2024
Neurosymptomatic HIV-1 CSF escape is associated with replication in CNS T cells and inflammation
Kincer L, Dravid A, Trunfio M, Calcagno A, Zhou S, Vercesi R, Spudich S, Gisslen M, Price R, Cinque P, Joseph S. Neurosymptomatic HIV-1 CSF escape is associated with replication in CNS T cells and inflammation. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2024, 134: e176358. PMID: 39352388, PMCID: PMC11444166, DOI: 10.1172/jci176358.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 RNACD4+ T cellsHIV-1 populationsAntiretroviral therapyHIV-1T cellsCerebrospinal fluidCSF escapeCNS inflammationDetectable HIV-1 RNAImprovement of neurological symptomsAssociated with viral suppressionUntreated chronic infectionDrug-resistant virusesProgressive neurological deficitsCNS T cellsART regimenViral suppressionChronic infectionNeurological deficitsNeurological symptomsInflammatory biomarkersClinical consequencesVirus expressionPrimary infectionChanges in cerebrospinal fluid proteins across the spectrum of untreated and treated chronic HIV-1 infection
Hu Z, Cinque P, Dravid A, Hagberg L, Yilmaz A, Zetterberg H, Fuchs D, Gostner J, Blennow K, Spudich S, Kincer L, Zhou S, Joseph S, Swanstrom R, Price R, Gisslén M. Changes in cerebrospinal fluid proteins across the spectrum of untreated and treated chronic HIV-1 infection. PLOS Pathogens 2024, 20: e1012470. PMID: 39316609, PMCID: PMC11469498, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012470.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 infectionHIV-associated dementiaCerebrospinal fluidCerebrospinal fluid proteinCerebrospinal fluid HIV-1 RNAImpact of HIV-1 infectionTreating chronic HIV-1 infectionChronic HIV-1 infectionHIV-1 RNAHIV-1 progressionTreat chronic infectionsInflammatory cell lineagesNeurofilament light chain proteinCSF escapeChronic infectionHIV-1Light chain proteinProtein changesClinical centersCNS injuryCSF proteinClinical informationCell lineagesInfectionCerebrospinal fluid proteomeTranscobalamin receptor antibodies in autoimmune vitamin B12 central deficiency
Pluvinage J, Ngo T, Fouassier C, McDonagh M, Holmes B, Bartley C, Kondapavulur S, Hurabielle C, Bodansky A, Pai V, Hinman S, Aslanpour A, Alvarenga B, Zorn K, Zamecnik C, McCann A, Asencor A, Huynh T, Browne W, Tubati A, Haney M, Douglas V, Louine M, Cree B, Hauser S, Seeley W, Baranzini S, Wells J, Spudich S, Farhadian S, Ramachandran P, Gillum L, Hales C, Zikherman J, Anderson M, Yazdany J, Smith B, Nath A, Suh G, Flanagan E, Green A, Green R, Gelfand J, DeRisi J, Pleasure S, Wilson M. Transcobalamin receptor antibodies in autoimmune vitamin B12 central deficiency. Science Translational Medicine 2024, 16: eadl3758. PMID: 38924428, PMCID: PMC11520464, DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adl3758.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBlood-brain barrierCerebrospinal fluidNeurological deficitsAutoimmune neurological conditionsCohort of patientsCellular uptake of cobalaminVitamin B12B12 transportCerebrospinal fluid samplesMeasurement of vitamin B12Low-density lipoprotein receptorProgrammable phage displayImmunosuppressive treatmentIn vitro modelNeuropsychiatric lupusImmunomodulatory treatmentReceptor antibodiesClinical improvementUptake of cobalaminB12 deficiencyUnknown etiologyHematopoietic cellsTranscobalamin receptorCentral deficiencyB12 supplementationCase-Control Study of Individuals With Small Fiber Neuropathy After COVID-19
McAlpine L, Zubair A, Joseph P, Spudich S. Case-Control Study of Individuals With Small Fiber Neuropathy After COVID-19. Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation 2024, 11: e200244. PMID: 38630952, PMCID: PMC11087026, DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200244.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInvasive cardiopulmonary exercise testingSmall fiber neuropathyCase-control studyFiber neuropathySkin biopsiesClinical response to treatmentNeurovascular dysregulationTreated with IVIGRetrospective chart reviewCase-control study of individualsRetrospective cohort studyResponse to treatmentCardiopulmonary exercise testingClass III evidenceMyalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndromeIVIG groupClinical responseNeuropathic symptomsChart reviewIVIGStudy of individualsCohort studyIII evidenceClinical trialsCOVID-19 illnessFramingham risk score based vascular outcomes in acute versus chronic HIV cohorts after 6 years of ART
