2018
Measuring performance on the Healthcare Access and Quality Index for 195 countries and territories and selected subnational locations: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Collaborators G, Fullman N, Yearwood J, Abay S, Abbafati C, Abd-Allah F, Abdela J, Abdelalim A, Abebe Z, Abebo T, Aboyans V, Abraha H, Abreu D, Abu-Raddad L, Adane A, Adedoyin R, Adetokunboh O, Adhikari T, Afarideh M, Afshin A, Agarwal G, Agius D, Agrawal A, Agrawal S, Kiadaliri A, Aichour M, Akibu M, Akinyemi R, Akinyemiju T, Akseer N, Al Lami F, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Alam K, Alam T, Alasfoor D, Albittar M, Alene K, Al-Eyadhy A, Ali S, Alijanzadeh M, Aljunid S, Alkerwi A, Alla F, Allebeck P, Allen C, Alomari M, Al-Raddadi R, Alsharif U, Altirkawi K, Alvis-Guzman N, Amare A, Amenu K, Ammar W, Amoako Y, Anber N, Andrei C, Androudi S, Antonio C, Araújo V, Aremu O, Ärnlöv J, Artaman A, Aryal K, Asayesh H, Asfaw E, Asgedom S, Asghar R, Ashebir M, Asseffa N, Atey T, Atre S, Atteraya M, Avila-Burgos L, Avokpaho E, Awasthi A, Quintanilla B, Ayalew A, Ayele H, Ayer R, Ayuk T, Azzopardi P, Azzopardi-Muscat N, Babalola T, Badali H, Badawi A, Banach M, Banerjee A, Banstola A, Barber R, Barboza M, Barker-Collo S, Bärnighausen T, Barquera S, Barrero L, Bassat Q, Basu S, Baune B, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Bedi N, Beghi E, Behzadifar M, Behzadifar M, Bekele B, Belachew A, Belay S, Belay Y, Bell M, Bello A, Bennett D, Bennett J, Bensenor I, Berhe D, Bernabé E, Bernstein R, Beuran M, Bhalla A, Bhatt P, Bhaumik S, Bhutta Z, Biadgo B, Bijani A, Bikbov B, Birungi C, Biryukov S, Bizuneh H, Bolliger I, Bolt K, Bou-Orm I, Bozorgmehr K, Brady O, Brazinova A, Breitborde N, Brenner H, Britton G, Brugha T, Butt Z, Cahuana-Hurtado L, Campos-Nonato I, Campuzano J, Car J, Car M, Cárdenas R, Carrero J, Carvalho F, Castañeda-Orjuela C, Rivas J, Catalá-López F, Cercy K, Chalek J, Chang H, Chang J, Chattopadhyay A, Chaturvedi P, Chiang P, Chisumpa V, Choi J, Christensen H, Christopher D, Chung S, Ciobanu L, Cirillo M, Colombara D, Conti S, Cooper C, Cornaby L, Cortesi P, Cortinovis M, Pereira A, Cousin E, Criqui M, Cromwell E, Crowe C, Crump J, Daba A, Dachew B, Dadi A, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dargan P, Daryani A, Daryani M, Das J, Das S, Neves J, Weaver N, Davletov K, de Courten B, De Leo D, De Neve J, Dellavalle R, Demoz G, Deribe K, Jarlais D, Dey S, Dharmaratne S, Dhimal M, Djalalinia S, Doku D, Dolan K, Dorsey E, dos Santos K, Doyle K, Driscoll T, Dubey M, Dubljanin E, Duncan B, Echko M, Edessa D, Edvardsson D, Ehrlich J, Eldrenkamp E, El-Khatib Z, Endres M, Endries A, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Esteghamati A, Fakhar, Farag T, Faramarzi M, Faraon E, Faro A, Farzadfar F, Fatusi A, Fazeli M, Feigin V, Feigl A, Fentahun N, Fereshtehnejad S, Fernandes