2024
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Faust J, Renton B, Bongiovanni T, Chen A, Sheares K, Du C, Essien U, Fuentes-Afflick E, Haywood T, Khera R, King T, Li S, Lin Z, Lu Y, Marshall A, Ndumele C, Opara I, Loarte-Rodriguez T, Sawano M, Taparra K, Taylor H, Watson K, Yancy C, Krumholz H. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Age-Specific All-Cause Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2438918. PMID: 39392630, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38918.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCOVID-19 public health emergencyNon-HispanicPublic health emergencyOther Pacific IslanderExcess mortalityAlaska NativesUS populationExcess deathsRates of excess mortalityCross-sectional study analyzed dataYears of potential lifeMortality relative riskNon-Hispanic whitesCross-sectional studyPacific IslandersStudy analyzed dataAll-cause mortalityEthnic groupsMortality disparitiesMortality ratioTotal populationDeath certificatesEthnic disparitiesMain OutcomesDecedent ageHypertension Trends and Disparities Over 12 Years in a Large Health System: Leveraging the Electronic Health Records
Brush J, Lu Y, Liu Y, Asher J, Li S, Sawano M, Young P, Schulz W, Anderson M, Burrows J, Krumholz H. Hypertension Trends and Disparities Over 12 Years in a Large Health System: Leveraging the Electronic Health Records. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2024, 13: e033253. PMID: 38686864, PMCID: PMC11179912, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033253.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectronic health recordsRegional health systemImprove hypertension careHealth systemHealth recordsHypertension careDiastolic blood pressureAge-adjusted prevalence ratesNon-Hispanic Black patientsPrevalence ratesLarger health systemCross-sectional analysisTransformation of medical dataLeveraging real-world dataHigh prevalence rateHypertension trendsHypertension prevalenceBlood pressureBlood pressure measurementsHypertension diagnosisPrimary outcomeNational trendsProportion of patientsAntihypertensive medicationsBlack patients
2023
National Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Use of Recommended Therapies in Adults with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, 1999-2020
Lu Y, Liu Y, Dhingra L, Caraballo C, Mahajan S, Massey D, Spatz E, Sharma R, Rodriguez F, Watson K, Masoudi F, Krumholz H. National Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Use of Recommended Therapies in Adults with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, 1999-2020. JAMA Network Open 2023, 6: e2345964. PMID: 38039001, PMCID: PMC10692850, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45964.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsCardiovascular DiseasesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansNutrition SurveysConceptsAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseHistory of ASCVDCross-sectional studyLifestyle modificationPharmacological medicationsOptimal careCurrent careUS adultsEthnic differencesWhite individualsGuideline-recommended therapiesTotal cholesterol controlNon-Hispanic white individualsNutrition Examination SurveyLatino individualsQuality of careSelf-reported raceStatin useRecommended TherapiesSecondary preventionCholesterol controlOptimal regimensSmoking cessationEligible participantsExamination SurveyExcess Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost Among the Black Population in the US, 1999-2020
Caraballo C, Massey D, Ndumele C, Haywood T, Kaleem S, King T, Liu Y, Lu Y, Nunez-Smith M, Taylor H, Watson K, Herrin J, Yancy C, Faust J, Krumholz H. Excess Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost Among the Black Population in the US, 1999-2020. JAMA 2023, 329: 1662-1670. PMID: 37191702, PMCID: PMC10189563, DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.7022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBlack or African AmericanBlack PeopleCross-Sectional StudiesEthnicityFemaleHealth PromotionHumansInfantLife ExpectancyMaleMiddle AgedMortalityUnited StatesWhiteConceptsExcess mortality ratesExcess deathsMortality ratePotential lifeWhite populationExcess mortalitySerial cross-sectional studyHighest excess mortality ratesBlack populationCause-specific mortalityCross-sectional studyHigh mortality rateNon-Hispanic whitesYears of lifeUS national dataMiddle-aged adultsCause mortalityHeart diseaseDeath certificatesNon-Hispanic black populationMAIN OUTCOMEAge groupsDisease controlMortalityBlack malesPrimary care institutional characteristics associated with hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in the China PEACE-Million Persons Project and primary health-care survey: a cross-sectional study
