2024
Neurosymptomatic HIV-1 CSF escape is associated with replication in CNS T cells and inflammation
Kincer L, Dravid A, Trunfio M, Calcagno A, Zhou S, Vercesi R, Spudich S, Gisslen M, Price R, Cinque P, Joseph S. Neurosymptomatic HIV-1 CSF escape is associated with replication in CNS T cells and inflammation. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2024, 134: e176358. PMID: 39352388, PMCID: PMC11444166, DOI: 10.1172/jci176358.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHIV-1 RNACD4+ T cellsHIV-1 populationsAntiretroviral therapyHIV-1T cellsCerebrospinal fluidCSF escapeCNS inflammationDetectable HIV-1 RNAImprovement of neurological symptomsAssociated with viral suppressionUntreated chronic infectionDrug-resistant virusesProgressive neurological deficitsCNS T cellsART regimenViral suppressionChronic infectionNeurological deficitsNeurological symptomsInflammatory biomarkersClinical consequencesVirus expressionPrimary infection
2021
Compartmentalization of cerebrospinal fluid inflammation across the spectrum of untreated HIV-1 infection, central nervous system injury and viral suppression
Gisslen M, Keating SM, Spudich S, Arechiga V, Stephenson S, Zetterberg H, Di Germanio C, Blennow K, Fuchs D, Hagberg L, Norris PJ, Peterson J, Shacklett BL, Yiannoutsos CT, Price RW. Compartmentalization of cerebrospinal fluid inflammation across the spectrum of untreated HIV-1 infection, central nervous system injury and viral suppression. PLOS ONE 2021, 16: e0250987. PMID: 33983973, PMCID: PMC8118251, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250987.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnti-Retroviral AgentsAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveBiomarkersCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCentral Nervous SystemCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansInflammationLeukocyte CountMaleMiddle AgedNeurofilament ProteinsRNA, ViralSerum AlbuminSustained Virologic ResponseConceptsHIV-1 infectionHIV-associated dementiaPrimary HIV-1 infectionBlood CD4CSF inflammationViral suppressionInflammatory biomarkersCNS injuryViral controlT lymphocytesCSF white blood cell countUntreated primary HIV-1 infectionBlood HIV-1 RNACentral nervous system inflammationCerebrospinal fluid inflammatory biomarkersCSF neurofilament light chainHIV-1 seronegative controlsHIV-1-infected subjectsHIV-1-uninfected controlsHIV-1 RNA concentrationsUntreated HIV-1 infectionWhite blood cell countBlood-brain barrier permeabilityCentral nervous system injuryCSF inflammatory response
2019
Persistent HIV-infected cells in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with poorer neurocognitive performance
Spudich S, Robertson KR, Bosch RJ, Gandhi RT, Cyktor JC, Mar H, Macatangay BJ, Lalama CM, Rinaldo C, Collier AC, Godfrey C, Eron JJ, McMahon D, Jacobs JL, Koontz D, Hogg E, Vecchio A, Mellors JW. Persistent HIV-infected cells in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with poorer neurocognitive performance. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2019, 129: 3339-3346. PMID: 31305262, PMCID: PMC6668666, DOI: 10.1172/jci127413.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLong-term antiretroviral therapyPeripheral blood mononuclear cellsAntiretroviral therapyHIV RNACerebrospinal fluidPoorer neurocognitive performanceInflammatory biomarkersNeurocognitive performanceCell-associated HIV DNACell-free HIV RNAHigher plasma HIV RNAYears of ARTCSF HIV RNACSF inflammatory biomarkersWorse neurocognitive outcomesNadir CD4 countPlasma HIV RNABlood mononuclear cellsQuantitative PCRGlobal deficit scoreHalf of individualsCell-free RNACSF supernatantHIV persistenceCD4 count