Robin de Graaf, PhD
Professor of Radiology and Biomedical ImagingCards
Appointments
Contact Info
Radiology & Biomedical Imaging
PO Box 208042, Tompkin's East 2
New Haven, CT 06520-8042
United States
About
Titles
Professor of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging
Appointments
Radiology & Biomedical Imaging
ProfessorPrimary
Other Departments & Organizations
- Bioimaging Sciences
- Dean's Workshops
- Deuterium Metabolic Imaging (DMI)
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Quantitative Neuroscience with Magnetic Resonance
- Radiology & Biomedical Imaging
- Yale Ventures
Education & Training
- PhD
- Utrecht University (1998)
- Ph.D. student
- Utrecht University (1994)
Research
Overview
The main focus of Dr. Robin de Graaf's research is the study of cerebral energy metabolism and its relationship to functional activation in human and animal brains. NMR spectroscopy (proton, (inverse) carbon-13, oxygen-17 and phosphorus-31) is the most important tool in the study of metabolic processes and fluxes, non-invasively in vivo. Besides studying brain energy metabolism, a significant part of the research is reserved for technological and methodological improvements to the technique of NMR spectroscopy. These include methods for better water suppression, spatial localization, spectral editing, quantification, and shimming. Dr. de Graaf's current research focus covers areas that are all related to tackling the challenges and grasping the opportunities of MR at very high magnetic fields. Developing methods to achieve magnetic field uniformity throughout the human and animal brain are central to the technological innovation of his research. The problem of magnetic field inhomogeneity is tackled through dynamic shimming and through the use of novel electrical coil element arrays. 13C NMR methods have been pioneered at the Yale MRRC and part of his research is to extend those methods to achieve 3D coverage, higher sensitivity (through 1H detection), and higher specificity (e.g., GABA turnover detection).
Software Download:
1. Multi-coil shimming of the human brain at 7 T.
2. 3D metabolic flux mapping on rat brain in situ.
3. Development of 1H[13C] NMR methods at 7 T.
4. Compensation of gradient-related magnetic field perturbations.
5. 1H NMR-based metabolomics.
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Research at a Glance
Yale Co-Authors
Publications Timeline
Research Interests
Henk De Feyter, PhD
Douglas Rothman, PhD
Graeme Mason, PhD
D. S. Fahmeed Hyder, PhD
James Duncan, PhD
John Onofrey, PhD
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Energy Metabolism
Publications
2024
Indirect 1H–[13C] MRS of the human brain at 7 T using a 13C‐birdcage coil and eight transmit–receive 1H‐dipole antennas with a 32‐channel 1H‐receive array
Jacobs S, Prompers J, van der Kemp W, van der Velden T, Gosselink M, Meliadò E, Hoogduin H, Mason G, de Graaf R, Miller C, Bredael G, van der Kolk A, Alborahal C, Klomp D, Wiegers E. Indirect 1H–[13C] MRS of the human brain at 7 T using a 13C‐birdcage coil and eight transmit–receive 1H‐dipole antennas with a 32‐channel 1H‐receive array. NMR In Biomedicine 2024, e5195. PMID: 38845018, DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5195.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAltmetricConceptsStimulated echo acquisition modeSignal-to-noise ratioSlice-selective excitationAdiabatic selective refocusingUltra-high fieldIncreased spectral dispersionEcho acquisition modeSpectral dispersionVoxel positionSemi-localPhantomAcquisition modeElectromagnetic simulationsHuman brainSAR limitsExcitationBi-frontalSLASERHealthy volunteersSpectraLipid removal in deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) using spatial prior knowledge
de Graaf R, Liu Y, Corbin Z, De Feyter H. Lipid removal in deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) using spatial prior knowledge. Magnetic Resonance 2024, 5: 21-31. DOI: 10.5194/mr-5-21-2024.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAltmetric
2023