E, Fernandes J, Fijabi D, Filip I, Fischer F, Fitzmaurice C, Flaxman A, Flor L, Foigt N, Foreman K, Frostad J, Fürst T, Futran N, Gakidou E, Gallus S, Gambashidze K, Gamkrelidze A, Ganji M, Gebre A, Gebrehiwot T, Gebremedhin A, Gelaw Y, Geleijnse J, Geremew D, Gething P, Ghadimi R, Falavarjani K, Ghasemi-Kasman M, Gill P, Giref A, Giroud M, Gishu M, Giussani G, Godwin W, Goli S, Gomez-Dantes H, Gona P, Goodridge A, Gopalani S, Goryakin Y, Goulart A, Grada A, Griswold M, Grosso G, Gugnani H, Guo Y, Gupta R, Gupta R, Gupta T, Gupta T, Gupta V, Haagsma J, Hachinski V, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hailu G, Hamadeh R, Hamidi S, Hankey G, Harb H, Harewood H, Harikrishnan S, Haro J, Hassen H, Havmoeller R, Hawley C, Hay S, He J, Hearps S, Hegazy M, Heibati B, Heidari M, Hendrie D, Henry N, Ballesteros V, Herteliu C, Hibstu D, Hiluf M, Hoek H, Rad E, Horita N, Hosgood H, Hosseini M, Hosseini S, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Hoy D, Hsairi M, Htet A, Hu G, Huang J, Iburg K, Idris F, Igumbor E, Ikeda C, Ileanu B, Ilesanmi O, Innos K, Irvani S, Irvine C, Islami F, Jacobs T, Jacobsen K, Jahanmehr N, Jain R, Jain S, Jakovljevic M, Jalu M, Jamal A, Javanbakht M, Jayatilleke A, Jeemon P, Jha R, Jha V, Jóúwiak J, John O, Johnson S, Jonas J, Joshua V, Jürisson M, Kabir Z, Kadel R, Kahsay A, Kalani R, Kar C, Karanikolos M, Karch A, Karema C, Karimi S, Kasaeian A, Kassa D, Kassa G, Kassa T, Kassebaum N, Katikireddi S, Kaul A, Kawakami N, Kazanjan K, Kebede S, Keiyoro P, Kemp G, Kengne A, Kereselidze M, Ketema E, Khader Y, Khafaie M, Khajavi A, Khalil I, Khan E, Khan G, Khan N, Khan M, Khanal M, Khang Y, Khater M, Khoja A, Khosravi A, Khubchandani J, Kibret G, Kiirithio D, Kim D, Kim Y, Kimokoti R, Kinfu Y, Kinra S, Kisa A, Kissoon N, Kochhar S, Kokubo Y, Kopec J, Kosen S, Koul P, Koyanagi A, Kravchenko M, Krishan K, Krohn K, Defo B, Kumar G, Kumar P, Kutz M, Kuzin I, Kyu H, Lad D, Lafranconi A, Lal D, Lalloo R, Lam H, Lan Q, Lang J, Lansingh V, Lansky S, Larsson A, Latifi A, Lazarus J, Leasher J, Lee P, Legesse Y, Leigh J, Leshargie C, Leta S, Leung J, Leung R, Levi M, Li Y, Liang J, Liben M, Lim L, Lim S, Lind M, Linn S, Listl S, Liu P, Liu S, Lodha R, Lopez A, Lorch S, Lorkowski S, Lotufo P, Lucas T, Lunevicius R, Lurton G, Lyons R, Maalouf F, Macarayan E, Mackay M, Maddison E, Madotto F, Razek H, Razek M, Majdan M, Majdzadeh R, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Malhotra R, Malta D, Mamun A, Manhertz T, Manguerra H, Mansournia M, Mantovani L, Manyazewal T, Mapoma C, Margono C, Martinez-Raga J, Martins S, Martins-Melo F, Martopullo I, März W, Massenburg B, Mathur M, Maulik P, Mazidi M, McAlinden C, McGrath J, McKee M, Mehata S, Mehrotra R, Mehta K, Mehta V, Meier T, Mejia-Rodriguez F, Meles K, Melku M, Memiah P, Memish Z, Mendoza W, Mengiste D, Mengistu D, Menota