2019
Potential for early antiretroviral therapy to reduce central nervous system HIV-1 persistence.
Spudich S, Peterson J, Fuchs D, Price RW, Gisslen M. Potential for early antiretroviral therapy to reduce central nervous system HIV-1 persistence. AIDS 2019, 33 Suppl 2: s135-s144. PMID: 31789814, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002326.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 infectionCentral nervous systemEarly antiretroviral therapyAntiretroviral therapyHIV-1 persistenceEarly treatmentInitiation of ARTCentral nervous inflammationEarly-treatment cohortHIV-1 exposureHIV-1 reservoirCourse of infectionClinical neurological diseaseCNS infectionHIV reservoirTreatment cohortsImmune activationCNS compartmentViral controlHIV-1Cerebrospinal fluidClinical reportsNervous systemEarly infectionNeurological diseases
2017
Neurofilament light chain protein as a marker of neuronal injury: review of its use in HIV-1 infection and reference values for HIV-negative controls
Yilmaz A, Blennow K, Hagberg L, Nilsson S, Price RW, Schouten J, Spudich S, Underwood J, Zetterberg H, Gisslén M. Neurofilament light chain protein as a marker of neuronal injury: review of its use in HIV-1 infection and reference values for HIV-negative controls. Expert Review Of Molecular Diagnostics 2017, 17: 761-770. PMID: 28598205, DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2017.1341313.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-negative controlsCSF NFL concentrationsNeuronal injuryNeurofilament proteinNfL concentrationsNeurofilament light chain proteinHIV CNS infectionEarly acute phaseHIV-1 infectionAge-related upper limitCNS infectionsSevere immunosuppressionAntiretroviral treatmentHIV infectionNeuronal damageAcute phaseCNS injuryCSF biomarkersLumbar punctureCSF concentrationsNerve conductionNeurological conditionsSensitive markerNeurological diseasesLight chain protein
2015
Neuropathogenesis of HIV: From Initial Neuroinvasion to HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)
Zayyad Z, Spudich S. Neuropathogenesis of HIV: From Initial Neuroinvasion to HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND). Current HIV/AIDS Reports 2015, 12: 16-24. PMID: 25604237, PMCID: PMC4741099, DOI: 10.1007/s11904-014-0255-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-Associated Neurocognitive DisordersCentral nervous systemCombination antiretroviral therapyNeurocognitive disordersTissue reservoirsInitial viral entryTargets of infectionCourse of infectionEarly-stage infectionHIV eradicationAntiretroviral therapyHIV neuropathogenesisSevere immunosuppressionClinical symptomsHIV replicationHIV epidemicLocal infectionCNS cellsPathological involvementPathogenetic processSevere formNervous systemNeurological diseasesAdvanced stageHIV
2014
Longitudinal Characterization of Depression and Mood States Beginning in Primary HIV Infection
Gold JA, Grill M, Peterson J, Pilcher C, Lee E, Hecht FM, Fuchs D, Yiannoutsos CT, Price RW, Robertson K, Spudich S. Longitudinal Characterization of Depression and Mood States Beginning in Primary HIV Infection. AIDS And Behavior 2014, 18: 1124-1132. PMID: 24385231, DOI: 10.1007/s10461-013-0688-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBeck Depression InventoryPrimary HIV infectionAntiretroviral therapyCerebrospinal fluidHIV infectionInitiation of ARTPresence of ARTNeuropsychological performanceMood States (POMS) subscalesPlasma HIV RNAEvaluation of moodChronic HIVHIV durationPHI subjectsHIV RNATotal followProspective studyAlbumin ratioBDI criteriaBDI scoresEarly courseClinical depressionNeurological diseasesLongitudinal courseDepression history
2010
Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin: an informative biomarker of central nervous system immune activation in HIV-1 infection
Hagberg L, Cinque P, Gisslen M, Brew BJ, Spudich S, Bestetti A, Price RW, Fuchs D. Cerebrospinal fluid neopterin: an informative biomarker of central nervous system immune activation in HIV-1 infection. AIDS Research And Therapy 2010, 7: 15. PMID: 20525234, PMCID: PMC2890504, DOI: 10.1186/1742-6405-7-15.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCSF HIV RNACSF neopterin concentrationsCSF neopterinCentral nervous systemIntrathecal immunoactivationCNS infectionsHIV RNANeopterin concentrationsImmune activationCerebrospinal fluidCentral nervous system immune activationNeurological diseasesBlood CD4 cell countCNS HIV infectionIntrathecal immune activationOngoing brain injuryOpportunistic CNS infectionsCD4 cell countCombination antiretroviral therapyCNS opportunistic infectionsMacrophage activation markersHIV-1 infectionSuppression of plasmaUntreated AIDS patientsAbsence of treatment
2009
Compartmentalized Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Originates from Long-Lived Cells in Some Subjects with HIV-1–Associated Dementia
Schnell G, Spudich S, Harrington P, Price RW, Swanstrom R. Compartmentalized Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Originates from Long-Lived Cells in Some Subjects with HIV-1–Associated Dementia. PLOS Pathogens 2009, 5: e1000395. PMID: 19390619, PMCID: PMC2668697, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000395.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1-associated dementiaCentral nervous systemAntiretroviral therapyCerebrospinal fluidNeurological diseasesAsymptomatic subjectsHIV-1-associated neurological diseasePeripheral CD4 cell countViral replicationHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1HIV-1 associated dementiaViral decayImmunodeficiency virus type 1HIV-1 genetic variantsCNS drug penetrationRapid viral decayViral decay kineticsCD4 cell countDrug-resistant virusesHigh viral loadHIV-1 variantsVirus type 1Productive viral replicationHAD subjectsCSF pleocytosis
2008
HIV/AIDS of the Central Nervous System
Spudich S. HIV/AIDS of the Central Nervous System. 2008, 430-445. DOI: 10.1016/b978-012373960-5.00019-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNeurological disordersMajority of HIVPublic health burdenDisease-specific therapiesCentral nervous systemHIV/AIDSAntiretroviral treatmentOpportunistic infectionsPeripheral nervesVascular disordersSpinal cordHealth burdenHIV-1Nervous systemImportant causeNeurological diseasesNutritional diseasesDisordersHIVInfectionAIDSDiseaseDisease epidemicsMorbidityNerve