Holroyd K, Han W, Apornpong T, Trautmann L, Gatechompol S, Hiransuthikul A, Ubolyam S, Sacdalan C, Sriplienchan S, Kanaprach R, Kerr S, Avihingsanon A, Spudich S, Chan P. Framingham risk score based vascular outcomes in acute versus chronic HIV cohorts after 6 years of ART. HIV Medicine 2024, 25: 725-736. PMID: 38383057, PMCID: PMC11153003, DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13621.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFramingham risk scoreYears of antiretroviral therapyAcute HIVHigher CD4 countsAntiretroviral therapyChronic HIVCD4 countFollow-upAtherosclerotic cardiovascular diseaseVascular outcomesAssociated with higher body mass indexCardiovascular diseaseRisk scoreHigher body mass indexRisk factorsPrevalence of syphilisVascular agingCD8 T-cell countsMetabolic risk factorsCohort of participantsBody mass indexMultivariate linear regression analysisCardiovascular risk factorsEffect of ART initiationStarted antiretroviral therapy
2023
Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification for Neurocognitive Impairment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Letendre S, Chen H, McKhann A, Roa J, Vecchio A, Daar E, Berzins B, Hunt P, Marra C, Campbell T, Coombs R, Ma Q, Swaminathan S, Macatangay B, Morse G, Miller T, Rusin D, Greninger A, Ha B, Alston-Smith B, Robertson K, Paul R, Spudich S, Team T. Antiretroviral Therapy Intensification for Neurocognitive Impairment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2023, 77: 866-874. PMID: 37183889, PMCID: PMC10506779, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad265.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntiretroviral therapyART intensificationNeurocognitive impairmentWeek 48Z-scoreAntiretroviral therapy intensificationPersistent HIV replicationPlacebo-controlled trialPlasma HIV RNASuppressive antiretroviral therapyAge 52 yearsBody mass indexHuman immunodeficiency virusCopies/mLTotal Z-scoreBaseline z-scoresCentral nervous systemDual placeboEfavirenz useTherapy intensificationHIV RNAStudy drugAdverse eventsSymptomatic HIVPrimary outcomeBrain volumetrics differ by Fiebig stage in acute HIV infection
Bolzenius J, Sacdalan C, Ndhlovu L, Sailasuta N, Trautmann L, Tipsuk S, Crowell T, Suttichom D, Colby D, Phanuphak N, Chan P, Premeaux T, Kroon E, Vasan S, Hsu D, Valcour V, Ananworanich J, Robb M, Ake J, Pohl K, Sriplienchan S, Spudich S, Paul R. Brain volumetrics differ by Fiebig stage in acute HIV infection. AIDS 2023, 37: 861-869. PMID: 36723491, PMCID: PMC10079583, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003496.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute HIV infectionNucleus accumbensFiebig stagesAcute infectionHIV infectionCaudate nucleusBrain volumeLower regional brain volumesAntiretroviral therapy initiationMarkers of neuroinflammationBrain volume alterationsCross-sectional studyRegional brain volumesT1-weighted scansTherapy initiationChronic infectionBrain volumetricsBrain disruptionThai malesViral factorsPutamenVolume alterationsAccumbensInfectionStimulant use
2022
