2022
Mechanisms of Action in Exposure Therapy
Knowles K, Tolin D. Mechanisms of Action in Exposure Therapy. Current Psychiatry Reports 2022, 24: 861-869. PMID: 36399234, DOI: 10.1007/s11920-022-01391-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExposure-based interventionsExposure therapyReturn of fearAnxiety-related disordersExtinction learningFear extinctionNeural levelPrefrontal regionsNeurobiological mechanismsSafety behaviorSuch translational researchTherapy workPromising future directionsBehavioral mechanismsPharmacological augmentationMixed resultsBehavioral changesIncreased activationFull symptom reliefMultiple levelsFuture directionsRecent FindingsRecent studiesSymptom improvementMechanism of actionSymptom relief
2021
Low Estradiol May Not Impede Cognitive Restructuring in Women With Anxiety Disorders.
Levy H, Jean A, Ching T, Nett A, Mullins J, Tolin D. Low Estradiol May Not Impede Cognitive Restructuring in Women With Anxiety Disorders. Journal Of Cognitive Psychotherapy 2021, 35: 212-220. PMID: 34362860, DOI: 10.1891/jcpsy-d-20-00038.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCognitive restructuringCognitive reappraisalAnxiety disordersCR taskExtinction-based therapiesSubjective distress ratingsPrimary anxiety disorderSkin conductance responsesLow estradiol groupFear extinctionNegative affectPsychophysiological arousalConductance responsesDistress ratingsCR outcomesCR abilityLow estradiolCR skillsExtinction processPrior researchTaskReappraisalEstradiol groupDisordersAcquisition
2000
Disgust sensitivity and contamination fears in spider and blood–injection–injury phobias
Sawchuk C, Lohr J, Tolin D, Lee T, Kleinknecht R. Disgust sensitivity and contamination fears in spider and blood–injection–injury phobias. Behaviour Research And Therapy 2000, 38: 753-762. PMID: 10937424, DOI: 10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00093-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsContamination fearDisgust sensitivityBII phobicsSpider phobicsDisgust-evoking stimuliFear of contaminationElevated disgust sensitivityDisgust responsesSpider phobiaPhobic concernsPhobic stimuliFear measuresAnimal phobiasInjury phobiaSpecific phobicsPhobicsFear ScalePhobiaFearNonphobicsStimuliMeasuresElevated sensitivityDisgustPresent study
1999
Visual avoidance in specific phobia
Tolin D, Lohr J, Lee T, Sawchuk C. Visual avoidance in specific phobia. Behaviour Research And Therapy 1999, 37: 63-70. PMID: 9922558, DOI: 10.1016/s0005-7967(98)00111-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCognitive modelVisual avoidanceThreat-relevant stimuliSubsequent recognition testExposure-based therapyPhobia-relevant stimuliInjury phobicsNeutral picturesSpider phobicsNeutral photographsNonphobic participantsRecognition testPhobic subjectsSpecific phobiaExperimenter's instructionsSpecific phobicsAnxiety disordersPhobicsAnxietyAvoidanceStimuliPhobiaTachistoscopePictureFear
1997
Disgust and disgust sensitivity in blood-injection-injury and spider phobia
Tolin D, Lohr J, Sawchuk C, Lee T. Disgust and disgust sensitivity in blood-injection-injury and spider phobia. Behaviour Research And Therapy 1997, 35: 949-953. PMID: 9401135, DOI: 10.1016/s0005-7967(97)00048-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpider phobicsBII phobicsSpecific phobiaPictures of spidersRole of disgustCombination of fearInjury phobicsDisgust sensitivityPhobic participantsSpider phobiaDisgust ScaleMedical stimuliEmotional factorsPhobicsDisgustPhobiaFearCurrent theoriesNonphobicsSpecific objectsMotoric reactionsQuestionnaire dataStimuliEmotionsPresent study
1995
Eye movement desensitization of medical phobias: Two case studies
Lohr J, Tolin D, Kleinknecht R. Eye movement desensitization of medical phobias: Two case studies. Journal Of Behavior Therapy And Experimental Psychiatry 1995, 26: 141-151. PMID: 7593687, DOI: 10.1016/0005-7916(95)00011-n.Peer-Reviewed Original Research