2024
Amygdala Cannabinoid 1 Receptor, Pain Response, and Emotional Numbing in Trauma-Exposed Individuals
Korem N, Hillmer A, D’Souza D, Nia A, Levy I, Pietrzak R, Harpaz-Rotem I. Amygdala Cannabinoid 1 Receptor, Pain Response, and Emotional Numbing in Trauma-Exposed Individuals. JAMA Network Open 2024, 7: e2432387. PMID: 39250156, PMCID: PMC11385051, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.32387.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchClinical correlates of dopamine transporter availability in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies with [18F]FE-PE2I PET: independent validation with new insights
Honhar P, Sadabad F, Tinaz S, Gallezot J, Dias M, Naganawa M, Yang Y, Henry S, Hillmer A, Gao H, Najafzadeh S, Comley R, Nabulsi N, Huang Y, Finnema S, Carson R, Matuskey D. Clinical correlates of dopamine transporter availability in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies with [18F]FE-PE2I PET: independent validation with new insights. Brain Communications 2024, 6: fcae345. PMID: 39429243, PMCID: PMC11487911, DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae345.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDAT availabilityMotor severitySubstantia nigraDopamine transporter availabilityClinical trials of Parkinson's diseaseParkinson's diseaseLongitudinal studyTracking longitudinal changesClinical correlatesVentral striatumTransporter availabilityNigrostriatal regionParkinson's disease patientsPutamenMotor severity scoresAssociated with increasesSubstantiaDATLongitudinal changesTremor scoreNegative associationNigraSubstantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patientsTremor severityPET biomarkersMicroglia-mediated neuroimmune suppression in PTSD is associated with anhedonia
Bonomi R, Hillmer A, Woodcock E, Bhatt S, Rusowicz A, Angarita G, Carson R, Davis M, Esterlis I, Nabulsi N, Huang Y, Krystal J, Pietrzak R, Cosgrove K. Microglia-mediated neuroimmune suppression in PTSD is associated with anhedonia. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2024, 121: e2406005121. PMID: 39172786, PMCID: PMC11363315, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2406005121.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPTSD groupPrefrontal-limbic circuitsNeuroimmune responseAssociated with anhedoniaPosttraumatic stress disorderPositron emission tomography brain imagingTranslocator protein availabilityBrain immune functionAnhedonic symptomsStress disorderPeripheral immune dysfunctionPTSDGroup differencesSeverity of symptomsPsychiatric diseasesTranslocator proteinBrain imagingAdministration of lipopolysaccharideSymptomsMicroglial markersLPS-induced increaseCompared to controlsImmune functionSickness symptomsAnhedoniaW35 Nicotine Use and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (mGluR5) in Individuals With Major Depressive and Post Traumatic Stress Disorders
Baldassarri S, Asch R, Hillmer A, Pietrzak R, DellaGioia N, Esterlis I, Davis M. W35 Nicotine Use and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (mGluR5) in Individuals With Major Depressive and Post Traumatic Stress Disorders. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2024, 260: 110653. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110653.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPerformance Characteristics of the NeuroEXPLORER, a Next-Generation Human Brain PET/CT Imager
Li H, Badawi R, Cherry S, Fontaine K, He L, Henry S, Hillmer A, Hu L, Khattar N, Leung E, Li T, Li Y, Liu C, Liu P, Lu Z, Majewski S, Matuskey D, Morris E, Mulnix T, Omidvari N, Samanta S, Selfridge A, Sun X, Toyonaga T, Volpi T, Zeng T, Jones T, Qi J, Carson R. Performance Characteristics of the NeuroEXPLORER, a Next-Generation Human Brain PET/CT Imager. Journal Of Nuclear Medicine 2024, 65: jnumed.124.267767. PMID: 38871391, PMCID: PMC11294061, DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.124.267767.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPeak noise-equivalent count rateNoise-equivalent count rateTime-of-flight resolutionField of viewCount rateExtended axial field-of-viewTransverse field-of-viewAxial field-of-viewField-of-view centerMini-Derenzo phantomSpatial resolutionTangential spatial resolutionsCount rate performanceContrast recovery coefficientHuman brain PET imagingMeasurements of spatial resolutionNEMA sensitivityEnergy resolutionScatter fractionBrain phantomBackprojection reconstructionBrain PET imagingTime resolutionRadial offsetF-FDG imagingLower Dorsal Putamen D2/3 Receptor Availability and Amphetamine-Induced Dopamine Release are Related to Poorer Cognitive Function in Recently Abstinent People Who Smoke and Healthy Controls
