2024
Long COVID science, research and policy
Al-Aly Z, Davis H, McCorkell L, Soares L, Wulf-Hanson S, Iwasaki A, Topol E. Long COVID science, research and policy. Nature Medicine 2024, 30: 2148-2164. PMID: 39122965, DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-03173-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInternal tremors and vibrations in long COVID: a cross-sectional study
Zhou T, Sawano M, Arun A, Caraballo C, Michelsen T, McAlpine L, Bhattacharjee B, Lu Y, Khera R, Huang C, Warner F, Herrin J, Iwasaki A, Krumholz H. Internal tremors and vibrations in long COVID: a cross-sectional study. The American Journal Of Medicine 2024 PMID: 39069199, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.07.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNew-onset conditionsInternal tremorLong COVID symptomsCOVID symptomsNon-Hispanic whitesCross-sectional studyQuality of lifeVisual analogue scaleWorse healthHealth statusStudy participantsDemographic characteristicsAnalogue scaleOutcome variablesNeurological conditionsLong COVIDMast cell disordersTreatment experienceHealthComorbiditiesSymptomsMedian agePeopleCell disordersThe PAX LC Trial: A Decentralized, Phase 2, Randomized, Double-blind Study of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Compared with Placebo/Ritonavir for Long COVID
Krumholz H, Sawano M, Bhattacharjee B, Caraballo C, Khera R, Li S, Herrin J, Coppi A, Holub J, Henriquez Y, Johnson M, Goddard T, Rocco E, Hummel A, Al Mouslmani M, Putrino D, Carr K, Carvajal-Gonzalez S, Charnas L, De Jesus M, Ziegler F, Iwasaki A. The PAX LC Trial: A Decentralized, Phase 2, Randomized, Double-blind Study of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Compared with Placebo/Ritonavir for Long COVID. The American Journal Of Medicine 2024 PMID: 38735354, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.04.030.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchLC trialPROMIS-29Participants' homesTargeting viral persistencePlacebo-controlled trialDouble-blind studyElectronic health recordsCore Outcome MeasuresLong COVIDEQ-5D-5LRepeated measures analysisEvidence-based treatmentsPhase 2Double-blindParticipant-centred approachStudy drugPrimary endpointSecondary endpointsCommunity-dwellingHealth recordsHealthcare utilizationContiguous US statesViral persistencePatient groupDrug treatmentLong COVID Characteristics and Experience: A Descriptive Study from the Yale LISTEN Research Cohort
Sawano M, Wu Y, Shah R, Zhou T, Arun A, Khosla P, Kaleem S, Vashist A, Bhattacharjee B, Ding Q, Lu Y, Caraballo C, Warner F, Huang C, Herrin J, Putrino D, Michelsen T, Fisher L, Adinig C, Iwasaki A, Krumholz H. Long COVID Characteristics and Experience: A Descriptive Study from the Yale LISTEN Research Cohort. The American Journal Of Medicine 2024 PMID: 38663793, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.04.015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchExperiences of peopleHealth statusLong COVIDLower health statusNew-onset conditionsCommunity support servicesNon-Hispanic whitesArray of healthQuality of lifeVisual analogue scaleMental healthPsychological distressPsychological statusDescriptive studyHealthcare systemMedian scoreSupport servicesResearch cohortSocial isolationDemographic characteristicsAnalogue scaleImpact of long COVIDHealthFinancial stressParticipantsFactors Associated with Long COVID Recovery among US Adults
