2003
The epidural test dose in obstetric anesthesia: it is not obsolete
Gaiser R. The epidural test dose in obstetric anesthesia: it is not obsolete. Journal Of Clinical Anesthesia 2003, 15: 474-477. PMID: 14652129, DOI: 10.1016/s0952-8180(03)00113-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEpidural test doseTest dosePositive test doseMaternal heart rateLidocaine 1.5Tachycardic responsesEpidural catheterObstetric patientsLabor painUterine contractionsObstetric anesthesiaHeart rateIntravascular cathetersSensory levelCatheterDoseIncorrect placementLack of sensitivityMinutesPainPatientsAnesthesiaAnesthesiologistsEpinephrineFetuses
2000
Should intrathecal lidocaine be used in the 21st century?
Gaiser R. Should intrathecal lidocaine be used in the 21st century? Journal Of Clinical Anesthesia 2000, 12: 476-481. PMID: 11090735, DOI: 10.1016/s0952-8180(00)00186-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCauda equina syndromeSingle-shot spinal anesthesiaSpinal anesthesiaContinuous spinal anesthesiaIntrathecal lidocaineSafe alternativeOutpatient spinal anesthesiaPermanent neurologic injuryTransient neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptomsNeurologic injuryBack painHyperbaric lidocaineGeneral anesthesiaLithotomy positionPermanent disabilityHyperbaric 5Intrathecal useLower incidenceSafe drugHigh incidenceAnesthesiaLidocaineShort proceduresSyndrome