B, Mensah G, Meretoja A, Meretoja T, Mezgebe H, Miazgowski T, Micha R, Milam R, Millear A, Miller T, Mini G, Minnig S, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov E, Misganaw A, Mitchell P, Mlashu F, Moazen B, Mohammad K, Mohammadibakhsh R, Mohammed E, Mohammed M, Mohammed S, Mokdad A, Mola G, Molokhia M, Momeniha F, Monasta L, Hernandez J, Moosazadeh M, Moradi-Lakeh M, Moraga P, Morawska L, Velasquez I, Mori R, Morrison S, Moses M, Mousavi S, Mueller U, Murhekar M, Murthy G, Murthy S, Musa J, Musa K, Mustafa G, Muthupandian S, Nagata C, Nagel G, Naghavi M, Naheed A, Naik G, Naik N, Najafi F, Naldi L, Nangia V, Nansseu J, Narayan K, Nascimento B, Negoi I, Negoi R, Newton C, Ngunjiri J, Nguyen G, Nguyen L, Nguyen T, Nichols E, Ningrum D, Nolte E, Nong V, Norheim O, Norrving B, Noubiap J, Nyandwi A, Obermeyer C, Ofori-Asenso R, Ogbo F, Oh I, Oladimeji O, Olagunju A, Olagunju T, Olivares P, de Oliveira P, Olsen H, Olusanya B, Olusanya J, Ong K, Opio J, Oren E, Ortega-Altamirano D, Ortiz A, Ozdemir R, Mahesh P, Pain A, Palone M, Pana A, Panda-Jonas S, Pandian J, Park E, Parsian H, Patel T, Pati S, Patil S, Patle A, Patton G, Paturi V, Paudel D, de Moares Pedroso M, Pedroza S, Pereira D, Perico N, Peterson H, Petzold M, Peykari N, Phillips M, Piel F, Pigott D, Pillay J, Piradov M, Polinder S, Pond C, Postma M, Pourmalek F, Prakash S, Prakash V, Prasad N, Prasad N, Purcell C, Qorbani M, Quintana H, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rafiei A, Rahimi K, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rahman M, Rahman S, Kumar R, Raju S, Ram U, Rana S, Rankin Z, Rasella D, Rawaf D, Rawaf S, Ray S, Razo-García C, Reddy P, Reiner R, Reis C, Reitsma M, Remuzzi G, Renzaho A, Resnikoff S, Rezaei S, Rezai M, Ribeiro A, Blancas M, Rivera J, Roever L, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Rostami A, Roth G, Rothenbacher D, Roy A, Roy N, Ruhago G, Sabde Y, Sachdev P, Sadat N, Safdarian, Safiri S, Sagar R, Sahebkar A, Sahraian M, Sajadi H, Salama J, Salamati P, de Freitas Saldanha R, Salimzadeh H, Salomon J, Samy A, Sanabria J, Sancheti P, Sanchez-Niño M, Santomauro D, Santos I, Milicevic M, Sarker A, Sarrafzadegan N, Sartorius B, Satpathy M, Savic M, Sawhney M, Saxena S, Saylan M, Schaeffner E, Schmidhuber J, Schmidt M, Schneider I, Schumacher A, Schutte A, Schwebel D, Schwendicke F, Sekerija M, Sepanlou S, Servan-Mori E, Shafieesabet A, Shaikh M, Shakh-Nazarova M, Shams-Beyranvand M, Sharafi H, Sharif-Alhoseini, Islam M, Sharma M, Sharma R, She J, Sheikh A, Shfare M, Shi P, Shields C, Shigematsu M, Shinohara Y, Shiri R, Shirkoohi R, Shiue I, Shrime M, Shukla S, Siabani S, Sigfusdottir I, Silberberg D, Silva D, Silva J, Silveira D, Singh J, Singh L, Singh N, Singh V, Sinha D, Sinke A, Sisay M, Skirbekk V, Sliwa K, Smith A, Filho A, Sobaih B, Somai M, Soneji S, Soofi M, Sorensen R, Soriano