1999
The role of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in anoxic injury of spinal cord white matter
Imaizumi T, Kocsis J, Waxman S. The role of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels in anoxic injury of spinal cord white matter. Brain Research 1999, 817: 84-92. PMID: 9889329, DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01214-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVoltage-gated Ca2Spinal cord axonsAnoxic injuryDorsal columnsR-type voltage-gated Ca2N-type calcium channelsSpinal cord white matterRat dorsal columnsDorsal column axonsR-type Ca2Rat spinal cordCord white matterT-type channelsInflux of Ca2Dose-dependent mannerLoss of conductionAxonal conductionSpinal cordChannel blockersCalcium channelsSurface stimulationWhite matterPerfusion solutionInjuryGlass microelectrodes
1998
Effects of Glucose Deprivation, Chemical Hypoxia, and Simulated Ischemia on Na+ Homeostasis in Rat Spinal Cord Astrocytes
Rose C, Waxman S, Ransom B. Effects of Glucose Deprivation, Chemical Hypoxia, and Simulated Ischemia on Na+ Homeostasis in Rat Spinal Cord Astrocytes. Journal Of Neuroscience 1998, 18: 3554-3562. PMID: 9570787, PMCID: PMC6793162, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.18-10-03554.1998.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornAntimetabolitesAstrocytesBenzofuransCell HypoxiaDeoxyglucoseEnergy MetabolismEnzyme InhibitorsEthers, CyclicExcitatory Amino Acid AgonistsFluorescent DyesFluorides, TopicalGlucoseGlycolysisHomeostasisIschemiaKainic AcidNeurotoxinsOuabainRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySodiumSodium AzideSodium FluorideSodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPaseSpinal CordTetrodotoxinConceptsSpinal cord astrocytesChemical hypoxiaGlucose deprivationEnergy failureCultured spinal cord astrocytesGlutamatergic agonist kainateGlucose salineGlutamate reuptakeVivo ischemiaSpinal cordGlial functionMetabolic insultsSimulated ischemiaAgonist kainateIschemiaStandard salineAstrocytesSalineHypoxiaIntracellular ion concentrationsGlucose removalExtracellular spaceDeprivationL-lactateReperfusion
1994
Astrocyte Na+ channels are required for maintenance of Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity
Sontheimer H, Fernandez-Marques E, Ullrich N, Pappas C, Waxman S. Astrocyte Na+ channels are required for maintenance of Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity. Journal Of Neuroscience 1994, 14: 2464-2475. PMID: 8182422, PMCID: PMC6577452, DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.14-05-02464.1994.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAnimals, NewbornAstrocytesAstrocytomaCell LineCells, CulturedElectrophysiologyGanglia, SpinalGliomaMembrane PotentialsModels, BiologicalOuabainRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyRubidiumSodiumSodium ChannelsSodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPaseStrophanthidinTetrodotoxinTime FactorsTumor Cells, CulturedConceptsEffects of TTXGlial cellsAction potential electrogenesisRat spinal cordPatch-clamp recordingsAstrocyte membrane potentialDose-dependent mannerVoltage-activated channelsAcute blockadeSpinal cordVoltage-activated ion channelsSpecific blockerATPase activityAstrocytesTTXAstrocyte deathAction potentialsUnidirectional influxBlockadeExcitable cellsIon channelsOuabainExtracellular spaceMembrane potentialIon levels
1993
Molecular dissection of the myelinated axon
Waxman S, Ritchie J. Molecular dissection of the myelinated axon. Annals Of Neurology 1993, 33: 121-136. PMID: 7679565, DOI: 10.1002/ana.410330202.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMyelinated axonsInternodal axon membraneDemyelinated axonsCentral nervous system white matterNervous system white matterRestoration of conductionImportant therapeutic approachSchwann cell processesWhite matter axonsInflux of Ca2Important pathophysiological implicationsGlial cell processesAction potential conductionAxonal excitabilityGlial cellsAnoxic injuryMyelinated fibersTherapeutic approachesAstrocyte processesCell processesPathophysiological implicationsRepetitive firingWhite matterNeurological disordersAction potentials