2022
Prefrontal Glutamate Neurotransmission in PTSD: A Novel Approach to Estimate Synaptic Strength in Vivo in Humans
Averill LA, Jiang L, Purohit P, Coppoli A, Averill CL, Roscoe J, Kelmendi B, De Feyter HM, de Graaf RA, Gueorguieva R, Sanacora G, Krystal JH, Rothman DL, Mason GF, Abdallah CG. Prefrontal Glutamate Neurotransmission in PTSD: A Novel Approach to Estimate Synaptic Strength in Vivo in Humans. Chronic Stress 2022, 6: 24705470221092734. PMID: 35434443, PMCID: PMC9008809, DOI: 10.1177/24705470221092734.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchGlutamatergic synaptic strengthSynaptic strengthPathophysiology of PTSDNovel putative biomarkersTrauma-related psychopathologyMagnetic resonance spectroscopyGlutamate neurotransmissionHealthy controlsNew treatmentsChronic stressPatientsPutative biomarkersEffects of sexPTSDNeurotransmissionPosttraumatic stressAgePsychopathologyEPCPathophysiologyStudy resultsTraumaBiomarkers
2021
Attachment Style Moderates Polygenic Risk for Incident Posttraumatic Stress in U.S. Military Veterans: A 7-Year, Nationally Representative, Prospective Cohort Study
Tamman AJF, Wendt FR, Pathak GA, Krystal JH, Southwick SM, Sippel LM, Gelernter J, Polimanti R, Pietrzak RH. Attachment Style Moderates Polygenic Risk for Incident Posttraumatic Stress in U.S. Military Veterans: A 7-Year, Nationally Representative, Prospective Cohort Study. Biological Psychiatry 2021, 91: 637-646. PMID: 34955171, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.025.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderAttachment styleU.S. military veteransIncident posttraumatic stress disorderSocial environmental factorsDevelopment of PTSDMilitary veteransInsecure attachment stylesSecure attachment stylePolygenic riskEffect of PRSLifetime trauma burdenPTSD preventionPosttraumatic stressPTSD developmentPTSD symptomsStress disorderPolygenic risk scoresHigh polygenic riskProspective designNationally RepresentativePotential pharmacotherapyMultivariate geneStyleVeterans
2020
Longitudinal Relationships between Perceived Social Support and Symptom Outcomes: Findings from a sample of Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse
Steine IM, Winje D, Krystal JH, Milde AM, Bjorvatn B, Nordhus IH, Grønli J, Pallesen S. Longitudinal Relationships between Perceived Social Support and Symptom Outcomes: Findings from a sample of Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect 2020, 107: 104566. PMID: 32526550, DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104566.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsChildhood sexual abuseMental health symptomsCSA survivorsSocial supportRelational problemsSexual abuseHealth symptomsCross-lagged panel analysisAdult survivorsAdult CSA survivorsPosttraumatic stress symptomsSexual abuse survivorsFemale CSA survivorsLongitudinal studyPerceived Social SupportFour-year longitudinal studyDifferent symptom domainsPosttraumatic stressAbuse survivorsStress symptomsAnxiety symptomsReciprocal associationsLongitudinal relationshipLongitudinal associationsSymptom domains
2017
Cumulative childhood maltreatment and its dose-response relation with adult symptomatology: Findings in a sample of adult survivors of sexual abuse
Steine IM, Winje D, Krystal JH, Bjorvatn B, Milde AM, Grønli J, Nordhus IH, Pallesen S. Cumulative childhood maltreatment and its dose-response relation with adult symptomatology: Findings in a sample of adult survivors of sexual abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect 2017, 65: 99-111. PMID: 28131947, DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.01.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCumulative childhood maltreatmentChildhood maltreatmentPosttraumatic stressSexual abuseSocial supportChildhood adversityAdult survivorsRule-governed wayHierarchical regression analysisChildhood maltreatment experiencesSelf-harm behaviorsDose-response relationCumulative childhood adversityAdult symptomatologyDisorder symptomsSelf-reported symptomsPsychological distressRelational problemsSymptom complexityMaltreatment experiencesWork functioningEmotional painRelated distressMaltreatment scoresAdversity
2016
Psychological resilience in U.S. military veterans: A 2-year, nationally representative prospective cohort study
Isaacs K, Mota NP, Tsai J, Harpaz-Rotem I, Cook JM, Kirwin PD, Krystal JH, Southwick SM, Pietrzak RH. Psychological resilience in U.S. military veterans: A 2-year, nationally representative prospective cohort study. Journal Of Psychiatric Research 2016, 84: 301-309. PMID: 27814502, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.10.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsU.S. military veteransTrauma-exposed veteransPsychological resilienceTrauma exposureMilitary veteransResilient groupTrauma-related psychological symptomsDistressed groupHigh trauma exposureCurrent psychological distressLifetime trauma exposurePhysical health difficultiesSense of purposeProspective cohort studyDispositional gratitudePosttraumatic stressTraumatic eventsEmotional stabilityPsychological distressCurrent distressLifetime traumaAnxiety disordersDistress symptomsHealth difficultiesPsychological symptoms