Serena Susan Spudich, MD, MA
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Division Chief, Neurological Infections & Global Neurology
Co-Director, Yale Center for Brain & Mind Health
Affiliated Faculty, Yale Institute for Global Health
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Are You a Patient?
View this doctor's clinical profile on the Yale Medicine website for information about the services we offer and making an appointment.
View Doctor ProfileAdditional Titles
Division Chief, Neurological Infections & Global Neurology
Co-Director, Yale Center for Brain & Mind Health
Affiliated Faculty, Yale Institute for Global Health
Contact Info
Are You a Patient?
View this doctor's clinical profile on the Yale Medicine website for information about the services we offer and making an appointment.
View Doctor ProfileAdditional Titles
Division Chief, Neurological Infections & Global Neurology
Co-Director, Yale Center for Brain & Mind Health
Affiliated Faculty, Yale Institute for Global Health
Contact Info
About
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Titles
Gilbert H. Glaser Professor of Neurology
Division Chief, Neurological Infections & Global Neurology; Co-Director, Yale Center for Brain & Mind Health; Affiliated Faculty, Yale Institute for Global Health
Appointments
Neurology
ProfessorPrimary
Other Departments & Organizations
- AIDS Care Program
- Brain Infections
- Center for Brain & Mind Health
- Center for Neuroepidemiology and Clinical Neurological Research
- COVID Mind Study at Yale
- Human and Translational Immunology Program
- MR Core
- Neurological Infections and Global Neurology
- Neurology
- Spudich Lab
- Yale Institute for Global Health
- Yale Medicine
- Yale Stem Cell Center
- Yale Ventures
- Yale-UPR Integrated HIV Basic and Clinical Sciences Initiative
Education & Training
- Fellow
- University of California at San Francisco (2004)
- Fellow
- Harvard Medical School (2003)
- Resident
- Harvard Medical School (2002)
- Resident
- University of Washington School of Medicine (1999)
- Intern
- University of Washington School of Medicine (1998)
- MD
- University of California at San Francisco (1997)
- MA
- Stanford University, Philosophy of Science (1992)
- BA
- Stanford University, Human Biology/Humanities (1991)
Research
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Overview
Medical Research Interests
Public Health Interests
ORCID
0000-0001-6032-3950- View Lab Website
Spudich Lab
Research at a Glance
Publications Timeline
Research Interests
Biomarkers
Cerebrospinal Fluid
COVID-19
HIV
Neuroinflammatory Diseases
Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
Publications
2025
Neuroaxonal Injury in Acute HIV Infection and Following Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy
Chan P, Sacdalan C, Pinyakorn S, Kroon E, Colby D, Promsena P, Sriplienchan S, Phanuphak N, Vasan S, Valcour V, Paul R, Gisslén M, Zetterberg H, Trautmann L, Spudich S. Neuroaxonal Injury in Acute HIV Infection and Following Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy. Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2025, jiaf583. PMID: 41254882, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaf583.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAltmetricGreater Accumulation of Brain White Matter Hyperintensities in People Diagnosed and Treated During Acute HIV Compared With People Without HIV
Holroyd K, Chan P, Sacdalan C, Dumrongpisutikul N, Sriplienchan S, Promensa P, Sailasuta P, Pothisri M, Puttamaswin S, Vasan S, Valcour V, Trautmann L, Spudich S, Paul R, Bolzenius J. Greater Accumulation of Brain White Matter Hyperintensities in People Diagnosed and Treated During Acute HIV Compared With People Without HIV. Neurology 2025, 105: e214445. PMID: 41172230, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000214445.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAntiretroviral Therapy Intensification With Dolutegravir and/or Maraviroc Did Not Affect HIV-1 Cell-Associated DNA, RNA, and 2--LTR Circles Over 12 Weeks.
