2009
Dopamine and Serotonin Transporter Availability During Acute Alcohol Withdrawal: Effects of Comorbid Tobacco Smoking
Cosgrove KP, Krantzler E, Frohlich EB, Stiklus S, Pittman B, Tamagnan GD, Baldwin RM, Bois F, Seibyl JP, Krystal JH, O'Malley SS, Staley JK. Dopamine and Serotonin Transporter Availability During Acute Alcohol Withdrawal: Effects of Comorbid Tobacco Smoking. Neuropsychopharmacology 2009, 34: 2218-2226. PMID: 19440191, PMCID: PMC4457331, DOI: 10.1038/npp.2009.49.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAlcohol DrinkingBrainBrain MappingCase-Control StudiesCocaineDopamine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedProtein BindingRadiopharmaceuticalsSerotonin Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsSmokingStatistics as TopicSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeTomography, Emission-Computed, Single-PhotonYoung AdultConceptsDA transporter availabilityTobacco smokingSerotonin transporter availabilityTransporter availabilityAlcohol drinkersAcute withdrawalAlcohol drinkingLast drinkCIT single photon emissionAcute alcohol withdrawalHeavy alcohol drinkingSingle photon emissionEffects of alcoholControl smokersAlcohol withdrawalSynaptic markersNeuroadaptive changesNonsmokersSmokersSmokingTotal groupBrainstemSignificant positive correlationFirst weekPrevious month
2006
γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors and Alcoholism: Intoxication, Dependence, Vulnerability, and Treatment
Krystal JH, Staley J, Mason G, Petrakis IL, Kaufman J, Harris RA, Gelernter J, Lappalainen J. γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors and Alcoholism: Intoxication, Dependence, Vulnerability, and Treatment. JAMA Psychiatry 2006, 63: 957-968. PMID: 16952998, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.63.9.957.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBrain GABA systemsGABA systemAlcohol dependenceWithdrawal symptomsGABA functionGamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) functionCortical GABA levelsAlcohol withdrawal symptomsΓ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A ReceptorsEnvironmental risk factorsLong-term alcohol effectsType A ReceptorsAlcohol-dependent individualsLong-term sobrietyGABA releaseNeurosteroid levelsAcute withdrawalAlcoholism vulnerabilityGABA neurotransmissionRisk factorsGABA levelsExtrasynaptic locationsLow chloride conductanceReceptor densityTonic component
2005
Cortical γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A–Benzodiazepine Receptors in Recovery From Alcohol Dependence: Relationship to Features of Alcohol Dependence and Cigarette Smoking
Staley JK, Gottschalk C, Petrakis IL, Gueorguieva R, O’Malley S, Baldwin R, Jatlow P, Verhoeff NP, Perry E, Weinzimmer D, Frohlich E, Ruff E, van Dyck CH, Seibyl JP, Innis RB, Krystal JH. Cortical γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A–Benzodiazepine Receptors in Recovery From Alcohol Dependence: Relationship to Features of Alcohol Dependence and Cigarette Smoking. JAMA Psychiatry 2005, 62: 877-888. PMID: 16061765, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.62.8.877.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWeeks of abstinenceIomazenil single-photon emissionSingle photon emissionDays of sobrietyAlcohol dependenceIomazenil uptakeTomographic scanBenzodiazepine receptorsVoxel-based statistical parametric mappingReceptor adaptationDistribution volumeReceptor functionGamma-aminobutyric acid type ABenzodiazepine receptor levelsIodine I 123Reduced receptor functionHuman alcohol dependenceLast alcoholic drinkHealthy comparison groupStatistical parametric mappingAlcohol withdrawalClinical featuresSmoking statusCigarette smokingAcute withdrawal
1998
Complications of alcohol withdrawal: pathophysiological insights.
Trevisan LA, Boutros N, Petrakis IL, Krystal JH. Complications of alcohol withdrawal: pathophysiological insights. Alcohol Research 1998, 22: 61-6. PMID: 15706735, PMCID: PMC6761825.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcute alcohol withdrawalAlcohol withdrawalLong-term sobrietyDelirium tremensAcute withdrawalMental confusionSignificant illnessPathophysiological insightsDisease processPsychiatric problemsCognitive impairmentComplicationsHeavy drinkingMemory disordersWithdrawalDeliriumMedicationsRelapseTremensPatientsSeizuresIllnessImpairmentSeverityHallucinations