2021
Preliminary In Vivo Evidence of Reduced Synaptic Density in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Despite Antiretroviral Therapy
Weiss JJ, Calvi R, Naganawa M, Toyonaga T, Farhadian SF, Chintanaphol M, Chiarella J, Zheng MQ, Ropchan J, Huang Y, Pietrzak RH, Carson RE, Spudich S. Preliminary In Vivo Evidence of Reduced Synaptic Density in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Despite Antiretroviral Therapy. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021, 73: 1404-1411. PMID: 34050746, PMCID: PMC8528400, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab484.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusAntiretroviral therapySynaptic densityMagnetic resonance imagingMale PLWHImmunodeficiency virusUnderwent magnetic resonance imagingPositron emission tomographicCross-sectional pilotHIV neuropathogenesisViral suppressionCommon complicationSynaptic injuryNeurological impairmentDynamic biomarkersPLWHTherapeutic studiesCortical areasMotor coordinationPathological hallmarkPET scanningPromising biomarkerTherapeutic interventionsResonance imagingPegboard performance
2020
Acute encephalopathy with elevated CSF inflammatory markers as the initial presentation of COVID-19
Farhadian S, Glick LR, Vogels CBF, Thomas J, Chiarella J, Casanovas-Massana A, Zhou J, Odio C, Vijayakumar P, Geng B, Fournier J, Bermejo S, Fauver JR, Alpert T, Wyllie AL, Turcotte C, Steinle M, Paczkowski P, Dela Cruz C, Wilen C, Ko AI, MacKay S, Grubaugh ND, Spudich S, Barakat LA. Acute encephalopathy with elevated CSF inflammatory markers as the initial presentation of COVID-19. BMC Neurology 2020, 20: 248. PMID: 32552792, PMCID: PMC7301053, DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01812-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInitial presentationCentral nervous system inflammationSARS-CoV-2 infectionCSF inflammatory markersNervous system inflammationCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokinesSeizure-like activityCOVID-19 infectionVirus SARS-CoV-2COVID-19SARS-CoV-2BackgroundCOVID-19Inflammatory markersNeurologic complicationsSystem inflammationImmunocompromised womanNeurologic manifestationsNeurologic symptomsViral neuroinvasionCase presentationWeInfected patientsMental statusRespiratory pathogensConclusionOur findingsInflammation
2016
HIV Drug Resistance Mutations (DRMs) Detected by Deep Sequencing in Virologic Failure Subjects on Therapy from Hunan Province, China
Chen X, Zou X, He J, Zheng J, Chiarella J, Kozal MJ. HIV Drug Resistance Mutations (DRMs) Detected by Deep Sequencing in Virologic Failure Subjects on Therapy from Hunan Province, China. PLOS ONE 2016, 11: e0149215. PMID: 26895182, PMCID: PMC4760947, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149215.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDrug resistance mutationsVirologic failureDetection of DRMsPrevalence of DRMsSanger sequencingHIV drug resistance mutationsResistance mutationsART-experienced patientsART-experienced subjectsTreatment-experienced subjectsMedian viral loadNNRTI resistance mutationsStandard genotypingART adherenceViral loadAE subtypeMutation prevalenceDeep sequencingFailure subjectsExperienced subjectsResistant variantsOnly variablePatientsPrevalenceSubtypes
2014
Prevalence of WHO Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations by Deep Sequencing in Antiretroviral-Naïve Subjects in Hunan Province, China
Xiaobai Z, Xi C, Tian H, Williams AB, Wang H, He J, Zhen J, Chiarella J, Blake LA, Turenchalk G, Kozal MJ. Prevalence of WHO Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations by Deep Sequencing in Antiretroviral-Naïve Subjects in Hunan Province, China. PLOS ONE 2014, 9: e98740. PMID: 24896087, PMCID: PMC4045886, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098740.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsART-naïve subjectsFirst-line antiretroviral therapyLine Antiretroviral TherapyPI TDRsDrug resistance mutationsNNRTI TDRAntiretroviral therapyPI mutationsPI/r useTransmitted Drug Resistance MutationsResistance mutationsAntiretroviral-naïve subjectsAdvanced chronic diseaseHigh-level resistanceAdvanced diseaseNNRTI mutationsNevirapine resistanceNRTI resistanceHIV variantsTime of testingChronic diseasesAE subtypeTreatment responseSubtype AER use