Reed JC, Hall L, McKhann A, Kwak G, Goecker EA, Coombs RW, Chen H, Roa J, Vecchio A, Daar ES, Hunt PW, Marra CM, Campbell TB, Ma Q, Swaminathan S, Macatangay BJC, Morse GD, Miller T, Rusin D, Ha B, Alston-Smith B, Paul R, Letendre SL, Spudich SS, Greninger AL. Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification With Dolutegravir and/or Maraviroc Did Not Affect HIV-1 Cell-Associated DNA, RNA, and 2--LTR Circles Over 12 Weeks. Open Forum Infect Dis 2025, 12: ofaf594. PMID: 41141451, DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaf594.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCSF immune cell alterations in women with neuropsychiatric Long COVID
Orlinick B, Mehta S, McAlpine L, Khoshbakht S, Fertuzinhos S, Nelson A, Chiarella J, Das B, Patel V, Filippidis P, Corley M, Spudich S, Farhadian S. CSF immune cell alterations in women with neuropsychiatric Long COVID. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2025, jiaf468. PMID: 40920586, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaf468.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAltmetricConceptsPeripheral blood mononuclear cellsCerebrospinal fluidPeripheral blood mononuclear cell samplesImmune cell alterationsBlood mononuclear cellsLong COVIDAcute COVID-19Lumbar punctureGenes related to oxidative stressMononuclear cellsAndrogen responsivenessCellular stress pathwaysMolecular profilingNeurological syndromeBlood drawImmune responseCell alterationsCOVID statusReactive oxygen speciesP53 responseStress pathwaysWomenMTORC1 signalingOxidative stressLipid metabolismOlfactory Dysfunction After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the RECOVER Adult Cohort.
Horwitz LI, Becker JH, Huang W, Akintonwa T, Hornig-Rohan MM, Maranga G, Adams DR, Albers MW, Ayache M, Berry J, Brim H, Bryan TW, Charney AW, Clark RA, Cortez MM, D'Anza B, Davis H, Donohue SE, Erdmann N, Flaherman V, Fong TG, Frontera JA, Goldberg MP, Goldman JD, Harkins MS, Hodder SL, Jacoby VL, Jagannathan P, Jia X, Kelly JD, Krishnan JA, Kumar A, Laiyemo AO, Levitan EB, Martin JN, McCaffrey KM, McComsey GA, Metz TD, Murthy G, Nguyen H, Okumura M, Parry S, Parthasarathy S, Patterson TF, Peluso MJ, Sorochinsky C, Walker T, Wiegand SL, Wiley Z, Wisnivesky J, Ashktorab H, Foulkes A, Lee-Iannotti JK, Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery Consortium. Olfactory Dysfunction After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the RECOVER Adult Cohort. JAMA Netw Open 2025, 8: e2533815. PMID: 40996759, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.33815.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBlood pressure and metabolic outcomes after efavirenz‐ or dolutegravir‐based therapy started in acute HIV infection
Chan P, Moreland S, Sacdalan C, Colby D, Ocampo F, Promsena P, Sriplienchan S, Wattana J, Intasan J, Phanuphak N, Vasan S, Paul R, Trautmann L, Spudich S, Kroon E, Team T. Blood pressure and metabolic outcomes after efavirenz‐ or dolutegravir‐based therapy started in acute HIV infection. HIV Medicine 2025, 26: 1619-1625. PMID: 41047593, DOI: 10.1111/hiv.70085.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAltmetricConceptsAcute HIV infectionBody mass indexAntiretroviral therapyLow-density lipoproteinTotal cholesterolBlood pressureHIV infectionWorld Health OrganizationLevels of plasma HIV RNACD8+ T cell countsPre-existing cardiovascular risk factorsWeeks 0Dolutegravir-based therapyPlasma HIV RNAT-cell countsAntiretroviral therapy regimensAntiretroviral therapy initiationAntiretroviral therapy guidelinesHigher Body Mass IndexLevels of total cholesterolDiastolic blood pressureCardiovascular risk factorsHigh-density lipoproteinFiebig stagesHIV RNAInside out: TNFa-RII and sexualized drug use in acute HIV predicts persistent depressive symptoms despite antiretroviral therapy