Immunological, Cognitive, and Psychiatric Outcomes After Initiating Efavirenz- and Dolutegravir-based Antiretroviral Therapy During Acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Chan P, Yoon B, Colby D, Kroon E, Sacdalan C, Sriplienchan S, Pinyakorn S, Ananworanich J, Valcour V, Vasan S, Hsu D, Phanuphak N, Paul R, Spudich S. Immunological, Cognitive, and Psychiatric Outcomes After Initiating Efavirenz- and Dolutegravir-based Antiretroviral Therapy During Acute Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2022, 76: e718-e726. PMID: 35687498, PMCID: PMC9907536, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac466.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute HIV-1 infectionT-cell countsDTG-based antiretroviral therapyAntiretroviral therapyDTG groupEFV groupWeek 96Week 24CD4/CD8 ratioNucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitorHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1Immunodeficiency virus type 1Fiebig stages IPlasma viral suppressionAcute HIV infectionTreatment-naive individualsHIV-1 infectionPatient Health QuestionnaireReverse transcriptase inhibitorVirus type 1Greater incrementART regimensCD8 ratioViral suppressionHIV infection
2021
Abrupt and altered cell-type specific DNA methylation profiles in blood during acute HIV infection persists despite prompt initiation of ART
Corley MJ, Sacdalan C, Pang APS, Chomchey N, Ratnaratorn N, Valcour V, Kroon E, Cho KS, Belden AC, Colby D, Robb M, Hsu D, Spudich S, Paul R, Vasan S, Ndhlovu LC, . Abrupt and altered cell-type specific DNA methylation profiles in blood during acute HIV infection persists despite prompt initiation of ART. PLOS Pathogens 2021, 17: e1009785. PMID: 34388205, PMCID: PMC8386872, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009785.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntiretroviral therapyT lymphocytesCD4/CD8 ratioHIV infection cohortHost epigenetic landscapeAcute HIV infectionSpecific DNA methylation profileInfection cohortInfection HIVCD4 countCD8 ratioHIV infectionPrompt initiationViral loadHIV medicineViral persistenceEarly initiationT cellsHIV-1Disease pathogenesisClinical phenotypeMonocytesCD4HIVLymphocytesPreliminary In Vivo Evidence of Reduced Synaptic Density in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Despite Antiretroviral Therapy
Weiss JJ, Calvi R, Naganawa M, Toyonaga T, Farhadian SF, Chintanaphol M, Chiarella J, Zheng MQ, Ropchan J, Huang Y, Pietrzak RH, Carson RE, Spudich S. Preliminary In Vivo Evidence of Reduced Synaptic Density in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Despite Antiretroviral Therapy. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021, 73: 1404-1411. PMID: 34050746, PMCID: PMC8528400, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab484.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHuman immunodeficiency virusAntiretroviral therapySynaptic densityMagnetic resonance imagingMale PLWHImmunodeficiency virusUnderwent magnetic resonance imagingPositron emission tomographicCross-sectional pilotHIV neuropathogenesisViral suppressionCommon complicationSynaptic injuryNeurological impairmentDynamic biomarkersPLWHTherapeutic studiesCortical areasMotor coordinationPathological hallmarkPET scanningPromising biomarkerTherapeutic interventionsResonance imagingPegboard performanceCompartmentalization of cerebrospinal fluid inflammation across the spectrum of untreated HIV-1 infection, central nervous system injury and viral suppression
Gisslen M, Keating SM, Spudich S, Arechiga V, Stephenson S, Zetterberg H, Di Germanio C, Blennow K, Fuchs D, Hagberg L, Norris PJ, Peterson J, Shacklett BL, Yiannoutsos CT, Price RW. Compartmentalization of cerebrospinal fluid inflammation across the spectrum of untreated HIV-1 infection, central nervous system injury and viral suppression. PLOS ONE 2021, 16: e0250987. PMID: 33983973, PMCID: PMC8118251, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250987.