HLA-C downregulation by HIV-1 adapts to host HLA genotype
Bachtel ND, Umviligihozo G, Pickering S, Mota T, Liang H, Del Prete GQ, Chatterjee P, Lee GQ, Thomas R, Brockman MA, Neil S, Carrington M, Bwana B, Bangsberg DR, Martin JN, Kallas EG, Donini C, Cerqueira NB, O’Doherty U, Hahn BH, Jones RB, Brumme ZL, Nixon DF, Apps R. HLA-C downregulation by HIV-1 adapts to host HLA genotype. PLOS Pathogens 2018, 14: e1007257. PMID: 30180214, PMCID: PMC6138419, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007257.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAmino Acid SequenceDisease ReservoirsDown-RegulationGenetic VariationGenotypeHIV InfectionsHIV-1HLA-C AntigensHost-Pathogen InteractionsHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ProteinsHumansImmune EvasionViral Regulatory and Accessory ProteinsConceptsViral downregulationHLA-C allelesHLA-C expressionChronic infectionHLA genotypeHIV-1Primary HIV-1 variantsPrimary HIV-1 virusesEffective anti-retroviral therapyAnti-retroviral therapyTreatment-naïve individualsDownregulation of HLAMonths of infectionHIV-1 variantsViral immune evasionHIV-1 virusSurface HLACTL responsesUntreated infectionViral protein VpuImmune evasionHLAInfectionInfected cellsDownregulation