J, Soyiri I, Sposato L, Sreeramareddy C, Srinivasan V, Stanaway J, Stathopoulou V, Steel N, Stein D, Stokes M, Sturua L, Sufiyan M, Suliankatchi R, Sunguya B, Sur P, Sykes B, Sylaja P, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tadakamadla S, Tadesse A, Taffere G, Tandon N, Tariku A, Taveira N, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Shifa G, Temsah M, Terkawi A, Tesema A, Tesfaye D, Tessema B, Thakur J, Thomas N, Thompson M, Tillmann T, To Q, Tobe-Gai R, Tonelli M, Topor-Madry R, Topouzis F, Torre A, Tortajada M, Tran B, Tran K, Tripathi A, Tripathy S, Troeger C, Truelsen T, Tsoi D, Car L, Tuem K, Tyrovolas S, Uchendu U, Ukwaja K, Ullah I, Updike R, Uthman O, Uzochukwu B, Valdez P, van Boven J, Varughese S, Vasankari T, Violante F, Vladimirov S, Vlassov V, Vollset S, Vos T, Wagnew F, Waheed Y, Wallin M, Walson J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wassie M, Weaver M, Weiderpass E, Weintraub R, Weiss J, Weldegwergs K, Werdecker A, West T, Westerman R, White R, Whiteford H, Widecka J, Winkler A, Wiysonge C, DA Wolfe C, Wondimkun Y, Workicho A, Wyper G, Xavier D, Xu G, Yan L, Yano Y, Yaseri M, Yimer N, Yin P, Yip P, Yirsaw B, Yonemoto N, Yonga G, Yoon S, Yotebieng M, Younis M, Yu C, Zadnik V, Zaidi Z, Zaki M, Bin Zaman S, Zamani M, Zenebe Z, Zhou M, Zhu J, Zimsen S, Zipkin B, Zodpey S, Zuhlke L, Murray C, Lozano R. Measuring performance on the Healthcare Access and Quality Index for 195 countries and territories and selected subnational locations: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet 2018, 391: 2236-2271. PMID: 29893224, PMCID: PMC5986687, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)30994-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth care accessHigh-middle SDI countriesSocio-demographic IndexSDI countriesNon-communicable diseasesGBD 2016HAQ indexQuality health careHealth careGlobal burdenHealthcare accessSecondary health care servicesRisk Factors Study 2016Middle SDI countriesCause-specific deathRisk factor patternsDisease Study 2016Vaccine-preventable diseasesCancer registry dataHealth service areasTotal health spendingKey health servicesPublic health programsHealth care servicesHealth system inputs
2015
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
Collaborators G, Forouzanfar MH, Alexander L, Anderson HR, Bachman VF, Biryukov S, Brauer M, Burnett R, Casey D, Coates MM, Cohen A, Delwiche K, Estep K, Frostad JJ, Astha K, Kyu HH, Moradi-Lakeh M, Ng M, Slepak EL, Thomas BA, Wagner J, Aasvang GM, Abbafati C, Ozgoren A, Abd-Allah F, Abera SF, Aboyans V, Abraham B, Abraham JP, Abubakar I, Abu-Rmeileh NM, Aburto TC, Achoki T, Adelekan A, Adofo K, Adou AK, Adsuar JC, Afshin A, Agardh EE, Al Khabouri M, Al Lami F, Alam SS, Alasfoor D, Albittar MI, Alegretti MA, Aleman AV, Alemu ZA, Alfonso-Cristancho R, Alhabib S, Ali R, Ali MK, Alla