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnti-Retroviral AgentsAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveBiomarkersCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCentral Nervous SystemCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansInflammationLeukocyte CountMaleMiddle AgedNeurofilament ProteinsRNA, ViralSerum AlbuminSustained Virologic ResponseConceptsHIV-1 infectionHIV-associated dementiaPrimary HIV-1 infectionBlood CD4CSF inflammationViral suppressionInflammatory biomarkersCNS injuryViral controlT lymphocytesCSF white blood cell countUntreated primary HIV-1 infectionBlood HIV-1 RNACentral nervous system inflammationCerebrospinal fluid inflammatory biomarkersCSF neurofilament light chainHIV-1 seronegative controlsHIV-1-infected subjectsHIV-1-uninfected controlsHIV-1 RNA concentrationsUntreated HIV-1 infectionWhite blood cell countBlood-brain barrier permeabilityCentral nervous system injuryCSF inflammatory responseClinical and laboratory impact of concomitant syphilis infection during acute HIV
Chan P, Colby D, Kroon E, Sacdalan C, Pinyakorn S, Paul R, Robb M, Valcour V, Ananworanich J, Marra C, Spudich S. Clinical and laboratory impact of concomitant syphilis infection during acute HIV. HIV Medicine 2021, 22: 502-511. PMID: 33728759, DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13079.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute HIV-1T lymphocyte levelsVenereal Disease Research LaboratoryUntreated syphilisHistory of syphilisHIV-1Higher plasma HIV-1 RNACD4 T-lymphocyte levelsPlasma HIV-1 RNAHIV-1 RNA levelsCognitive performanceCD4 T lymphocytesHIV-1 infectionHIV-1 RNAImpaired cognitive performanceAcute HIVAHI participantsFiebig stagesIncident syphilisPrior syphilisSerum TreponemaSyphilis infectionChronic infectionDisease measuresSyphilis statusCognitive trajectories after treatment in acute HIV infection
Chan P, Kerr SJ, Kroon E, Colby D, Sacdalan C, Hellmuth J, Reiss P, Vasan S, Ananworanich J, Valcour V, Spudich S, Paul R. Cognitive trajectories after treatment in acute HIV infection. AIDS 2021, 35: 883-888. PMID: 33534200, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002831.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute HIV-1 infectionAntiretroviral therapyWeek 288Week 96Cognitive performanceAcute HIV infectionSuppressive antiretroviral therapyHIV-1 infectionTrajectory subgroupsWorse depressive symptomsWorse baseline cognitive performanceImpaired cognitive performanceFine motor speedAHI diagnosisViral suppressionHIV infectionWeek 12Baseline cognitive performanceLower baseline performanceHIV-1Depressive symptomsCognitive symptomsPosthoc analysisPsychomotor speedCognitive outcomes
2020
Determinants of suboptimal CD4+ T cell recovery after antiretroviral therapy initiation in a prospective cohort of acute HIV‐1 infection
Handoko R, Colby DJ, Kroon E, Sacdalan C, de Souza M, Pinyakorn S, Prueksakaew P, Munkong C, Ubolyam S, Akapirat S, Chiarella J, Krebs S, Sereti I, Valcour V, Paul R, Michael NL, Phanuphak N, Ananworanich J, Spudich S, Team T. Determinants of suboptimal CD4+ T cell recovery after antiretroviral therapy initiation in a prospective cohort of acute HIV‐1 infection. Journal Of The International AIDS Society 2020, 23: e25585. PMID: 32949118, PMCID: PMC7507109, DOI: 10.1002/jia2.25585.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute HIV infectionCD4/CD8 ratioSuboptimal CD4 recoveryAntiretroviral therapyCD4 countImmune recoveryCD4 recoveryCD8 ratioStudy visitAcute HIV-1 infectionPre-ART CD4 countLower CD8 countsPlasma viral suppressionSuboptimal immune recoveryAntiretroviral therapy initiationT-cell countsT-cell recoveryHIV-1 infectionCopies/mLLower IL-6Cells/ART initiationCD4 rateCD8 countsChronic HIVCentral Nervous System Safety During Brief Analytic Treatment Interruption of Antiretroviral Therapy Within 4 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Remission Trials: An Observational Study in Acutely Treated People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Hellmuth J, Muccini C, Colby DJ, Kroon E, de Souza M, Crowell TA, Chan P, Sacdalan C, Intasan J, Benjapornpong K, Tipsuk S, Puttamaswin S, Chomchey N, Valcour V, Sarnecki M, Tomaka F, Krebs SJ, Slike BM, Jagodzinski LL, Dumrongpisutikul N, Sailasuta N, Samboju V, Michael NL, Robb ML, Vasan S, Ananworanich J, Phanuphak P, Phanuphak N, Paul R, Spudich S. Central Nervous System Safety During Brief Analytic Treatment Interruption of Antiretroviral Therapy Within 4 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Remission Trials: An Observational Study in Acutely Treated People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020, 73: e1885-e1892. PMID: 32916708, PMCID: PMC8492357, DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1344.