Thermal effects on neurons during stimulation of the brain
Kim T, Kadji H, Whalen A, Ashourvan A, Freeman E, Fried S, Tadigadapa S, Schiff S. Thermal effects on neurons during stimulation of the brain. Journal Of Neural Engineering 2022, 19: 056029. PMID: 36126646, PMCID: PMC9855718, DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac9339.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBiophysicsBrainElectric ConductivityElectric StimulationElectrodesMammalsNeuronsConceptsThermal effectsJoule heatingMagnetic coilsRate dependencyElectrical interactionsSmall thermal effectsTemperature changesDissipation of energyNumerical modelingRange of frequenciesThermal energyMagnetic fieldDC drivingMagnetic inductionElectrical currentStatic magnetic fieldSmall temperature increaseTemperature increaseAccurate modulationCoilEnergy depositionHeatingConductorsTransient effectsElectrodeMEMS micro-coils for magnetic neurostimulation
Liu X, Whalen A, Ryu S, Lee S, Fried S, Kim K, Cai C, Lauritzen M, Bertram N, Chang B, Yu T, Han A. MEMS micro-coils for magnetic neurostimulation. Biosensors And Bioelectronics 2023, 227: 115143. PMID: 36805270, DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115143.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBiosensing TechniquesBrainElectric ConductivityMetalsMiceMicro-Electrical-Mechanical SystemsConceptsMEMS fabrication processHigh power efficiencyPhysical vapor depositionDRIE processThick metal filmSOI waferALD aluminaFabrication processParylene CCoil resistanceDevice fabricationProcess technologyLithography stepAl wireProbe fabricationMask fabricationPower efficiencyVapor depositionMetal filmsHigh conductivityLeak resistanceFabricationDesign changesCoil deviceMaskless photolithography