Association between growth differentiation factor-15 and adverse outcomes among patients with heart failure: A systematic literature review
Javaheri A, Ozcan M, Moubarak L, Smoyer K, Rossulek M, Revkin J, Groarke J, Tarasenko L, Kosiborod M. Association between growth differentiation factor-15 and adverse outcomes among patients with heart failure: A systematic literature review. Heliyon 2024, 10: e35916. PMID: 39229539, PMCID: PMC11369438, DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35916.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchGDF-15 concentrationsGrowth differentiation factor 15Differentiation factor 15GDF-15Heart failureMultivariate analysisRenal functionComposite outcomeAdverse outcomesOptimal treatment regimensPredictors of mortalityCardiovascular-related mortalityCross-sectional studyPrognostic roleTreatment regimensClinical risk prediction modelsPoor outcomeRisk prediction modelExercise capacityEligibility criteriaPatientsPRISMA guidelinesMortalityNonfatal outcomesOutcomes