Chavez J, Bolzenius J, Chan P, Cho K, Mannarino J, Sacdalan C, Farhadian S, Trautmann L, Ndhlovu L, Tipsuk S, Crowell T, Krebs S, Slike B, Suttichom D, Colby D, Phanuphak N, Kroon E, Vasan S, Sriplienchan S, Spudich S, Paul R, Carrico A. Inside out: TNFa-RII and sexualized drug use in acute HIV predicts persistent depressive symptoms despite antiretroviral therapy. Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health 2025, 48: 101079. PMID: 40808976, PMCID: PMC12345309, DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2025.101079.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute HIV infectionAnti-retroviral therapySuppressive anti-retroviral therapyViral loadAdherence to anti-retroviral therapyDepressive symptom trajectoriesPlasma viral loadPersistent depressive symptomsDepressive symptomsSexualized drug useAcute HIVAntiretroviral therapyLong-term neuropsychiatric consequencesHIV infectionPathophysiological alterationsDepressive disorderQuality of lifeSymptom trajectoriesDrug useOverall quality of lifeNeuropsychiatric consequencesLogistic regressionNitrite useReduced riskSymptomsCharacterizing Long COVID Symptoms During Early Childhood
Gross R, Thaweethai T, Salisbury A, Kleinman L, Mohandas S, Rhee K, Snowden J, Tantisira K, Warburton D, Wood J, Kinser P, Milner J, Rosenzweig E, Irby K, Flaherman V, Karlson E, Chibnik L, Pant D, Krishnamoorthy A, Gallagher R, Lamendola-Essel M, Hasson D, Katz S, Yin S, Dreyer B, Blancero F, Carmilani M, Coombs K, Fitzgerald M, Letts R, Peddie A, Foulkes A, Stockwell M, Darden P, Dixon L, Evans D, Garbe C, Hobart-Porter L, Howard L, Hummel K, Krehbiel H, Spradlin H, Yount P, Adam G, Angal J, Barber M, Clark K, Dos Reis C, Freesemann M, Friedrich C, Hockett C, Johannsen R, Johnson-Vonk E, Kaiser C, Kruse A, Lang J, Lim P, McCoy M, Miller L, Petereit (Cerkovnik) S, RiChard (Werpy) J, Seiler J, Sundleaf B, Svendsen J, Trosper B, Vermeulen O, Young S, Dabney S, Fahrner M, Gallagher T, Martini K, McNally M, Vivensi Stiverson S, Balaraman V, Cheung J, Hong T, Kalua S, Minami E, Siu A, Tong M, Dantas M, Kasmarcak T, Milks K, Ikomi C, Meyer M, Nguyen C, Pellicciotti G, Phan T, Ravin K, Reynolds V, Strang A, Thacker D, Eckrich D, Goetter A, Katz C, Kowal K, McDevitt C, Agosto Roman G, Alshawabkeh A, Ayala Ortiz I, Casey V, Cordero J, De Jesus J, Galan Rivera C, Huerta-Montanez G, Otero N, Rivera Robles M, Roman P, Roman G, Rosario-Pabon Z, Santiago X, Velez-Vega C, Vergara C, Albarado B, Allen T, Attuso A, Ayers T, Bebler E, Bella G, Bennett A, Brown J, Carville A, Darby S, Devall K, Dragg A, Elderedge A, Fontenot E, Fry G, Gildersleeve B, Goff S, Harrington L, Jones L, Kaiser V, Lee Y, Lee S, LeJeune E, Leonhard R, Levatino J, Lewis D, Lloyd A, Monce R, Munro S, Phillips M, Pucheu B, Rachal E, Rood J, Roussel S, Rumsey R, Sanford C, Santos M, Stafford A, Thomassie A, Waguespack C, Walgamotte K, Welch M, Windham A, Bell T, Boyd J, Dasgupta S, Deans S, Harris K, Hemmerle M, King S, McGuire C, Merten B, Morris S, Ray M, Reinhardt B, Shemwell S, Simeon T, Walker K, Watson S, Weakley K, Figliomeni J, Fischer L, Hoover D, Morse M, Nabower A, Roberts E, Sato A, Von Bon J, Archuleta D, Brito R, Campbell R, Chavez J, Dehority W, Garcia-Soberanez N, Gronert E, Kadish M, Larrabee J, Lovato D, Luo K, Martinez N, Merlino A, Reese E, Ward