Group C, Zhou T, Wang Y, Zhang H, Wu C, Tian N, Cui J, Bai X, Yang Y, Zhang X, Lu Y, Spatz E, Ross J, Krumholz H, Lu J, Li X, Hu S. Primary care institutional characteristics associated with hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in the China PEACE-Million Persons Project and primary health-care survey: a cross-sectional study. The Lancet Global Health 2023, 11: e83-e94. PMID: 36521957, DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00428-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAntihypertensive AgentsChinaCross-Sectional StudiesHumansHypertensionPrimary Health CareConceptsProportion of participantsPrimary care institutionsHypertension awarenessPrimary care systemBlood pressureCare institutionsCardiac Events Million Persons ProjectAverage diastolic blood pressureMedical Sciences (CAMS) Innovation FundAverage systolic blood pressureCare systemMillion Persons ProjectHistory of hypertensionDiastolic blood pressurePrimary care surveySystolic blood pressureCardiovascular disease riskBlood pressure measurementsCross-sectional studyParticipant-level dataProportion of physiciansRoutine service deliveryPrimary care roleHealth Care SurveyPublic health services
2022
Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Barriers to Timely Medical Care Among Adults in the US, 1999 to 2018
Caraballo C, Ndumele CD, Roy B, Lu Y, Riley C, Herrin J, Krumholz HM. Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Barriers to Timely Medical Care Among Adults in the US, 1999 to 2018. JAMA Health Forum 2022, 3: e223856. PMID: 36306118, PMCID: PMC9617175, DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2022.3856.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBlack PeopleCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesEthnicityFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMaleMiddle AgedConceptsTimely medical careSerial cross-sectional studyNational Health Interview SurveyCross-sectional studyHealth Interview SurveyMedical careLack of transportationEthnic disparitiesHispanics/LatinosWhite individualsEthnicity groupsInterview SurveyCost of careSelf-reported raceStudy cohortClinic hoursMAIN OUTCOMEMedical officesCarePrevalenceLatino individualsBlack individualsSignificant differencesSignificant increasePopulation groupsRacial and Ethnic Disparities in Financial Barriers Among Overweight and Obese Adults Eligible for Semaglutide in the United States
Lu Y, Liu Y, Krumholz HM. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Financial Barriers Among Overweight and Obese Adults Eligible for Semaglutide in the United States. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2022, 11: e025545. PMID: 36172953, PMCID: PMC9673703, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.025545.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBlack or African AmericanCross-Sectional StudiesEthnicityGlucagon-Like PeptidesHumansNutrition SurveysObesityOverweightUnited StatesConceptsLow family incomeEligible populationUsual sourceHispanic adultsFinancial barriersEthnic disparitiesNutrition Examination Survey 2015Drug Administration labelingCross-sectional analysisFamily incomePercentage of adultsObese adultsNational HealthUS adultsSemaglutideEligibility criteriaSocial determinantsBlack adultsLarge proportionFinal analysisWeight lossHispanic individualsWhite individualsAdultsRisk reductionTemporal Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Multimorbidity Prevalence in the United States, 1999-2018
Caraballo C, Herrin J, Mahajan S, Massey D, Lu Y, Ndumele CD, Drye EE, Krumholz HM. Temporal Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Multimorbidity Prevalence in the United States, 1999-2018. The American Journal Of Medicine 2022, 135: 1083-1092.e14. PMID: 35472394, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.04.010.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultChronic DiseaseCross-Sectional StudiesEthnicityHumansMultimorbidityPrevalenceUnited StatesConceptsMultimorbidity prevalenceRace/ethnicityWhite individualsChronic conditionsBlack individualsSerial cross-sectional analysisCommon chronic conditionsRisk of morbidityPrevalence of multimorbidityPublic health interventionsCross-sectional analysisSelf-reported presenceSelf-reported raceLatino/HispanicMAIN OUTCOMEHealth interventionsEthnic disparitiesPrevalenceHealth inequalitiesStudy periodEarly lifeHispanic individualsTemporal trendsStudy sampleAsian individualsEvaluation of Temporal Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Sleep Duration Among US Adults, 2004-2018
Caraballo C, Mahajan S, Valero-Elizondo J, Massey D, Lu Y, Roy B, Riley C, Annapureddy AR, Murugiah K, Elumn J, Nasir K, Nunez-Smith M, Forman HP, Jackson CL, Herrin J, Krumholz HM. Evaluation of Temporal Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Sleep Duration Among US Adults, 2004-2018. JAMA Network Open 2022, 5: e226385. PMID: 35389500, PMCID: PMC8990329, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.6385.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultBlack PeopleCross-Sectional StudiesEthnicityFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMaleMiddle AgedSleepConceptsCross-sectional studyLong sleep durationSleep durationWhite individualsBlack individualsLatino individualsEthnic differencesSerial cross-sectional studyNational Health Interview Survey dataHealth Interview Survey dataSelf-reported sleep durationShort sleep durationInterview Survey dataMiddle-aged adultsSelf-reported raceEstimated prevalenceMAIN OUTCOMELong sleepSleep deficiencyHigher household incomeEthnic disparitiesAge groupsHealth disparitiesPrevalenceSleep disparities