Measurement of neuro‐energetics and neurotransmission in the rat olfactory bulb using 1H and 1H–[13C] NMR spectroscopy
Chowdhury G, Behar K, Mason G, Rothman D, de Graaf R. Measurement of neuro‐energetics and neurotransmission in the rat olfactory bulb using 1H and 1H–[13C] NMR spectroscopy. NMR In Biomedicine 2023, 37: e4957. PMID: 37088548, PMCID: PMC10590826, DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4957.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricDesign and realization of a multi‐coil array for B0 field control in a compact 1.5T head‐only MRI scanner
Theilenberg S, Shang Y, Ghazouani J, Kumaragamage C, Nixon T, McIntyre S, Vaughan J, Parkinson B, Garwood M, de Graaf R, Juchem C. Design and realization of a multi‐coil array for B0 field control in a compact 1.5T head‐only MRI scanner. Magnetic Resonance In Medicine 2023, 90: 1228-1241. PMID: 37145035, PMCID: PMC10330274, DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29692.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsMulti-coil arraysMC arraysDuty cycleGeneration capabilityT headNonlinear magnetic fieldHigh duty cycleThermal behaviorBench testingField controlRamp timeResidual imperfectionField generationScanner designMagnetic fieldMC hardwareLinear gradientMRI scannerArrayCapabilityDesignHardwareImage encodingFieldMagnetsMapping of exogenous choline uptake and metabolism in rat glioblastoma using deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI)
Ip K, Thomas M, Behar K, de Graaf R, De Feyter H. Mapping of exogenous choline uptake and metabolism in rat glioblastoma using deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI). Frontiers In Cellular Neuroscience 2023, 17: 1130816. PMID: 37187610, PMCID: PMC10175635, DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1130816.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricConceptsBrain tumorsNormal brainHigh tumorCholine uptakeRG2 cellsCholine infusionMetabolic imagingExogenous cholineMetabolic imaging techniquesDeuterium metabolic imagingIntravenous infusionRG2 tumorsTumor lesionsAnimal modelsCholine metabolismTumorsInfusionRat glioblastomaIntracellular cholineFree cholineHigh uptakeLesionsCholineRatsDeuterated cholineIn vivo imaging of cerebral glucose metabolism informs on subacute to chronic post-stroke tissue status – A pilot study combining PET and deuterium metabolic imaging
Meerwaldt A, Straathof M, Oosterveld W, van Heijningen C, van Leent M, Toner Y, Munitz J, Teunissen A, Daemen C, van der Toorn A, van Vliet G, van Tilborg G, De Feyter H, de Graaf R, Hol E, Mulder W, Dijkhuizen R. In vivo imaging of cerebral glucose metabolism informs on subacute to chronic post-stroke tissue status – A pilot study combining PET and deuterium metabolic imaging. Cerebrovascular And Brain Metabolism Reviews 2023, 43: 778-790. PMID: 36606595, PMCID: PMC10108187, DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221148970.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsConceptsTransient middle cerebral artery occlusionPositron emission tomographyGlucose metabolismPost-ischemic brain tissueMiddle cerebral artery occlusionFDG positron emission tomographyFluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographyMetabolic imagingSignificant glial activationAcute ischemic strokeCerebral artery occlusionCerebral energy metabolismDeuterium metabolic imagingActive glucose metabolismGlial activationRecanalization therapyArtery occlusionIschemic strokeStroke severityCerebral perfusionC57BL/6 micePoor outcomeElevated lactate productionPathophysiological changesBaseline values
2022
Flow-Based Visual Quality Enhancer for Super-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging
