Shu-Xia Li, PhD
Staff Affiliate - YNHHCards
Additional Titles
Associate Director, Data Management & Analytics, Center for Outcomes Research & Evaluation (CORE), Yale School of Medicine
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Staff Affiliate - YNHH
Positions outside Yale
Associate Director, Data Management & Analytics, Center for Outcomes Research & Evaluation (CORE), Yale School of Medicine
Biography
Dr. Li is an Associate Director of Date Management and Analytics at Yale-New Haven Hospital Centers for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE). She has help initiated and served in a leadership role in CORE’s big data research project. She has had a dynamic research career with 20+ years of diverse and in-depth hands-on experience in building health care quality measures, designing clinical trials and performing data analysis, pre-clinical data analysis, bio-marker discovery, data mining, genomics, proteomics, gene-expression profiling, and bioinformatics application development in both industrial and academic settings. Her current work focuses on bringing new statistical and mathematical tools in health care outcomes research. She has been collaborating with health care outcome researchers and published in phenotyping hospital drug and procedure variation and utilization patterns, health-care cost/value patterns, risk prediction modeling, and imaging analysis using artificial intelligence. She has also actively engaged in hospital quality measures and surveillance tool development in collaboration with Center for Medicare and Medicaid Service (CMS). She is also interested in precision medicine in the era of big data.
Departments & Organizations
Education & Training
- PhD
- Yale University, Biostatistics (2010)
- MS
- Yale Univeristy, Biostatistics (2005)
- PhD
- Ohio University, Molecular and Cellular Biology (1996)
- BS
- Sichuan University, Biology/Genetics (1989)
Research
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Overview
Medical Research Interests
Research at a Glance
Yale Co-Authors
Publications Timeline
Research Interests
Harlan Krumholz, MD, SM
Kumar Dharmarajan, MD, MBA
Zhenqiu Lin, PhD
Andreas Coppi
Nancy Kim, MD, PhD
Arjun Venkatesh, MD, MBA, MHS
Treatment Outcome
Quality of Health Care
Publications
2025
Coronary Artery Disease–Based Polygenic Risk Score in Early-Onset Acute Myocardial Infarction Subtypes
Dong W, Lu Y, Li S, Sawano M, Caraballo C, Liu Y, Khera A, Philippakis A, Dreyer R, Lichtman J, D'Onofrio G, Spatz E, Herrington D, Post W, Rich S, Rotter J, Krumholz H. Coronary Artery Disease–Based Polygenic Risk Score in Early-Onset Acute Myocardial Infarction Subtypes. JACC Advances 2025, 4: 101994. PMID: 40712269, PMCID: PMC12311502, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2025.101994.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute myocardial infarction subtypePolygenic risk scoresAcute myocardial infarctionRisk of acute myocardial infarctionRisk scoreCoronary artery diseaseAssociated with acute myocardial infarctionEstimated riskAssociated with higher riskAssociated with MIAcute myocardial infarction patientsMultinomial logistic regressionArtery diseaseNonobstructive coronary artery diseaseLogistic regressionFemale-to-male ratioYoung adultsCox regressionHigh riskInfarction subtypesYoung individualsMyocardial infarctionEarly-onsetScoresSexNirmatrelvir–ritonavir versus placebo–ritonavir in individuals with long COVID in the USA (PAX LC): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2, decentralised trial
Sawano M, Bhattacharjee B, Caraballo C, Khera R, Li S, Herrin J, Christian D, Coppi A, Warner F, Holub J, Henriquez Y, Johnson M, Goddard T, Rocco E, Hummel A, Mouslmani M, Hooper W, Putrino D, Carr K, Charnas L, De Jesus M, Nepert D, Abreu P, Ziegler F, Spertus J, Iwasaki A, Krumholz H. Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir versus placebo–ritonavir in individuals with long COVID in the USA (PAX LC): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2, decentralised trial. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2025, 25: 936-946. PMID: 40188838, DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(25)00073-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricConceptsPhysical health summary scoreBaseline to dayAdverse eventsNirmatrelvir-ritonavirSARS-CoV-2 infectionDouble-blindStudy drug-related treatment-emergent adverse eventsDrug-related treatment-emergent adverse eventsTreatment-emergent adverse eventsIntention-to-treat populationWeek 6Baseline to week 6Documented SARS-CoV-2 infectionActive liver diseaseEffective pharmacological interventionsLong COVIDAcute medical illnessSafety populationPatient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information SystemEarly treatment terminationRenal impairmentTreat long-COVIDPlacebo-ControlledEfficacy endpointRandomised controlled trialsP-1950. An estimate of pediatric lives saved due to non-pharmacologic interventions during the early COVID-19 pandemic