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnalytic treatment interruptionHuman immunodeficiency virusAntiretroviral therapyCentral nervous systemRemission trialsDiffusion tensor imagingTreatment interruptionMedian timeImmunodeficiency virusCentral nervous system safetyCSF HIV-1 RNAAdverse CNS effectsAcute HIV infectionImmune activation markersPlasma viral loadHIV-1 RNAMedian participant ageCerebrospinal fluid samplingCognitive performanceHIV remission trialsBrain diffusion tensor imagingMagnetic resonance spectroscopyART resumptionCNS safetyMild worseningSelective Decay of Intact HIV-1 Proviral DNA on Antiretroviral Therapy
Gandhi R, Cyktor J, Bosch R, Mar H, Laird G, Martin A, Collier A, Riddler S, Macatangay B, Rinaldo C, Eron J, Siliciano J, McMahon D, Mellors J, Hogg E, LeBlanc R, Scello C, Palm D, Gandhi M, Fletcher C, Podany A, Aweeka F, Halvas L, Dragavon J, Joseph J, Lagattuta R, Lin L, Pederson S, Robertson K, Rubin L, Smith D, Spudich S, Tsibris A. Selective Decay of Intact HIV-1 Proviral DNA on Antiretroviral Therapy. The Journal Of Infectious Diseases 2020, 223: 225-233. PMID: 32823274, PMCID: PMC7857155, DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa532.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTotal HIV-1 DNAResidual plasma viremiaAntiretroviral therapyHIV-1 DNAProvirus levelsPlasma viremiaLong-term antiretroviral therapyDefective HIV-1 provirusesHIV-1 proviral DNAReplication-competent reservoirSuppressive antiretroviral therapyMarkers of inflammationReplication-competent provirusesHIV-1 provirusART initiationImmune activationHIV-1Proviral DNATime pointsInfected cellsViremiaDefective provirusesInflammationTherapyProvirusStroke Code Presentations, Interventions, and Outcomes Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Jasne AS, Chojecka P, Maran I, Mageid R, Eldokmak M, Zhang Q, Nystrom K, Vlieks K, Askenase M, Petersen N, Falcone GJ, Wira CR, Lleva P, Zeevi N, Narula R, Amin H, Navaratnam D, Loomis C, Hwang DY, Schindler J, Hebert R, Matouk C, Krumholz HM, Spudich S, Sheth KN, Sansing LH, Sharma R. Stroke Code Presentations, Interventions, and Outcomes Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Stroke 2020, 51: 2664-2673. PMID: 32755347, PMCID: PMC7446978, DOI: 10.1161/str.0000000000000347.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overBetacoronavirusBrain IschemiaCohort StudiesComorbidityConnecticutCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19DyslipidemiasEmergency Medical ServicesEthnicityFemaleHumansHypertensionIncomeInsurance, HealthIntracranial HemorrhagesMaleMedically UninsuredMiddle AgedOutcome and Process Assessment, Health CarePandemicsPneumonia, ViralRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2Severity of Illness IndexStrokeSubstance-Related DisordersTelemedicineThrombectomyThrombolytic TherapyTime-to-TreatmentConceptsComprehensive stroke centerStroke codePatient characteristicsStroke severityStroke code patientsHistory of hypertensionStroke-like symptomsCoronary artery diseaseCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemicPatient-level dataLower median household incomePublic health initiativesDisease 2019 pandemicCOVID-19 pandemicRace/ethnicityCode patientsHospital presentationPublic health insuranceRankin ScaleStroke centersArtery diseaseReperfusion timeStroke symptomsEarly outcomesConnecticut hospitalsRegional brain volumetric changes despite 2 years of treatment initiated during acute HIV infection.
