About
The Department of Anesthesiology relieves the suffering of those in need through the delivery of safe, effective, and timely anesthesia care, advances the field of anesthesiology through excellence in research, and strives to train the next generation of caregivers.
Research
Publications
2026
Prevention and Treatment of Maternal Stroke in Pregnancy and Postpartum
Miller E, Bello C, Chen P, Leffert L, Leppert M, Madsen T, Skeels K, Tita A, Valdes E, Shields A. Prevention and Treatment of Maternal Stroke in Pregnancy and Postpartum. Obstetrics And Gynecology 2026, 147: e43-e65. PMID: 41678811, DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000006197.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPregnancy-associated strokeStroke prevention strategiesPrevention strategiesPrimary stroke prevention strategiesMultidisciplinary rehabilitation teamLife-threatening complicationsPregnancy-related strokeAcute strokeRisk factor modificationSecondary stroke prevention strategiesMaternal-fetal medicine specialistsAcute stroke symptomsEvidence-based treatmentsPrompt treatmentRehabilitation teamLife-threatening complication of pregnancyStroke risk assessmentPostpartum recoveryPersistent disparitiesStroke hospitalizationsCesarean deliveryEvaluation of pregnant patientsVaginal deliveryNeurological careMaternal outcomesPrevention and Treatment of Maternal Stroke in Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Miller E, Bello N, Chen P, Leffert L, Leppert M, Madsen T, Skeels K, Tita A, Valdes E, Shields A, in the Young O. Prevention and Treatment of Maternal Stroke in Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Stroke 2026, 57: e127-e145. PMID: 41603019, DOI: 10.1161/str.0000000000000514.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPregnancy-associated strokeStroke prevention strategiesPrevention strategiesPrimary stroke prevention strategiesMultidisciplinary rehabilitation teamLife-threatening complicationsScientific statementPregnancy-related strokeAcute strokeRisk factor modificationSecondary stroke prevention strategiesMaternal-fetal medicine specialistsAmerican Heart AssociationAcute stroke symptomsEvidence-based treatmentsRehabilitation teamPrompt treatmentLife-threatening complication of pregnancyPostpartum recoveryStroke risk assessmentPersistent disparitiesStroke hospitalizationsCesarean deliveryVaginal deliveryNeurological care
2025
Postdural puncture headache in obstetrics: revisiting long-term outcomes while reframing risk, consent, and postpartum follow-up
Delgado C, Leffert L. Postdural puncture headache in obstetrics: revisiting long-term outcomes while reframing risk, consent, and postpartum follow-up. International Journal Of Obstetric Anesthesia 2025, 65: 104813. PMID: 41192040, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2025.104813.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchResponse to: “Regional anesthesia in the patient receiving antithrombotic or thrombolytic therapy: American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Evidence-Based Guidelines (fifth edition)” by Kopp et al
Kopp S, Vandermeulen E, McBane R, Perlas A, Leffert L, Horlocker T. Response to: “Regional anesthesia in the patient receiving antithrombotic or thrombolytic therapy: American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Evidence-Based Guidelines (fifth edition)” by Kopp et al. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 2025, rapm-2025-106881. PMID: 40484652, DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2025-106881.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEvidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines on Postdural Puncture Headache: A Consensus Report From a Multisociety International Working Group
Uppal V, Russell R, Sondekoppam R, Ansari J, Baber Z, Chen Y, DelPizzo K, Dirzu D, Kalagara H, Kissoon N, Kranz P, Leffert L, Lim G, Lobo C, Lucas D, Moka E, Rodriguez, Sehmbi H, Vallejo M, Volk T, Narouze S. Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines on Postdural Puncture Headache: A Consensus Report From a Multisociety International Working Group. Obstetric Anesthesia Digest 2025, 45: 61-63. DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001113000.54578.7c.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPostdural puncture headacheEvidence-based clinical practice guidelinesPuncture headacheClinical questionsManagement of postdural puncture headacheClinical practice guidelinesSpinal anesthesia administrationPrevention of postdural puncture headacheInternational Working GroupMedical careMedical specialtiesPractice guidelinesComplication of dural punctureDaily activitiesDural punctureLiterature searchWorking GroupConsensus reportPreventionAnesthesia administrationGuidelinesHeadacheCareMultisocietySpecialtyRegional anesthesia in the patient receiving antithrombotic or thrombolytic therapy: American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Evidence-Based Guidelines (fifth edition)
Kopp S, Vandermeulen E, McBane R, Perlas A, Leffert L, Horlocker T. Regional anesthesia in the patient receiving antithrombotic or thrombolytic therapy: American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Evidence-Based Guidelines (fifth edition). Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 2025, rapm-2024-105766. PMID: 39880411, DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2024-105766.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAmerican Society of Regional AnesthesiaDeep venous thrombosisEvidence-based guidelinesRegional anesthesiaThrombolytic therapyComplications associated with regional anesthesiaRecurrent deep venous thrombosisAmerican SocietyRandomized Controlled TrialsAnticoagulant doseNeural blockadeVenous thrombosisCase seriesCatastrophic complicationPatient characteristicsClinical trialsHigh dosesPatientsPublished guidelinesControlled TrialsPainAnesthesiaPatient safetyTherapyDoseChapter 27 Anesthetic considerations for patients with neurologic disorders in pregnancy
Rubin P, Leffert L. Chapter 27 Anesthetic considerations for patients with neurologic disorders in pregnancy. 2025, 289-295. DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-443-21707-4.00027-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNeuraxial anesthesiaNeurological disordersReports of adverse outcomesPregnant patientsLaboring patientsLabor floorNeuraxial proceduresCase reportAnesthetic alternativeAnesthetic considerationsAdverse outcomesEvidence-based literaturePatientsIncrease patient satisfactionPatient satisfactionPregnancyNeurological conditionsAnesthesiaDisordersFetusesPathophysiology
2024
Postdural puncture headache: Beyond the evidence
Berg A, Lucas D, Leffert L. Postdural puncture headache: Beyond the evidence. Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology 2024, 38: 267-277. PMID: 39764816, DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2024.11.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPostdural puncture headacheCalcitonin gene-related peptideAccidental dural punctureCerebrospinal fluidRelease of calcitonin gene-related peptideManagement of postdural puncture headacheTreat postdural puncture headacheLabor epidural analgesiaGene-related peptideAutonomic nervous systemCerebrospinal fluid dynamicsEvidence-based recommendationsEpidural analgesiaPuncture headacheDural punctureIntrathecal catheterNeuraxial proceduresCSF lossSphenopalatine ganglionAssociated with activationCerebral arteryCerebral vasodilationChronic manifestationsTherapeutic strategiesRoutine useFentanyl in the Labor Epidural Impacts the Results of Intrapartum and Postpartum Maternal and Neonatal Toxicology Tests
Siegel M, Mahowald G, Uljon S, James K, Leffert L, Sullivan M, Hernandez S, Gray J, Schiff D, Bernstein S. Fentanyl in the Labor Epidural Impacts the Results of Intrapartum and Postpartum Maternal and Neonatal Toxicology Tests. Obstetric Anesthesia Digest 2024, 44: 47-48. DOI: 10.1097/01.aoa.0001005456.46508.bf.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchEvidence-based clinical practice guidelines on postdural puncture headache: infographics
Uppal V, Russell R, Kalagara H, Leffert L, Narouze S. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on postdural puncture headache: infographics. Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 2024, 49: 502-504. PMID: 38373816, DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2024-105280.Peer-Reviewed Original Research