F, Allebeck P, Allen PJ, Alsharif U, Alvarez E, Alvis-Guzman N, Amankwaa AA, Amare AT, Ameh EA, Ameli O, Amini H, Ammar W, Anderson BO, Antonio CA, Anwari P, Cunningham S, Arnlöv J, Arsenijevic VS, Artaman A, Asghar RJ, Assadi R, Atkins LS, Atkinson C, Avila MA, Awuah B, Badawi A, Bahit MC, Bakfalouni T, Balakrishnan K, Balalla S, Balu RK, Banerjee A, Barber RM, Barker-Collo SL, Barquera S, Barregard L, Barrero LH, Barrientos-Gutierrez T, Basto-Abreu AC, Basu A, Basu S, Basulaiman MO, Ruvalcaba C, Beardsley J, Bedi N, Bekele T, Bell ML, Benjet C, Bennett DA, Benzian H, Bernabé E, Beyene TJ, Bhala N, Bhalla A, Bhutta ZA, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak AA, Blore JD, Blyth FM, Bohensky MA, Başara B, Borges G, Bornstein NM, Bose D, Boufous S, Bourne RR, Brainin M, Brazinova A, Breitborde NJ, Brenner H, Briggs AD, Broday DM, Brooks PM, Bruce NG, Brugha TS, Brunekreef B, Buchbinder R, Bui LN, Bukhman G, Bulloch AG, Burch M, Burney PG, Campos-Nonato IR, Campuzano JC, Cantoral AJ, Caravanos J, Cárdenas R, Cardis E, Carpenter DO, Caso V, Castañeda-Orjuela CA, Castro RE, Catalá-López F, Cavalleri F, Çavlin A, Chadha VK, Chang JC, Charlson FJ, Chen H, Chen W, Chen Z, Chiang PP, Chimed-Ochir O, Chowdhury R, Christophi CA, Chuang TW, Chugh SS, Cirillo M, Claßen T, Colistro V, Colomar M, Colquhoun SM, Contreras AG, Cooper C, Cooperrider K, Cooper LT, Coresh J, Courville KJ, Criqui MH, Cuevas-Nasu L, Damsere-Derry J, Danawi H, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dargan PI, Davis A, Davitoiu DV, Dayama A, de Castro EF, De la Cruz-Góngora V, De Leo D, de Lima G, Degenhardt L, del Pozo-Cruz B, Dellavalle RP, Deribe K, Derrett S, Jarlais D, Dessalegn M, deVeber GA, Devries KM, Dharmaratne SD, Dherani MK, Dicker D, Ding EL, Dokova K, Dorsey ER, Driscoll TR, Duan L, Durrani AM, Ebel BE, Ellenbogen RG, Elshrek YM, Endres M, Ermakov SP, Erskine HE, Eshrati B, Esteghamati A, Fahimi S, Faraon EJ, Farzadfar F, Fay DF, Feigin VL, Feigl AB, Fereshtehnejad SM, Ferrari AJ, Ferri CP, Flaxman AD, Fleming TD, Foigt N, Foreman KJ, Paleo UF, Franklin RC, Gabbe B, Gaffikin L, Gakidou E, Gamkrelidze A, Gankpé FG, Gansevoort RT, García-Guerra FA, Gasana E, Geleijnse JM, Gessner BD, Gething P, Gibney KB, Gillum RF, Ginawi IA, Giroud M, Giussani G, Goenka S, Goginashvili K, Dantes H, Gona P, de Cosio T, González-Castell D, Gotay CC, Goto A, Gouda HN, Guerrant RL, Gugnani HC, Guillemin F, Gunnell D, Gupta R, Gupta R, Gutiérrez RA, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hagan H, Hagstromer M, Halasa YA, Hamadeh RR, Hammami M, Hankey GJ, Hao Y, Harb HL, Haregu TN, Haro JM, Havmoeller R, Hay SI, Hedayati MT, Heredia-Pi IB, Hernandez L, Heuton KR, Heydarpour P, Hijar M, Hoek HW, Hoffman HJ, Hornberger JC, Hosgood HD, Hoy DG, Hsairi M, Hu G, Hu H, Huang C, Huang JJ, Hubbell BJ, Huiart L, Husseini A, Iannarone