S, Wilson K, Brown R, Butchee R, Fergeson G, McKee R, Mohler B, Moore T, Owens V, Stubbs S, VanWagoner T, Bethel M, Chassereau L, Lahiri T, Lake L, Moffett K, Polak E, Stutler S, Workman C, Carpenter E, Dhindsa I, Mejia S, Moghadam N, Mulder C, O'Neil S, Osornio A, Rios A, Rosen S, Smith A, Tabibi D, Tang S, Teame A, Stockwell M, Anderson B, Aquino T, Berg E, Caddle S, Catallozzi M, Chung W, Connors T, De A, Diaz Perez A, DiLorenzo M, Dumitriu D, Farooqi K, Fremed M, Goldman S, Kaplan K, Krishnan U, Layton A, Lignelli-Dipple A, McClaren S, Overdevest J, Rodriguez M, Selman J, Silver W, Silverio R, Valdez de Romero A, Vargas C, Caputo D, Leggieri C, Pretsch P, Davis K, Griffith M, Harris D, Macario E, Steffes J, Torres A, Day C, Howell K, Mains M, Bean E, DeFelice C, El Chebib H, Herbst K, Lesmes S, Santos M, Schulman N, Brooks-Greien A, Colin K, Juarez-Colunga A, Manning B, Shields J, York D, Griswold J, Lee D, Nowakowski A, Riordan M, Aamir R, Abuzahrieh M, Bangalore N, Brown A, Dalton W, Fortuna S, Minium J, Rosolowski B, Ahmed A, Braniecki S, Contreras M, Jain S, Kaseta S, Messer Z, Ramirez A, Singh A, WIlliams R, Akerlundh A, Akshoomoff N, Arroyo M, Barrientos W, Bhattacharjee R, Chao B, Diaz M, Garcia S, Garcia S, Gomez G, Herrera T, Holguin M, Khare M, Kiernan E, Landeo Gutierrez J, Matta I, Reyes S, Ryu J, Sanchez C, Schreck A, Warner M, Cerracchio L, Folnagy A, Gzemski S, Hao Y, Li S, Moroso S, Ness-Cochinwala M, Patel A, Richlin B, Sharma H, Soto D, Suarez C, Vargas Forero B, Ricciardi E, Trespalacios V, Kluko M, Rhee K, Tantisira K, Acosta Valle D, Chao B, Choudhary A, Glenn-Arroyo M, Kiernan E, Landeo-Gutierrez J, Madan A, McConnaughey K, Ramos Vallejo L, Sanchez C, Suarez M, Caldas S, Castro Ovalle T, Chung A, Farkas J, Isidoro-Chino M, Kesebir D, Kim E, Quarless A, Schlechter A, Srinivasan R, Barry F, Burton P, Cano Lorente R, Cummins C, Wehbe S, Espinoza J, Moyer S, Rider A, Russell S, Schecter M, Stevenson L, Burns J, Spudich S, Bailey C, Cicek M, Cortez M, Davis Blakley F, Goff D, Lasky-Su J, Newman L, Ofotokun I, Seshadri S, Stone J, Taylor B, Utz P, Williams N, Abella J, Barnette Q, Bevc C, Beverly J, Ceger P, Croxford J, Cunningham E, Enger M, Fain K, Farris T, Hanlon S, Hines D, Johnson-Lawrence V, Jordan K, Lefebvre C, Linas B, Luukinen B, Mandal M, McKoy N, Nance S, Oakland A, Pasquarelli D, Quiner C, Sembajwe R, Shaw G, Thornburg V, Tosco K, Wright H, Hochman J, Horwitz L, Katz S, Troxel A, Adler L, Akinbo P, Almenana R, Bello O, Bhuiyan S, Blachman N, Branski R, Briscoe J, Brosnahan S, Bueler E, Burgos Y, Caplin N, Chaplin D, Chen Y, Cheng S, Choe P, Choi J, Chung A, Church R, Cobos S, Croft N, Cruz Irving A, Del Boccio P, Díaz I, Doshi V, Ebel S, Faustin A, Febres E, Fine J, Fink S, Frontera J, Gonzalez-Duarte A, Hill S, Islam S, Johnson S, Kansal N, Kenney R, Kewlani D, Laynor G, Leon T, Lewczak Z, Linton J, Logan M, Malik N, Mamistvalova L, Mandel H, Maranga G, Mathews P, Mattoo A, Mei T, Mendelsohn A, Mercier E, Millar Vernetti P, Miller M, Mitchell M, Moreira A, Mudumbi P, Nahin E, Nair N, Nekulak J, Owens K, Parent B, Patibandla N, Petrov P, Postelnicu R, Randall I, Rao P, Rapkiewicz A, Rizzo J, Rosas J, Rose C, Saint-Jean C, Santacatterina M, Shah B, Shaukat A, Simon N, Simsir A, Stinson M, Tang W, Tatapudi V, Thawani S, Thomas M, Thorpe L, Tom M, Treiha E, Truong J, Udosen M, Velazquez-Perez J, Vernetti P, Vidal C, Viswanathan A, Wong C, Wood M, Wuller S, Young C, Zaretsky J, Zavlunova S, Foulkes A, Murphy S, Ahirwar S, Ainsworth L, Ajani S, Alsheikh A, Atchley-Challenner R, Avilach