Cheung F, Calakos K, Gueorguieva R, Hillmer A, Cosgrove K, Zakiniaeiz Y. Lower Dorsal Putamen D2/3 Receptor Availability and Amphetamine-Induced Dopamine Release are Related to Poorer Cognitive Function in Recently Abstinent People Who Smoke and Healthy Controls. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2024, 26: 1038-1044. PMID: 38367211, PMCID: PMC11260895, DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntae031.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAmphetamine-induced dopamine releaseBrain-behavior relationshipsAbstinent peopleDorsal striatumCognitive functionDopamine releasePoorer cognitive functionD2/3R availabilityDelayed recallHealthy controlsTests of verbal learningDysregulated dopamine signalingD2/3 receptor availabilityDrug-seeking behaviorDorsolateral prefrontal cortexCogState computerized batteryPositron emission tomography scanAmphetamine administrationMesocortical pathwayMesolimbic pathwayDopamine systemPrefrontal cortexVerbal learningBaseline BPNDDopamine signalingFirst-in-Human Study of 18F-SynVesT-2: An SV2A PET Imaging Probe with Fast Brain Kinetics and High Specific Binding
Drake L, Wu Y, Naganawa M, Asch R, Zheng C, Najafzadeh S, Pracitto R, Lindemann M, Li S, Ropchan J, Labaree D, Emery P, Dias M, Henry S, Nabulsi N, Matuskey D, Hillmer A, Gallezot J, Carson R, Cai Z, Huang Y. First-in-Human Study of 18F-SynVesT-2: An SV2A PET Imaging Probe with Fast Brain Kinetics and High Specific Binding. Journal Of Nuclear Medicine 2024, 65: jnumed.123.266470. PMID: 38360052, PMCID: PMC10924160, DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266470.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchFirst-in-human studyPlasma free fractionTime-activity curvesCentrum semiovaleNonhuman primate's resultsFirst-in-humanFree fractionNondisplaceable binding potentialRegional time-activity curvesLow nonspecific uptakeRegional distribution volumesHigh-resolution research tomograph scannerTest-retest reproducibilityCerebral blood flowSynaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2AHealthy volunteersArterial input functionNonspecific uptakePET imaging probeDistribution volumeSynapse densityIndividual MR imagesHighest specific bindingMR imagingPET imagingFluoride transport in Arabidopsis thaliana plants is impaired in Fluoride EXporter (FEX) mutants
Tausta S, Fontaine K, Hillmer A, Strobel S. Fluoride transport in Arabidopsis thaliana plants is impaired in Fluoride EXporter (FEX) mutants. Plant Molecular Biology 2024, 114: 17. PMID: 38342783, PMCID: PMC10859346, DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01413-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFluoride exportMutant plantsWT plantsArabidopsis thaliana plantsSingle cell eukaryotesMulticellular plantsThaliana plantsCell eukaryotesFluoride toleranceTerminal tissuesMutantsFluoride transportPlantsFloral stemsWildtypeArabidopsisEukaryotesEnvironmental toxinsStemBacteriaPositron emission tomographyPrimary locusToxinImaging a putative marker of brain cortisol regulation in alcohol use disorder
Verplaetse T, Hillmer A, Bhatt S, Rusowicz A, Li S, Nabulsi N, Matuskey D, Huang Y, McKee S, Cosgrove K. Imaging a putative marker of brain cortisol regulation in alcohol use disorder. Neurobiology Of Stress 2024, 29: 100609. PMID: 38304303, PMCID: PMC10832501, DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100609.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAlcohol use disorderAnterior cingulate cortexDrinking days/weekModerate to severe alcohol use disorderHealthy controlsHypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axisSevere alcohol use disorderPositron emission tomographyHPA axis dysfunctionHPA axis functionRelease of glucocorticoid hormonesAlcohol consumptionAssociated with drinkingVentromedial PFCCingulate cortexHigh-resolution research tomographHPA activityUse disorderDrinking episodesCortisol regulationAxis functionVmPFCPeripheral cortisolBrain availabilityDisordered background
2023
Improving SUVR quantification by correcting for radiotracer clearance in tissue
Honhar P, Matuskey D, Carson R, Hillmer A. Improving SUVR quantification by correcting for radiotracer clearance in tissue. Cerebrovascular And Brain Metabolism Reviews 2023, 44: 296-309. PMID: 37589538, PMCID: PMC10993874, DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231196804.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchImaging the brain’s immune response to alcohol with [11C]PBR28 TSPO Positron Emission Tomography
