Characteristics of autoantibody-positive individuals without high-risk HLA-DR4-DQ8 or HLA-DR3-DQ2 haplotypes
Redondo M, Cuthbertson D, Steck A, Herold K, Oram R, Atkinson M, Brusko T, Parikh H, Krischer J, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Rich S, Sosenko J. Characteristics of autoantibody-positive individuals without high-risk HLA-DR4-DQ8 or HLA-DR3-DQ2 haplotypes. Diabetologia 2024, 1-14. PMID: 39670998, DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06338-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchHLA-DR4-DQ8HLA-DR3-DQ2High-risk HLA haplotypesType 1 diabetesAutoantibody-positive individualsHLA haplotypesHLA-DR3-DQ2 haplotypeClinical type 1 diabetesType 1 diabetes pathogenesisPrevalence of autoantibodiesPrevalence of overweight/obesityIslet autoantibody-positive individualsAutoantibody-positive relativesHLA-DRB1Metabolic markersC-peptideIA-2DR3/DR4Aetiological heterogeneityYounger ageNon-Hispanic participantsPhenotypic differencesAssociated with phenotypic differencesPrevalenceRelatives of individuals