ML, Iburg KM, Idrisov BT, Ikeda N, Innos K, Inoue M, Islami F, Ismayilova S, Jacobsen KH, Jansen HA, Jarvis DL, Jassal SK, Jauregui A, Jayaraman S, Jeemon P, Jensen PN, Jha V, Jiang F, Jiang G, Jiang Y, Jonas JB, Juel K, Kan H, Roseline S, Karam NE, Karch A, Karema CK, Karthikeyan G, Kaul A, Kawakami N, Kazi DS, Kemp AH, Kengne AP, Keren A, Khader YS, Khalifa SE, Khan EA, Khang YH, Khatibzadeh S, Khonelidze I, Kieling C, Kim D, Kim S, Kim Y, Kimokoti RW, Kinfu Y, Kinge JM, Kissela BM, Kivipelto M, Knibbs LD, Knudsen AK, Kokubo Y, Kose MR, Kosen S, Kraemer A, Kravchenko M, Krishnaswami S, Kromhout H, Ku T, Defo B, Bicer B, Kuipers EJ, Kulkarni C, Kulkarni VS, Kumar GA, Kwan GF, Lai T, Balaji A, Lalloo R, Lallukka T, Lam H, Lan Q, Lansingh V, Larson HJ, Larsson A, Laryea DO, Lavados PM, Lawrynowicz AE, Leasher JL, Lee JT, Leigh J, Leung R, Levi M, Li Y, Li Y, Liang J, Liang X, Lim SS, Lindsay MP, Lipshultz SE, Liu S, Liu Y, Lloyd BK, Logroscino G, London SJ, Lopez N, Lortet-Tieulent J, Lotufo PA, Lozano R, Lunevicius R, Ma J, Ma S, Machado VM, MacIntyre MF, Magis-Rodriguez C, Mahdi AA, Majdan M, Malekzadeh R, Mangalam S, Mapoma CC, Marape M, Marcenes W, Margolis DJ, Margono C, Marks GB, Martin RV, Marzan MB, Mashal MT, Masiye F, Mason-Jones AJ, Matsushita K, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi BM, Mazorodze TT, McKay AC, McKee M, McLain A, Meaney PA, Medina C, Mehndiratta MM, Mejia-Rodriguez F, Mekonnen W, Melaku YA, Meltzer M, Memish ZA, Mendoza W, Mensah GA, Meretoja A, Mhimbira FA, Micha R, Miller TR, Mills EJ, Misganaw A, Mishra S, Ibrahim N, Mohammad KA, Mokdad AH, Mola GL, Monasta L, Hernandez J, Montico M, Moore AR, Morawska L, Mori R, Moschandreas J, Moturi WN, Mozaffarian D, Mueller UO, Mukaigawara M, Mullany EC, Murthy KS, Naghavi M, Nahas Z, Naheed A, Naidoo KS, Naldi L, Nand D, Nangia V, Narayan K, Nash D, Neal B, Nejjari C, Neupane SP, Newton CR, Ngalesoni FN, de Dieu Ngirabega J, Nguyen G, Nguyen NT, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Nisar MI, Nogueira JR, Nolla JM, Nolte S, Norheim OF, Norman RE, Norrving B, Nyakarahuka L, Oh IH, Ohkubo T, Olusanya BO, Omer SB, Opio JN, Orozco R, Pagcatipunan RS, Pain AW, Pandian JD, Panelo CI, Papachristou C, Park EK, Parry CD, Caicedo A, Patten SB, Paul VK, Pavlin BI, Pearce N, Pedraza LS, Pedroza A, Stokic L, Pekericli A, Pereira DM, Perez-Padilla R, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Perry SA, Pervaiz A, Pesudovs K, Peterson CB, Petzold M, Phillips MR, Phua HP, Plass D, Poenaru D, Polanczyk GV, Polinder S, Pond CD, Pope CA, Pope D, Popova S, Pourmalek F, Powles J, Prabhakaran D, Prasad NM, Qato DM, Quezada AD, Quistberg DA, Racapé L, Rafay A, Rahimi K, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman SU, Raju M, Rakovac I, Rana SM, Rao M, Razavi H, Reddy KS, Refaat AH, Rehm J, Remuzzi G, Ribeiro