P, Balan T, Benik N, Benoit B, Bonaventura W, Boutin N, Brion B, Cagan A, Cai T, Cao T, Castro V, Cerretani X, Ciriello M, Costenbader K, Dimitrov D, Estiri H, Fang M, Fayad M, Feldman C, Gainer V, Ghosh B, Gollub R, Harris A, Helmer K, Hendrix A, Holzbach A, Huang W, Kaufman D, Keogh D, Kerr J, Klann J, Lasky-Su J, Liao K, MacFadden D, Maram A, Martel M, Mendis M, Metta R, Monteiro J, Morales E, Nazaire M, Neils G, Norman J, Paik H, Park H, Qian Z, Rossi-Roh K, Santacroce L, Selvaggi C, Simons W, Simpson L, Strasser Z, Tariq A, Thorn M, Trewett P, Van Fleet D, Wagholikar K, Wang H, Wang T, Wattanasin N, Weber G, Williams M, Flotte T, Boysen E, Chang N, Ellingworth E, Frisch E, Welch G, Yusuf A, Zahnle N, Cerda M, Clash V, Taylor B, Zissis M, Akintonwa T, Brown H, Copeland D, Hall Y, kondo K, Lerma L, Lindsay J, Marti H, Maughan C, Minor T, Vincent H, Blomkalns A, Bassett I, Clifton R, Davis H, Erdmann N, Gage Witvliet M, Goldberg M, Guan Z, Jain M, Klein J, Martinez T, McGrath R, Parthasarathy S, Pemu P, Rutter J, Aschner J, Atz A, Banerjee D, Bogie A, Bukulmez H, Clouser K, Cottrell L, Cowan K, D’Sa V, Dozor A, Elliott A, Faustino E, Fiks A, Gaur S, Gennaro M, Gordon S, Hasan U, Hester C, Hogan A, Hsia D, Kaelber D, Kosut J, Krishnan S, McCulloh R, Michelow I, Nolan S, Oliveira C, Olson L, Pace W, Palumbo P, Raissy H, Reyes A, Ross J, Salazar J, Selvarangan R, Stein C, Stevenson M, Teufel R, Werzberger A, Westfall J, Zani K, Zempsky W, Zimmerman E, Bind M, Chan J, Guan Z, Morse R, Reeder H, Metz T, Newburger J, Truong D. Characterizing Long COVID Symptoms During Early Childhood. JAMA Pediatrics 2025, 179: 781-792. PMID: 40554463, PMCID: PMC12117493, DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2025.1066.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricConceptsPreschool-aged childrenAge groupsCohort studyLong COVIDHistory of SARS-CoV-2 infectionPoorer overall healthUS health careLongitudinal cohort studySARS-CoV-2 infectionDry coughCommunity settingsHealth careMain OutcomesSymptom SurveyInfection historyLong COVID symptomsOverall healthVulnerable populationsPerceived delayEarly childhoodProlonged symptomsHigher scoresOlder ageInfants/toddlersStudy dataGreater Accumulation of Brain White Matter Hyperintensities in People Diagnosed and Treated During Acute HIV Compared With People Without HIV
Holroyd K, Chan P, Sacdalan C, Dumrongpisutikul N, Sriplienchan S, Promensa P, Sailasuta P, Pothisri M, Puttamaswin S, Vasan S, Valcour V, Trautmann L, Spudich S, Paul R, Bolenzius J, Team A. Greater Accumulation of Brain White Matter Hyperintensities in People Diagnosed and Treated During Acute HIV Compared With People Without HIV. Neurology 2025, 104: e213591. PMID: 40327828, PMCID: PMC12060792, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000213591.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsAcute HIV infectionAntiretroviral therapyWhite matter hyperintensitiesWMH changeViral suppressionHIV infectionBaseline CD4+ T-cell countVascular comorbiditiesCD4+ T-cell countIncreased rate of ischemic strokeUndetectable plasma viral loadT2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequencesPlasma viral loadT-cell countsAntiretroviral therapy initiationEarly ART initiationFluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequencesBrain white matter hyperintensityHistory of psychiatric disordersFollow-up periodRate of ischemic strokeRepeated-measures ANOVAIncreased risk of strokeTwo-year follow-upExposure to HIVPharmacokinetic approaches to standardize antiviral exposure in cerebrospinal fluid.