Faust J, Chen A, Renton B, Du C, Li S, Lin Z, Krumholz H. P-1950. An estimate of pediatric lives saved due to non-pharmacologic interventions during the early COVID-19 pandemic. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2025, 12: ofae631.2109. PMCID: PMC11778407, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae631.2109.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAll-CauseICD-10 classificationPediatric deathsCDC WONDERMedical mortalityConfidence intervalsExcess mortalityMedical deathsICD-10Age groupsPandemic mitigation measuresCOVID-19 pandemicNon-pharmacological interventionsChildren Aged 0Residents aged 0All-Cause MortalityAll-cause excess mortalityChildren aged 1US childrenCOVID-19 pandemic periodExcess deathsPediatric mortalityChildhood mortalityAged 0COVID-19
2024
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Faust J, Renton B, Bongiovanni T, Chen A, Sheares K, Du C, Essien U, Fuentes-Afflick E, Haywood T, Khera R, King T, Li S, Lin Z, Lu Y, Marshall A, Ndumele C, Opara I, Loarte-Rodriguez T, Sawano M, Taparra K, Taylor H, Watson K, Yancy C, Krumholz H. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2438918. PMID: 39392630, PMCID: PMC11581672, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38918.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsCOVID-19 public health emergencyNon-HispanicPublic health emergencyOther Pacific IslanderExcess mortalityAlaska NativesUS populationExcess deathsRates of excess mortalityCross-sectional study analyzed dataYears of potential lifeMortality relative riskNon-Hispanic whitesCross-sectional studyPacific IslandersStudy analyzed dataAll-Cause MortalityEthnic groupsMortality disparitiesMortality ratioTotal populationDeath certificatesEthnic disparitiesMain OutcomesDecedent ageEffect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Monitoring and Control of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Disparities
Lu Y, Brush J, Liu Y, Li S, Asher J, Krumholz H. Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Monitoring and Control of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Disparities. JACC Advances 2024, 3: 101177. PMID: 39220712, PMCID: PMC11364117, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.101177.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProcessing and validation of inpatient Medicare Advantage data for use in hospital outcome measures
Kyanko K, Sahay K, Wang Y, Schreiber M, Hager M, Myers R, Johnson W, Zhang J, Yen B, Suter L, Triche E, Li S. Processing and validation of inpatient Medicare Advantage data for use in hospital outcome measures. Health Services Research 2024, 59: e14350. PMID: 38961668, PMCID: PMC11622257, DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.14350.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricConceptsCenters for Medicare & Medicaid ServicesMedicare Advantage OrganizationsHospital outcome measuresPrincipal diagnosis codeOutcome measuresInpatient claimsDiagnosis codesMedicare AdvantageNational Provider IdentifierMedicare Advantage dataAcute careIntegrated Data RepositoryProvider IdentifierMedicaid ServicesMedicare dischargesMA claimsDuplicate claimsMA dataDemographic characteristicsCertificate numberMedicareHospitalEnrollment dataCompare diagnosesAdmissionIncorporating Medicare Advantage Admissions Into the CMS Hospital-Wide Readmission Measure