Raval N, Angarita G, Matuskey D, Miller R, Drake L, Kapinos M, Nabulsi N, Huang Y, Carson R, O’Malley S, Cosgrove K, Hillmer A. Imaging the brain’s immune response to alcohol with [11C]PBR28 TSPO Positron Emission Tomography. Molecular Psychiatry 2023, 28: 3384-3390. PMID: 37532797, PMCID: PMC10743097, DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02198-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVolume of distributionBlood alcohol levelsPositron emission tomographyBrain immune responseImmune responseAlcohol challengeEmission tomographyPeak blood alcohol levelsMultilinear analysis 1Peripheral immune functionVivo human evidenceLaboratory alcohol challengeTSPO positron emission tomographyBinge levelsPlasma cytokinesImmune dysfunctionNeuroimmune systemIL-6MCP-1Cytokines TNFAcute effectsScan dayArterial bloodHuman evidenceImmune functionCholinergic system adaptations are associated with cognitive function in people recently abstinent from smoking: a (-)-[18F]flubatine PET study
Calakos K, Hillmer A, Anderson J, LeVasseur B, Baldassarri S, Angarita G, Matuskey D, Kapinos M, Zheng M, Huang Y, Cosgrove K. Cholinergic system adaptations are associated with cognitive function in people recently abstinent from smoking: a (-)-[18F]flubatine PET study. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023, 48: 683-689. PMID: 36681758, PMCID: PMC9938267, DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01535-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExecutive functionCholinergic systemWorse executive functionAcetylcholine levelsVerbal learningCognitive batteryPositron emission tomography brainCognitive dataAbstinent smokersCognitive functionCognitive deficitsCortical acetylcholine levelsEarly smoking cessationAcetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmineCognitionQuit attemptsNAChR sitesPhysostigmine administrationTomography brainSmoking statusSmoking cessationInhibitor physostigmineTreatment strategiesAgonist radioligandPhysostigmine challengeNicotine Use and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 in Individuals With Major Depressive and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders
Baldassarri S, Asch R, Hillmer A, Pietrzak R, DellaGioia N, Esterlis I, Davis M. Nicotine Use and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 in Individuals With Major Depressive and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders. Chronic Stress 2023, 7: 24705470231154842. PMID: 36843572, PMCID: PMC9943964, DOI: 10.1177/24705470231154842.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2022
The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 as a biomarker for psychiatric disorders
Asch R, Hillmer A, Baldassarri S, Esterlis I. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 as a biomarker for psychiatric disorders. International Review Of Neurobiology 2022, 168: 265-310. PMID: 36868631, DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2022.10.007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPsychiatric disordersMetabotropic glutamate receptor 5Positron emission tomography studyGlutamate receptor 5Utility of PETEmission tomography studiesPromising therapeutic targetStress-related disordersNumerous psychiatric disordersTreatment trialsGlutamate neurotransmissionGlutamate systemMGlu5 expressionSubtype 5Treatment responseMood disordersRole of mGlu5Receptor 5Therapeutic targetPsychiatric conditionsMGlu5Tomography studySubstance useTrauma disordersDisordersMultimodal neuroimaging of metabotropic glutamate 5 receptors and functional connectivity in alcohol use disorder
Smart K, Worhunsky PD, Scheinost D, Angarita GA, Esterlis I, Carson RE, Krystal JH, O'Malley SS, Cosgrove KP, Hillmer AT. Multimodal neuroimaging of metabotropic glutamate 5 receptors and functional connectivity in alcohol use disorder. Alcohol Clinical And Experimental Research 2022, 46: 770-782. PMID: 35342968, PMCID: PMC9117461, DOI: 10.1111/acer.14816.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMetabotropic glutamate 5 receptorsDefault mode networkFunctional magnetic resonance imagingReceptor availabilityPositron emission tomographyAUD groupFunctional connectivityReceptor positron emission tomographyResting-state functional magnetic resonance imagingNetwork-level functional connectivityBrain connectivityWeeks of abstinenceGlobal functional connectivityAlcohol use disorderMagnetic resonance imagingFMRI outcomesHealthy controlsSupervised abstinencePET resultsUse disordersSynaptic plasticityResonance imagingBrain regionsEmission tomographyOrbitofrontal cortex
2021
