2007
Antiglutamatergic Strategies for Ethanol Detoxification: Comparison With Placebo and Diazepam
Krupitsky EM, Rudenko AA, Burakov AM, Slavina TY, Grinenko AA, Pittman B, Gueorguieva R, Petrakis IL, Zvartau EE, Krystal JH. Antiglutamatergic Strategies for Ethanol Detoxification: Comparison With Placebo and Diazepam. Alcohol Clinical And Experimental Research 2007, 31: 604-611. PMID: 17374039, DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00344.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAlcohol withdrawal symptomsWithdrawal symptomsActive medicationAlcohol withdrawalGlutamatergic activationEthanol detoxificationAspartate glutamate receptor antagonistGlutamate release inhibitorGlutamate receptor antagonistsMale alcohol-dependent inpatientsAdditional diazepamDiazepam administrationClinical evidenceStandard pharmacotherapyReceptor antagonistAlcohol-dependent inpatientsRelease inhibitorEthanol dependenceAlcohol abstinenceGlutamate receptorsReceptor inhibitorsWithdrawal severityPlaceboMedicationsNew treatments
2006
γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors and Alcoholism: Intoxication, Dependence, Vulnerability, and Treatment
Krystal JH, Staley J, Mason G, Petrakis IL, Kaufman J, Harris RA, Gelernter J, Lappalainen J. γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors and Alcoholism: Intoxication, Dependence, Vulnerability, and Treatment. JAMA Psychiatry 2006, 63: 957-968. PMID: 16952998, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.63.9.957.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBrain GABA systemsGABA systemAlcohol dependenceWithdrawal symptomsGABA functionGamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) functionCortical GABA levelsAlcohol withdrawal symptomsΓ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A ReceptorsEnvironmental risk factorsLong-term alcohol effectsType A ReceptorsAlcohol-dependent individualsLong-term sobrietyGABA releaseNeurosteroid levelsAcute withdrawalAlcoholism vulnerabilityGABA neurotransmissionRisk factorsGABA levelsExtrasynaptic locationsLow chloride conductanceReceptor densityTonic component
2005
Cortical Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Levels and the Recovery from Ethanol Dependence: Preliminary Evidence of Modification by Cigarette Smoking
Mason GF, Petrakis IL, de Graaf RA, Gueorguieva R, Guidone E, Coric V, Epperson CN, Rothman DL, Krystal JH. Cortical Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Levels and the Recovery from Ethanol Dependence: Preliminary Evidence of Modification by Cigarette Smoking. Biological Psychiatry 2005, 59: 85-93. PMID: 16289397, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.06.009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEthanol-dependent patientsTobacco smokingEthanol dependenceHealthy subjectsN-acetylaspartateCortical gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levelsGamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levelsCortical GABA levelsCortical GABA systemAlcohol withdrawal symptomsAcute ethanol withdrawalComorbidity of alcoholismProton magnetic resonance spectroscopyGamma-aminobutyric acidCortical GABASmoking patientsEthanol withdrawalCigarette smokingGABA systemHealthy menWithdrawal symptomsGABA levelsClinical dataNAA levelsWithdrawal severity
1991
NO Association Between an Allele at the D2 Dopamine Receptor Gene (DRD2) and Alcoholism
Gelernter J, O'Malley S, Risch N, Kranzler HR, Krystal J, Merikangas K, Kennedy JL, Kidd KK. NO Association Between an Allele at the D2 Dopamine Receptor Gene (DRD2) and Alcoholism. JAMA 1991, 266: 1801-1807. PMID: 1832467, DOI: 10.1001/jama.1991.03470130081033.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsControl groupA1 allelePopulation control groupPhysical withdrawal symptomsRandom population controlsSignificant differencesAge of onsetRecent alcohol consumptionAllele frequenciesD2 dopamine receptor geneAntisocial personality disorderWithdrawal symptomsFamily historyAlcoholic subjectsDirect structured interviewsGroup overallAllelic associationDopamine receptor geneAlcohol consumptionAlcohol dependenceControl populationPositive allelic associationAlcoholismPersonality disorderWhite individuals
1990
Opioid antagonist challenges in buprenorphine maintained patients
Kosten T, Krystal J, Charney D, Price L, Morgan C, Kleber H. Opioid antagonist challenges in buprenorphine maintained patients. Drug And Alcohol Dependence 1990, 25: 73-78. PMID: 2323312, DOI: 10.1016/0376-8716(90)90144-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSublingual buprenorphine treatmentBlood pressure increaseDouble-blind placeboOpioid withdrawal symptomsBlind placeboIntravenous naloxoneNaltrexone challengeOral naltrexoneLast doseBlood pressureBuprenorphine treatmentPlacebo substitutionMHPG levelsWithdrawal symptomsPlacebo challengeSignificant symptomsAntagonist challengeBuprenorphinePatientsPlaceboNaloxoneSymptomsNaltrexoneDoseMonths