Kim says working at Yale Medicine is rewarding because of the rich history and tradition that values innovation and creativity, and he is focused on providing the latest treatments for men who have any stage of prostate cancer. “Yale Urology is one of the larger departments in the nation and we attract patients from regions far beyond New Haven. We’re really dedicated to delivering the most innovative care in the most compassionate manner,” he says. “When a patient and concerned family members come in with a prostate cancer diagnosis, and I’m able to take care of it and see how he recovers, it is truly a privilege and a blessing.”
Clinical Specialties
Board Certifications
Urology
- Certification Organization
- AB of Urology
- Original Certification Date
- 2007
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- October 27, 2025
Yale Urology Research
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2025 Yale Urology Visiting Professor and Graduation Day
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Urology
P.O. Box 208058
New Haven, CT 06520-8058
United States
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Yale Only Coraline Mlynarczyk, PhD