Kallianpur KJ, Jahanshad N, Sailasuta N, Benjapornpong K, Chan P, Pothisri M, Dumrongpisutikul N, Laws E, Ndhlovu LC, Clifford KM, Paul R, Jagodzinski L, Krebs S, Ananworanich J, Spudich S, Valcour V. Regional brain volumetric changes despite 2 years of treatment initiated during acute HIV infection. AIDS 2020, 34: 415-426. PMID: 31725432, PMCID: PMC6994348, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002436.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCombination antiretroviral therapyRegional brain volumesBrain volumeSuppressive combination antiretroviral therapyBrain magnetic resonance imagingBrain volumetric changesAcute HIV infectionLongitudinal pipelineProspective cohort studyBrain metabolite levelsCerebrospinal fluid biomarkersVolumetric decreaseYears of treatmentMagnetic resonance imagingFreeSurfer longitudinal pipelineVoxel-wise analysisHigh baseline frequencyVolumes of putamenCART initiationHIV-1infectionProgressive HIVSimilar HIVAntiretroviral therapyCohort studyHIV exposureResting-state neural signatures of depressive symptoms in acute HIV
Philippi CL, Reyna L, Nedderman L, Chan P, Samboju V, Chang K, Phanuphak N, Ratnaratorn N, Hellmuth J, Benjapornpong K, Dumrongpisutikul N, Pothisri M, Robb ML, Ananworanich J, Spudich S, Valcour V, Paul R. Resting-state neural signatures of depressive symptoms in acute HIV. Journal Of NeuroVirology 2020, 26: 226-240. PMID: 31989446, PMCID: PMC7261250, DOI: 10.1007/s13365-020-00826-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsResting-state functional connectivityAcute HIV infectionAnterior cingulate cortexDecreased resting-state functional connectivityDepressive symptomsAltered resting-state functional connectivityCombination antiretroviral therapyPersistent depressive symptomsUninfected control groupAmygdala seed regionPosterior cingulate/precuneusSymptoms of depressionVoxelwise regression analysesEmotion-related brain regionsAcute HIVChronic HIVThai HIVAntiretroviral therapyHIV RNASeed regionHIV infectionBlood biomarkersAHI groupLateral parietal regionsUninfected controlsLiver function test abnormalities in a longitudinal cohort of Thai individuals treated since acute HIV infection
Peluso MJ, Colby DJ, Pinyakorn S, Ubolyam S, Intasan J, Trichavaroj R, Chomchey N, Prueksakaew P, Slike BM, Krebs SJ, Jian N, Robb ML, Phanuphak P, Phanuphak N, Spudich S, Ananworanich J, Kroon E, , Teeratakulpisarn N, Pattanachaiwit S, Sacdalan C, Sriplienchan S, de Souza M, Tantivitayakul P, Poltavee K, Luekasemsuk T, Savadsuk H, Tipsuk S, Puttamsawin S, Benjapornpong K, Ratnaratorn N, Tangnaree K, Munkong C, Thaimanee R, Eamyoung P, Buranapraditkun S, Lerdlum S, Manasnayakorn S, Rerknimitr R, Sirivichayakul S, Wattanaboonyongcharoen P, Suttichom D, O'Connell R, Schuetz A, Hsu D, Akapirat S, Nuntapinit B, Tantibul N, Churikanont N, Getchalarat S, Michael N, Vasan S, Crowell T, Turk E, McCullough C, Butterworth O, Milazzo M, Anne Eller L. Liver function test abnormalities in a longitudinal cohort of Thai individuals treated since acute HIV infection. Journal Of The International AIDS Society 2020, 23: e25444. PMID: 31953919, PMCID: PMC6968973, DOI: 10.1002/jia2.25444.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute HIV infectionLiver function test abnormalitiesBaseline alanine aminotransferaseAntiretroviral therapyHIV infectionAlanine aminotransferaseALT elevationALT levelsTest abnormalitiesCopies/Baseline plasma HIV RNA levelElevated baseline alanine aminotransferasePlasma HIV RNA levelsBaseline ALT levelsBaseline HIV RNAConcomitant viral hepatitisEfavirenz-based regimensFiebig stage IIIFiebig stages IGrade 1 elevationImmediate antiretroviral therapyHIV RNA levelsEarly HIV infectionCombination of HIVThai individuals