2004
The association of community violence exposure with middle-school achievement: A prospective study
Henrich C, Schwab-Stone M, Fanti K, Jones S, Ruchkin V. The association of community violence exposure with middle-school achievement: A prospective study. Journal Of Applied Developmental Psychology 2004, 25: 327-348. DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2004.04.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDepressive symptomsViolence exposureCommunity violence exposureProspective studyLow levelsLong-term effectsAcademic achievementParent supportUrban childrenCommunity violenceUrban middle school studentsSymptomsMiddle school achievementLongitudinal effectsExposureMiddle school studentsAcademic performanceFeelings of safetyDifferent patternsLevelsLarge sample
2003
Violence Exposure and Substance Use in Adolescents: Findings From Three Countries
Vermeiren R, Schwab-Stone M, Deboutte D, Leckman P, Ruchkin V. Violence Exposure and Substance Use in Adolescents: Findings From Three Countries. Pediatrics 2003, 111: 535-540. PMID: 12612233, DOI: 10.1542/peds.111.3.535.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsViolence exposureSubstance usePsychosocial health problemsProspective studyHard drug useDrug useHealth problemsAdolescent exposureSubstance abuseUS adolescentsAlcohol useSelf-report surveyCommunity violenceAdolescentsMarijuana useExposureCurrent findingsOwn violent behaviorAdditional researchNew HavenViolent behaviorFindingsSmokingUrban communities