Dong S, Hangel G, Chen E, Sun S, Bogner W, Widhalm G, You C, Onofrey J, de Graaf R, Duncan J. Flow-Based Visual Quality Enhancer for Super-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging. Lecture Notes In Computer Science 2022, 13609: 3-13. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-18576-2_1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsConceptsAdversarial networkVisual qualityDeep learning-based super-resolution methodsLearning-based super-resolution methodsFlow-based modelImage visual qualityGenerative adversarial networkHigh visual qualitySuper-resolution methodSuper-resolved imagesGenerative modelHigh-resolution imagesImage modalitiesFlow-based methodNetworkLow spatial resolutionUncertainty estimationImagesPromising resultsEnhancer networkAnatomical informationHigh fidelityEssential toolDatasetQuality adjustmentMulti-scale Super-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging with Adjustable Sharpness
Dong S, Hangel G, Bogner W, Widhalm G, Rössler K, Trattnig S, You C, de Graaf R, Onofrey J, Duncan J. Multi-scale Super-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging with Adjustable Sharpness. Lecture Notes In Computer Science 2022, 13436: 410-420. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-16446-0_39.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsDeuterium metabolic imaging of the human brain in vivo at 7 T
Roig E, De Feyter HM, Nixon TW, Ruhm L, Nikulin AV, Scheffler K, Avdievich NI, Henning A, de Graaf R. Deuterium metabolic imaging of the human brain in vivo at 7 T. Magnetic Resonance In Medicine 2022, 89: 29-39. PMID: 36063499, PMCID: PMC9756916, DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29439.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCitationsAltmetricMeSH Keywords and ConceptsHuman brain POCE MRS at 7T using a 13C birdcage coil and 8 transmit-receive 1H antennas with a 32-channel 1H receive array
Jacobs S, Prompers J, van der Kemp W, van der Velden T, Gosselink M, Meliadò E, Hoogduin H, Mason G, de Graaf R, van der Kolk A, Alborahal C, Klomp D, Wiegers E. Human brain POCE MRS at 7T using a 13C birdcage coil and 8 transmit-receive 1H antennas with a 32-channel 1H receive array. Proceedings Of The International Society For Magnetic Resonance In Medicine ... Scientific Meeting And Exhibition. 2022 DOI: 10.58530/2022/1536.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConcepts
Clinical Trials
Current Trials
Impact of Hypoglycemia on Brain Ketone and Neurotransmitter Metabolism in Type 1 DM
HIC ID1208010648RoleSub InvestigatorPrimary Completion Date09/29/2022Recruiting ParticipantsGenderBothAge18+ years
Academic Achievements and Community Involvement
activity NMR at High Magnetic Fields
LectureInvited Lecturer, NMR at High Magnetic FieldsDetails01/01/2008 - PresentUtrecht, UT, NetherlandsSponsored by Utrecht UniversityAbstract/SynopsisInvited Lecturer, NMR at High Magnetic Fields
activity In vivo NMR spectroscopy at high magnetic fields
LectureHigh-field Magnetic Resonance in MedicineDetails01/01/2005 - PresentUtrecht, UT, NetherlandsSponsored by Utrecht UniversityAbstract/SynopsisInvited Lecturer, In vivo NMR spectroscopy at high magnetic fields, Symposium ‘High-field Magnetic Resonance in Medicine’
activity Energetic costs associated with glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission
LectureInvited Lecturer, Energetic costs associated with glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, BrainDetails01/01/2005 - PresentAmsterdam, North Holland, NetherlandsAbstract/SynopsisInvited Lecturer, Energetic costs associated with glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission, Brain
activity Theory of adiabatic RF pulses
LectureInvited Lecturer, Theory of adiabatic RF pulsesDetails01/01/1998 - PresentLondon, ON, CanadaSponsored by University of LondonAbstract/SynopsisInvited Lecturer, Theory of adiabatic RF pulses
Links & Media
Media
- MR technology developments are focused on magnetic field shaping to allow improved magnetic field homogeneity ('shimming'), spatial localization and novel MRI methods. Educational efforts are pursued via publications, lectures, books and on-line videos. Cerebral metabolism is studied with a range of MR spectroscopy methods, including 13C and 31P MRS as well as the novel deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) method.
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Contacts
Radiology & Biomedical Imaging
PO Box 208042, Tompkin's East 2
New Haven, CT 06520-8042
United States