2017
Mecamylamine treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized controlled trial
Petrakis IL, Ralevski E, Gueorguieva R, O'Malley SS, Arias A, Sevarino KA, Jane JS, O'Brien E, Krystal JH. Mecamylamine treatment for alcohol dependence: a randomized controlled trial. Addiction 2017, 113: 6-14. PMID: 28710873, PMCID: PMC5725262, DOI: 10.1111/add.13943.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHeavy drinking daysDrinking daysAlcohol use disorderUse disordersAlcohol consumptionAlcohol dependenceDouble-blind clinical trialNicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonistWeeks of treatmentAcetylcholine receptor antagonistCurrent alcohol dependenceSignificant differencesTreatment-seeking smokersMecamylamine treatmentPlacebo groupMonth 3Primary outcomeSmoking statusNicotine withdrawalReceptor antagonistNovel pharmacotherapiesClinical trialsManagement therapyMecamylamineTreatment groups
2008
Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of the Serotonin Transporter and 5-HT1A Receptor in Alcohol Dependence
Martinez D, Slifstein M, Gil R, Hwang DR, Huang Y, Perez A, Frankle WG, Laruelle M, Krystal J, Abi-Dargham A. Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of the Serotonin Transporter and 5-HT1A Receptor in Alcohol Dependence. Biological Psychiatry 2008, 65: 175-180. PMID: 18962444, PMCID: PMC2621104, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.08.034.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsType II alcoholismSerotonergic transmissionControl subjectsTransporter levelsAlcohol-dependent subjectsNonspecific partition coefficientEmission Tomography ImagingPositron emission tomography (PET) imagingSeverity of alcoholismDifferent brain regionsTwo-tissue compartment modelSerotonin innervationTransporter availabilityAlcoholic subjectsRodent modelsAlcohol dependenceDisease severitySignificant negative correlationBrain regionsSerotonin transporterSubjects SubjectsAlcoholismTomography imagingSignificant differencesPatients
2001
Naltrexone in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence
Krystal J, Cramer J, Krol W, Kirk G, Rosenheck R. Naltrexone in the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence. New England Journal Of Medicine 2001, 345: 1734-1739. PMID: 11742047, DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa011127.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMonths of placeboSevere alcohol dependenceAlcohol dependencePlacebo-controlled evaluationUse of naltrexoneOpiate receptor antagonistTreatment of menSignificant differencesPercentage of daysStudy medicationNaltrexone groupPlacebo groupNumber of drinksAlcoholics Anonymous meetingsPsychosocial treatmentsNaltrexoneDrug AdministrationPatientsMonthsIndividual counselingNumber of daysPlaceboTreatmentWeeksDays
1999
[123I]Iomazenil SPECT benzodiazepine receptor imaging in schizophrenia
Verhoeff N, Soares J, D’Souza C, Gil R, Degen K, Abi-Dargham A, Zoghbi S, Fujita M, Rajeevan N, Seibyl J, Krystal J, van Dyck C, Charney D, Innis R. [123I]Iomazenil SPECT benzodiazepine receptor imaging in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research 1999, 91: 163-173. PMID: 10641580, DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4927(99)00027-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDuration of illnessHealthy control subjectsControl subjectsGamma-aminobutyric acidLeft precentral gyrusSuperior occipital gyrusPANSS scoresPrecentral gyrusOccipital gyrusSignificant differencesTotal brain uptakeNon-smoking patientsGray matter atrophyConstant infusion paradigmPathophysiology of schizophreniaCortical brain regionsSingle photon emissionTypical antipsychoticsAtypical antipsychoticsCigarette smokingInhibitory neurotransmissionBrain uptakeInfusion paradigmMatter atrophyPostmortem studies
1991
NO Association Between an Allele at the D2 Dopamine Receptor Gene (DRD2) and Alcoholism
Gelernter J, O'Malley S, Risch N, Kranzler HR, Krystal J, Merikangas K, Kennedy JL, Kidd KK. NO Association Between an Allele at the D2 Dopamine Receptor Gene (DRD2) and Alcoholism. JAMA 1991, 266: 1801-1807. PMID: 1832467, DOI: 10.1001/jama.1991.03470130081033.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsControl groupA1 allelePopulation control groupPhysical withdrawal symptomsRandom population controlsSignificant differencesAge of onsetRecent alcohol consumptionAllele frequenciesD2 dopamine receptor geneAntisocial personality disorderWithdrawal symptomsFamily historyAlcoholic subjectsDirect structured interviewsGroup overallAllelic associationDopamine receptor geneAlcohol consumptionAlcohol dependenceControl populationPositive allelic associationAlcoholismPersonality disorderWhite individuals