2022
Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF and Mycobacterial Culture on Multiple Specimen Types for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Disease in Young Children and Clinical Characterization According to Standardized Research Case Definitions
Click ES, Song R, Smith JP, Mchembere W, Fajans M, Hariri P, Okeyo E, McCarthy KD, Gethi D, Odeny L, Musau S, Okumu A, Orwa J, Perez-Velez CM, Wright CA, Andres M, Marais BJ, Schaaf HS, Graham SM, Cruz AT, Cain KP. Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF and Mycobacterial Culture on Multiple Specimen Types for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Disease in Young Children and Clinical Characterization According to Standardized Research Case Definitions. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 2022, 41: 671-677. PMID: 35703284, PMCID: PMC9288526, DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003582.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsChildChild, PreschoolHumansMycobacterium tuberculosisProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesSensitivity and SpecificitySputumTuberculosisConceptsXpert MTB/RIFResearch case definitionClinical case definitionMTB/RIFCase definitionIntrathoracic tuberculosisClinical characterizationMycobacterial cultureYoung childrenProspective cohort studyDifferent specimen typesDetailed clinical characterizationMultiple specimen typesSpecimen typesClinical diagnostic approachTB diseaseCohort studyMycobacterium tuberculosis complexParenchymal abnormalitiesConsecutive seriesOutpatient settingTuberculosis diseaseLeading causeXpert testChest radiographsCharacterizing tuberculosis transmission dynamics in high-burden urban and rural settings
Smith JP, Oeltmann JE, Hill AN, Tobias JL, Boyd R, Click ES, Finlay A, Mondongo C, Zetola NM, Moonan PK. Characterizing tuberculosis transmission dynamics in high-burden urban and rural settings. Scientific Reports 2022, 12: 6780. PMID: 35474076, PMCID: PMC9042872, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10488-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsHumansMycobacterium tuberculosisProspective StudiesRural PopulationTuberculosisUrban PopulationConceptsTuberculosis transmission dynamicsHigh TB burden countriesPopulation-based molecular epidemiology studiesLocal TB epidemiologyHigh-burden settingsTB burden countriesRural settingsTransmission dynamicsRural populationMolecular epidemiology studiesBurden countriesEffective reproductive numberIncident casesTB epidemiologyTB transmissionMedian numberSecondary casesInfectious casesEpidemiology studiesFirst outbreakReproductive numberSecondary transmissionPopulationCritical roleSettingTuberculosis attributed to transmission within healthcare facilities, Botswana—The Kopanyo Study
Smith JP, Modongo C, Moonan PK, Dima M, Matsiri O, Fane O, Click ES, Boyd R, Finlay A, Surie D, Tobias JL, Zetola NM, Oeltmann JE. Tuberculosis attributed to transmission within healthcare facilities, Botswana—The Kopanyo Study. Infection Control And Hospital Epidemiology 2022, 43: 1603-1609. PMID: 35382909, PMCID: PMC9535034, DOI: 10.1017/ice.2021.517.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsBotswanaDelivery of Health CareHumansMycobacterium tuberculosisProspective StudiesTuberculosisConceptsElectronic medical recordsHealthcare facilitiesPopulation-based molecular epidemiologic studyMolecular epidemiologic studiesTB casesTB diagnosisTB transmissionTB epidemicMedical recordsTuberculosis diseaseBiologic plausibilityHealthcare workersIndividual patientsEpidemiologic studiesGeneral populationCommunity transmissionEtiologic agentTreatment dataClinical encountersPatientsEffective interventionsIndividual riskEMR dataTransmission eventsHigh-risk environments
2021
Sensitive and Feasible Specimen Collection and Testing Strategies for Diagnosing Tuberculosis in Young Children
Song R, Click ES, McCarthy KD, Heilig CM, Mchembere W, Smith JP, Fajans M, Musau SK, Okeyo E, Okumu A, Orwa J, Gethi D, Odeny L, Lee SH, Perez-Velez CM, Wright CA, Cain KP. Sensitive and Feasible Specimen Collection and Testing Strategies for Diagnosing Tuberculosis in Young Children. JAMA Pediatrics 2021, 175: e206069. PMID: 33616611, PMCID: PMC7900937, DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.6069.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGastric aspiratesNPA samplesResource-limited settingsCurrent reference standardDiagnostic yieldTuberculosis diagnosisXpert MTB/RIFCross-sectional diagnostic studyReference standardNasopharyngeal aspirate samplesSymptoms of tuberculosisMycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT) cultureMTB/RIFIncremental diagnostic yieldPositive test resultsYoung childrenSpecimen typesInvasive specimenCervical lymphadenopathyMedian ageMycobacterium tuberculosis complexParenchymal abnormalitiesConsecutive seriesOutpatient settingAspirate samples
2020
The Impact of Concurrent Antiretroviral Therapy and MDR-TB Treatment on Adverse Events.
Smith JP, Gandhi NR, Shah NS, Mlisana K, Moodley P, Johnson BA, Allana S, Campbell A, Nelson KN, Master I, Brust JCM. The Impact of Concurrent Antiretroviral Therapy and MDR-TB Treatment on Adverse Events. JAIDS Journal Of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2020, 83: 47-55. PMID: 31809360, PMCID: PMC6903405, DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000002190.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnti-HIV AgentsAntitubercular AgentsCase-Control StudiesFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMaleProspective StudiesTuberculosis, Multidrug-ResistantConceptsMultidrug-resistant tuberculosisConcurrent antiretroviral therapyMDR-TB patientsMDR-TB treatmentLaboratory adverse eventsAdverse eventsHIV coinfectionAntiretroviral therapyHIV statusConcurrent treatmentCommon clinical adverse eventsCommon laboratory adverse eventsCo-infected participantsColor discrimination testingMDR-TB therapyAntiretroviral therapy initiationFrequent adverse eventsClinical adverse eventsProspective observational studyFavorable treatment outcomesColor discrimination lossesTherapy initiationConcurrent therapyCreatinine clearanceVision loss
2019
Lung Injury on Antiretroviral Therapy in Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Tuberculosis
Ravimohan S, Auld SC, Maenetje P, Ratsela N, Mlotshwa M, Ncube I, Smith JP, Vangu MD, Sebe M, Kossenkov A, Weissman D, Wallis RS, Churchyard G, Kornfeld H, Bisson GP. Lung Injury on Antiretroviral Therapy in Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Tuberculosis. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2019, 70: 1845-1854. PMID: 31242296, PMCID: PMC7156779, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz560.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPositron emission tomography-computed tomographyHuman immunodeficiency virusTotal glycolytic activityAntiretroviral therapyART initiationLung functionPulmonary tuberculosisLung inflammationLung injuryPulmonary inflammationMycobacteria-specific CD4 T cellsFluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomographyCD4 T-cell restorationCD4 T cell functionCD4 T cell responsesEmission tomography-computed tomographyHuman immunodeficiency virus/tuberculosisTB treatment completionT-cell restorationWorse lung functionProspective cohort studyHIV/tuberculosisCD4 T cellsFDG PET-CTT cell responses