2024
Phonological awareness mediates the relationship between DCDC2 and reading performance with home environment
Li M, DeMille M, Lovett M, Bosson-Heenan J, Frijters J, Gruen J. Phonological awareness mediates the relationship between DCDC2 and reading performance with home environment. Npj Science Of Learning 2024, 9: 36. PMID: 38702345, PMCID: PMC11068914, DOI: 10.1038/s41539-024-00247-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPhonological awarenessSocioeconomic statusDevelopment of genetic screeningReading outcomesParental educationReading performanceHome environmentPhonological processing skillsChildren aged 8Phonological processingPhonological skillsRisk of reading disabilityProficient readingAfrican AmericansAged 8Environmental factorsProcess skillsAnalyzed dataREAD1Family backgroundHomeAwarenessEducationAssociationOutcomes
2012
Prenatal Exposure to Nicotine and Impaired Reading Performance
Cho K, Frijters JC, Zhang H, Miller LL, Gruen JR. Prenatal Exposure to Nicotine and Impaired Reading Performance. The Journal Of Pediatrics 2012, 162: 713-718.e2. PMID: 23122624, PMCID: PMC3577994, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.09.041.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSchool-aged childrenPrenatal nicotine exposureSkill outcomesAge childrenLongitudinal studyPotential mediatorsNicotine exposureSkills of childrenPhonological deficitPrenatal exposureRisk of underperformanceReading performanceSingle wordsAvon Longitudinal StudyLongitudinal samplePoor performanceLarge associationsNegative associationChildrenAreas of speedParentsSpellingFluencyNicotineComprehension