Assessment of transient dopamine responses to smoked cannabis
Calakos KC, Liu H, Lu Y, Anderson JM, Matuskey D, Nabulsi N, Ye Y, Skosnik PD, D'Souza DC, Morris ED, Cosgrove KP, Hillmer AT. Assessment of transient dopamine responses to smoked cannabis. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 2021, 227: 108920. PMID: 34399137, PMCID: PMC8464527, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108920.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsStriatal dopamine responsesDopamine responseRadiotracer uptakePositron emission tomography (PET) imaging studiesTransient reductionTomography Imaging StudyChronic cannabis useDopaminergic mechanismsCannabis smokingMesolimbic dopaminergicReceptor antagonistPlasma concentrationsRegular cannabis usersCannabis cigarettesConstant infusionDopamine DImaging studiesVentral striatumCannabis useTransient changesCannabis usersCannabisPuff protocolPreliminary dataTHC levelsPET Imaging Estimates of Regional Acetylcholine Concentration Variation in Living Human Brain
Smart K, Naganawa M, Baldassarri SR, Nabulsi N, Ropchan J, Najafzadeh S, Gao H, Navarro A, Barth V, Esterlis I, Cosgrove KP, Huang Y, Carson RE, Hillmer AT. PET Imaging Estimates of Regional Acetylcholine Concentration Variation in Living Human Brain. Cerebral Cortex 2021, 31: 2787-2798. PMID: 33442731, PMCID: PMC8355478, DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa387.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsACh concentrationHuman volunteersHigh ACh concentrationsMuscarinic antagonist scopolamineHealthy human volunteersHuman brainCholinergic receptorsNicotine challengeAntagonist scopolaminePreclinical studiesStriatal regionsPET scansEndogenous neurotransmittersNeuropsychiatric diseasesNonhuman primatesWhole-brain imagesDrug occupancyNicotinic ligandsClinical populationsBrainAcetylcholineDistinct functional rolesStriatumVolunteersFunctional role
2020
Nondisplaceable Binding Is a Potential Confounding Factor in 11C-PBR28 Translocator Protein PET Studies
Laurell G, Plavén-Sigray P, Jucaite A, Varrone A, Cosgrove KP, Svarer C, Knudsen G, Consortium K, Ogden R, Zanderigo F, Cervenka S, Hillmer A, Schain M. Nondisplaceable Binding Is a Potential Confounding Factor in 11C-PBR28 Translocator Protein PET Studies. Journal Of Nuclear Medicine 2020, 62: 412-417. PMID: 32680926, PMCID: PMC8049343, DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.243717.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAlcohol use disorderDistribution volumePET studiesParkinson's diseaseFirst-episode psychosis patientsTranslocator proteinAdministration of lipopolysaccharideNondisplaceable bindingFirst-episode psychosisPotential confounding factorsTotal distribution volumeC-PBR28Patient groupPsychosis patientsLipopolysaccharide challengeClinical studiesOutcome measuresTSPO PET studiesUse disordersPET ligandConfounding factorsCorresponding controlsDiseaseDisordersGroup
2019
Effects of age, BMI and sex on the glial cell marker TSPO — a multicentre [11C]PBR28 HRRT PET study
Tuisku J, Plavén-Sigray P, Gaiser EC, Airas L, Al-Abdulrasul H, Brück A, Carson RE, Chen MK, Cosgrove KP, Ekblad L, Esterlis I, Farde L, Forsberg A, Halldin C, Helin S, Kosek E, Lekander M, Lindgren N, Marjamäki P, Rissanen E, Sucksdorff M, Varrone A, Collste K, Gallezot J, Hillmer A, Huang Y, Höglund C, Johansson J, Jucaite A, Lampa J, Nabulsi N, Pittman B, Sandiego C, Stenkrona P, Rinne J, Matuskey D, Cervenka S. Effects of age, BMI and sex on the glial cell marker TSPO — a multicentre [11C]PBR28 HRRT PET study. European Journal Of Nuclear Medicine And Molecular Imaging 2019, 46: 2329-2338. PMID: 31363804, PMCID: PMC6717599, DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04403-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBody mass indexPositron emission tomographyEffect of ageMultilinear analysis 1PET centersGlobal gray matterMass indexSubgroup analysisClinical studiesTSPO levelsHealthy subjectsTurku PET CentreHealthy volunteersPositive correlationTemporal cortexTSPO genotypeIndividual biological propertiesMale subjectsPurposeThe purposeConclusionThese findingsLinear mixed effects modelsGray matterParietal cortexSignificant negative correlationEmission tomographyQuantification of PET infusion studies without true equilibrium: A tissue clearance correction
Hillmer AT, Carson RE. Quantification of PET infusion studies without true equilibrium: A tissue clearance correction. Cerebrovascular And Brain Metabolism Reviews 2019, 40: 860-874. PMID: 31088233, PMCID: PMC7168787, DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19850000.Peer-Reviewed Original Research