Kyanko K, Sahay K, Wang Y, Li S, Schreiber M, Hager M, Myers R, Johnson W, Zhang J, Krumholz H, Suter L, Triche E. Incorporating Medicare Advantage Admissions Into the CMS Hospital-Wide Readmission Measure. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2414431. PMID: 38829614, PMCID: PMC11148674, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.14431.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsCenters for Medicare & Medicaid ServicesSpecialty subgroupsPerformance quintileMedicare AdvantageReadmission ratesRisk-standardized readmission ratesHospital-wide readmission measureHospital outcome measuresTest-retest reliabilityRisk-adjustment variablesMeasurement reliabilityAdministrative claims dataReadmission measuresImprove measurement reliabilityIntegrated Data RepositoryMA beneficiariesQuintile rankingsMedicare beneficiariesMedicaid ServicesAll-CausePublic reportingStudy assessed differencesClaims dataOutcome measuresMA cohortThe PAX LC Trial: A Decentralized, Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind Study of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Compared with Placebo/Ritonavir for Long COVID
Krumholz H, Sawano M, Bhattacharjee B, Caraballo C, Khera R, Li S, Herrin J, Coppi A, Holub J, Henriquez Y, Johnson M, Goddard T, Rocco E, Hummel A, Al Mouslmani M, Putrino D, Carr K, Carvajal-Gonzalez S, Charnas L, De Jesus M, Ziegler F, Iwasaki A. The PAX LC Trial: A Decentralized, Phase 2, Randomized, Double-Blind Study of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Compared with Placebo/Ritonavir for Long COVID. The American Journal Of Medicine 2024, 138: 884-892.e4. PMID: 38735354, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.04.030.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricConceptsLC trialPROMIS-29Participants' homesTargeting viral persistencePlacebo-controlled trialDouble-blind studyElectronic health recordsCore Outcome MeasuresLong COVIDEQ-5D-5LRepeated measures analysisEvidence-based treatmentsPhase 2Double-blindParticipant-centred approachStudy drugPrimary endpointSecondary endpointsCommunity-dwellingHealth recordsHealthcare utilizationContiguous US statesViral persistencePatient groupDrug treatmentHypertension Trends and Disparities Over 12 Years in a Large Health System: Leveraging the Electronic Health Records
Brush J, Lu Y, Liu Y, Asher J, Li S, Sawano M, Young P, Schulz W, Anderson M, Burrows J, Krumholz H. Hypertension Trends and Disparities Over 12 Years in a Large Health System: Leveraging the Electronic Health Records. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2024, 13: e033253. PMID: 38686864, PMCID: PMC11179912, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033253.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsElectronic health recordsRegional health systemImprove hypertension careHealth systemHealth recordsHypertension careDiastolic blood pressureAge-adjusted prevalence ratesNon-Hispanic black patientsPrevalence ratesLarger health systemCross-sectional analysisTransformation of medical dataLeveraging real-world dataHigh prevalence rateHypertension trendsHypertension prevalenceBlood pressureBlood pressure measurementsHypertension diagnosisPrimary outcomeNational trendsProportion of patientsAntihypertensive medicationsBlack patientsPre-COVID-19 hospital quality and hospital response to COVID-19: examining associations between risk-adjusted mortality for patients hospitalised with COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 hospital quality
Peter D, Li S, Wang Y, Zhang J, Grady J, McDowell K, Norton E, Lin Z, Bernheim S, Venkatesh A, Fleisher L, Schreiber M, Suter L, Triche E. Pre-COVID-19 hospital quality and hospital response to COVID-19: examining associations between risk-adjusted mortality for patients hospitalised with COVID-19 and pre-COVID-19 hospital quality. BMJ Open 2024, 14: e077394. PMID: 38553067, PMCID: PMC10982775, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077394.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsHospital qualityPatient experiencePre-COVID-19Medicare patientsShort-term acute care hospitalsCritical access hospitalsAcute care hospitalsFuture public health emergenciesHigher odds of mortalityIn-HospitalRisk-adjusted mortalityOdds of mortalityCare deliveryAccess hospitalsEffective careCOVID-19-related deathsAssociated with mortalityCare structuresHospital characteristicsPublic health emergencySummary scoreMedicare beneficiariesHigher oddsHospital responseRSMRs
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- July 02, 2024
Yale Faculty Members Named to JACC Editorial Board
- May 28, 2024
Next Generation Research Uses Real-World Data to Identify Most Effective Hypertension Drugs for Patients
- December 18, 2022
Yale Insights in Cardiovascular Medicine: 2022
- May 03, 2022
Surprising Risk Factors May Predict Heart Attacks in Young Women
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