Avedissian SN, Mu Y, McCarthy C, Bosch RJ, Spudich S, Gandhi RT, McMahon DK, Eron JJ, Mellors JW, Liu J, Podany AT, Fletcher CV. Pharmacokinetic approaches to standardize antiviral exposure in cerebrospinal fluid. Pharmacotherapy 2025, 45: 251-263. PMID: 40152440, DOI: 10.1002/phar.70013.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
Clinical Trials
Current Trials
Brain Connections & HIV Status
HIC ID2000033582RolePrincipal InvestigatorPrimary Completion Date12/31/2027Recruiting ParticipantsGenderBothAge18 years - 80 yearsAre you are currently experiencing brain fog from Long COVID?
HIC ID2000031278RoleSub InvestigatorPrimary Completion Date09/30/2026Recruiting ParticipantsVolunteers Needed for HIV & Health Study (HARC Plus)
HIC ID1502015318RolePrincipal InvestigatorPrimary Completion Date06/01/2025Recruiting ParticipantsEstablish and Characterize an Acute HIV Infection Cohort in a High Risk Population
HIC ID1111009338RolePrincipal InvestigatorPrimary Completion Date12/10/2021Recruiting ParticipantsGenderBothAge18+ years
Academic Achievements & Community Involvement
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Activities
activity Investigations in CNS HIV Reservoirs and HIV Cure
01/01/2013 - PresentResearchDetailsBangkok, ThailandAbstract/SynopsisA range of project in collaboration with investigators at SEARCH Thailand as well as from multiple US and international institutions to assess potential reservoirs for HIV in the nervous system as well as the impact of therapeutic interventions aimed to reduce HIV in the brain.
activity Effects of Acute HIV Infection in the Central Nervous System
01/01/2011 - PresentResearchDetailsBangkok, ThailandAbstract/SynopsisClinical and translational research investigating the nervous system during acute HIV infection, and the impact of early antiretroviral therapy.
Clinical Care
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Overview
Serena Spudich, MD, MA, is one of only a few neurologists in the United States with specialized training in infections of the nervous system and a clinical practice focusing on neurological issues in patients with HIV.
She primarily cares for patients with HIV who suffer from such neurological problems as cognitive disturbances, memory loss and infections. “Many of these are directly related to HIV,” she says. In addition, she consults with patients who have such infections of the nervous system as Lyme disease and West Nile virus, and those with general neurological disorders.
A professor of neurology at Yale School of Medicine and division chief of neurological infections and global neurology, Dr. Spudich strongly believes patients can lead longer and healthier lives when HIV is diagnosed and treated early. “The example that one patient has proven to be cured of HIV, which was previously thought to be an ‘incurable’ disease, brings hope to the 37 million people worldwide infected with HIV, and to those with other chronic infections that impact the brain,” she says.
Clinical Specialties
Fact Sheets
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Learn More on Yale Medicine
Board Certifications
Neurology
- Certification Organization
- AB of Psychiatry & Neurology
- Latest Certification Date
- 2023
- Original Certification Date
- 2003
Yale Medicine News
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News
- February 24, 2025
NIMH Grant Advances Research into Long COVID and Related Brain Changes
- July 22, 2024
New Evidence Supports Autoimmunity as One of Long COVID’s Underlying Drivers
- July 10, 2024
Highlighting Yale’s Neuroscience Research
- May 29, 2024Source: Yale Medicine
Long COVID Brain Fog: What It Is and How to Manage It
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Contacts
Locations
Neuroinfectious Disease Research Program
Lab
135 College Street, Fl 3
New Haven, CT 06510
Patient Care Locations
Are You a Patient? View this doctor's clinical profile on the Yale Medicine website for information about the services we offer and making an appointment.