AL, Riccio PM, Richardson L, Riederer A, Robinson M, Roca A, Rodriguez A, Rojas-Rueda D, Romieu I, Ronfani L, Room R, Roy N, Ruhago GM, Rushton L, Sabin N, Sacco RL, Saha S, Sahathevan R, Sahraian MA, Salomon JA, Salvo D, Sampson UK, Sanabria JR, Sanchez LM, Sánchez-Pimienta TG, Sanchez-Riera L, Sandar L, Santos IS, Sapkota A, Satpathy M, Saunders JE, Sawhney M, Saylan MI, Scarborough P, Schmidt JC, Schneider IJ, Schöttker B, Schwebel DC, Scott JG, Seedat S, Sepanlou SG, Serdar B, Servan-Mori EE, Shaddick G, Shahraz S, Levy TS, Shangguan S, She J, Sheikhbahaei S, Shibuya K, Shin HH, Shinohara Y, Shiri R, Shishani K, Shiue I, Sigfusdottir ID, Silberberg DH, Simard EP, Sindi S, Singh A, Singh GM, Singh JA, Skirbekk V, Sliwa K, Soljak M, Soneji S, Søreide K, Soshnikov S, Sposato LA, Sreeramareddy CT, Stapelberg NJ, Stathopoulou V, Steckling N, Stein DJ, Stein MB, Stephens N, Stöckl H, Straif K, Stroumpoulis K, Sturua L, Sunguya BF, Swaminathan S, Swaroop M, Sykes BL, Tabb KM, Takahashi K, Talongwa RT, Tandon N, Tanne D, Tanner M, Tavakkoli M, Ao B, Teixeira CM, Rojo M, Terkawi AS, Texcalac-Sangrador JL, Thackway SV, Thomson B, Thorne-Lyman AL, Thrift AG, Thurston GD, Tillmann T, Tobollik M, Tonelli M, Topouzis F, Towbin JA, Toyoshima H, Traebert J, Tran BX, Trasande L, Trillini M, Trujillo U, Dimbuene ZT, Tsilimbaris M, Tuzcu EM, Uchendu US, Ukwaja KN, Uzun SB, van de Vijver S, Van Dingenen R, van Gool CH, van Os J, Varakin YY, Vasankari TJ, Vasconcelos AM, Vavilala MS, Veerman LJ, Velasquez-Melendez G, Venketasubramanian N, Vijayakumar L, Villalpando S, Violante FS, Vlassov VV, Vollset SE, Wagner GR, Waller SG, Wallin MT, Wan X, Wang H, Wang J, Wang L, Wang W, Wang Y, Warouw TS, Watts CH, Weichenthal S, Weiderpass E, Weintraub RG, Werdecker A, Wessells KR, Westerman R, Whiteford HA, Wilkinson JD, Williams HC, Williams TN, Woldeyohannes SM, Wolfe CD, Wong JQ, Woolf AD, Wright JL, Wurtz B, Xu G, Yan LL, Yang G, Yano Y, Ye P, Yenesew M, Yentür GK, Yip P, Yonemoto N, Yoon SJ, Younis MZ, Younoussi Z, Yu C, Zaki ME, Zhao Y, Zheng Y, Zhou M, Zhu J, Zhu S, Zou X, Zunt JR, Lopez AD, Vos T, Murray CJ. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The Lancet 2015, 386: 2287-2323. PMID: 26364544, PMCID: PMC4685753, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)00128-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigher systolic blood pressureHigher body mass indexBody mass indexSystolic blood pressureClusters of risksTheoretical minimum risk exposure levelBlood pressureRisk factorsMetabolic riskRelative riskUnsafe sexAttributable burdenMaternal malnutritionGlobal DALYsHigh-income countriesGlobal burdenBayesian meta-regression methodNational comparative risk assessmentLow glomerular filtration rateDisMod-MR 2.0GBD 2010 methodsRisk-outcome pairsModifiable risk factorsGlomerular filtration rateRisk factor patterns