Shah K, Shah R, Sawano M, Wu Y, Bishop P, Iwasaki A, Krumholz H. Factors Associated with Long COVID Recovery among US Adults. The American Journal Of Medicine 2024, 137: 896-899. PMID: 38649004, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.04.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchUS adultsNational Health Interview SurveyNon-institutionalized US adultsLong COVIDFactors associated with Long COVIDReport recoveryHealth Interview SurveyNationally representative estimatesMultivariate logistic regression modelHigh school degreeLogistic regression modelsCOVID-19 symptomsCross-sectional sampleMultivariate logistic regression analysisNational survey dataHispanic adultsLogistic regression analysisInterview SurveyWhite adultsRepresentative estimatesAmerican adultsStudy sampleSchool degreeNonresponse biasRegression modelsFactors Associated With Long COVID: Insights From Two Nationwide Surveys
Wu Y, Sawano M, Wu Y, Shah R, Bishop P, Iwasaki A, Krumholz H. Factors Associated With Long COVID: Insights From Two Nationwide Surveys. The American Journal Of Medicine 2024, 137: 515-519. PMID: 38490304, DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.02.032.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBehavioral Risk Factor Surveillance SystemNational Health Interview SurveyAssociated with long COVIDNational Health Interview Survey cohortRisk Factor Surveillance SystemNon-Hispanic White individualsLong COVIDFactors associated with Long COVIDHealth Interview SurveyCross-sectional studyPositive COVID-19 testNon-HispanicInterview SurveyDoctor's diagnosisWhite individualsCOVID-19 testingCollege degreeCOVID-19 infectionFemale sexSurveillance systemBlack AmericansNationwide surveySeverity of acute COVID-19 infectionAcute COVID-19 infectionCohort
2023
Distinguishing features of long COVID identified through immune profiling
Klein J, Wood J, Jaycox J, Dhodapkar R, Lu P, Gehlhausen J, Tabachnikova A, Greene K, Tabacof L, Malik A, Silva Monteiro V, Silva J, Kamath K, Zhang M, Dhal A, Ott I, Valle G, Peña-Hernández M, Mao T, Bhattacharjee B, Takahashi T, Lucas C, Song E, McCarthy D, Breyman E, Tosto-Mancuso J, Dai Y, Perotti E, Akduman K, Tzeng T, Xu L, Geraghty A, Monje M, Yildirim I, Shon J, Medzhitov R, Lutchmansingh D, Possick J, Kaminski N, Omer S, Krumholz H, Guan L, Dela Cruz C, van Dijk D, Ring A, Putrino D, Iwasaki A. Distinguishing features of long COVID identified through immune profiling. Nature 2023, 623: 139-148. PMID: 37748514, PMCID: PMC10620090, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06651-y.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLong COVIDSARS-CoV-2Infection syndromeExaggerated humoral responseSoluble immune mediatorsEpstein-Barr virusPost-exertional malaiseCross-sectional studyHigher antibody responseImmune mediatorsImmune phenotypingImmune profilingHumoral responseAntibody responseLymphocyte populationsCOVID statusUnbiased machineCortisol levelsLC statusRelevant biomarkersViral pathogensSyndromeCOVIDFuture studiesBiological featuresSARS-CoV-2 reservoir in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC)
Proal A, VanElzakker M, Aleman S, Bach K, Boribong B, Buggert M, Cherry S, Chertow D, Davies H, Dupont C, Deeks S, Eimer W, Ely E, Fasano A, Freire M, Geng L, Griffin D, Henrich T, Iwasaki A, Izquierdo-Garcia D, Locci M, Mehandru S, Painter M, Peluso M, Pretorius E, Price D, Putrino D, Scheuermann R, Tan G, Tanzi R, VanBrocklin H, Yonker L, Wherry E. SARS-CoV-2 reservoir in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Nature Immunology 2023, 24: 1616-1627. PMID: 37667052, DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01601-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 reservoirPost-acute sequelaeImmune responseHost immune responseCoronavirus SARS-CoV-2COVID-19SARS-CoV-2Neuroimmune abnormalitiesAcute infectionLong COVIDClinical trialsViral RNAMillions of peopleSequelaeFurther studiesViral proteinsPathologyResearch prioritiesRNA/proteinBiological factorsPASCAntiviralsInfectionAbnormalitiesTrials
2022
The neurobiology of long COVID
Monje M, Iwasaki A. The neurobiology of long COVID. Neuron 2022, 110: 3484-3496. PMID: 36288726, PMCID: PMC9537254, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.006.Peer-Reviewed Original Research