Management and Outcome of High-Grade Hepatic and Splenic Injuries
Presser E, Sznol J, Schuster K. Management and Outcome of High-Grade Hepatic and Splenic Injuries. Current Surgery Reports 2023, 11: 55-63. DOI: 10.1007/s40137-023-00344-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSplenic injuryOperative interventionUnstable patientsTrauma grade IVHigh-grade injuriesModality of choiceTransient respondersActive bleedingGrade injuriesSerial examsStable patientsSignificant morbidityPermissive hypotensionEndovascular interventionPrehospital interventionsRadiological studiesTrauma bayBlood productsGrade IVPatientsSecondary surveyInjuryExact indicationsClass IIIActive signs