2021
Aedes aegypti SNAP and a calcium transporter ATPase influence dengue virus dissemination
Marin-Lopez A, Jiang J, Wang Y, Cao Y, MacNeil T, Hastings AK, Fikrig E. Aedes aegypti SNAP and a calcium transporter ATPase influence dengue virus dissemination. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2021, 15: e0009442. PMID: 34115766, PMCID: PMC8195420, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009442.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAedesAnimalsCalcium-Transporting ATPasesCell LineCloning, MolecularDengueDengue VirusGene Expression Regulation, EnzymologicGene Knockdown TechniquesMosquito VectorsPolymorphism, Single NucleotideReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA InterferenceSalivary GlandsConceptsSalivary gland proteinsSuccessful viral transmissionNew mammalian hostDengue virusWild habitatsHabitat expansionGland proteinsA. aegypti vectorMammalian hostsUbiquitous expressionDENV infectionGene expressionMosquito midgutProtein componentsATPase proteinVector proteinProteinSalivary glandsBlood mealViral cycleAedes aegypti mosquitoesSusceptible hostsAedes aegyptiMosquitoesHost
2020
Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 controls Chikungunya virus infection through autophagy in mice
Yang L, Geng T, Yang G, Ma J, Wang L, Ketkar H, Yang D, Lin T, Hwang J, Zhu S, Wang Y, Dai J, You F, Cheng G, Vella AT, Flavell RA, Fikrig E, Wang P. Macrophage scavenger receptor 1 controls Chikungunya virus infection through autophagy in mice. Communications Biology 2020, 3: 556. PMID: 33033362, PMCID: PMC7545163, DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01285-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAutophagyChikungunya FeverChikungunya virusCRISPR-Associated Protein 9CRISPR-Cas SystemsGene EditingHEK293 CellsHumansMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionScavenger Receptors, Class AConceptsMacrophage scavenger receptor 1Scavenger receptor 1Chikungunya virusReceptor 1Antiviral roleType I IFN responseChikungunya virus infectionLow-density lipoproteinImportant antiviral roleI IFN responseMarkers of autophagyCHIKV infectionViral loadArthritogenic alphavirusesVirus infectionCHIKV replicationATG5-ATG12Antiviral actionKnockout miceMSR1 expressionIFN responseInfectionMiceNsp1 proteinAutophagic function
2017
Artificial Infection of Ticks with Borrelia burgdorferi Using a Microinjection Method and Their Detection In Vivo Using Quantitative PCR Targeting flaB RNA
Smith AA, Yang X, Fikrig E, Pal U. Artificial Infection of Ticks with Borrelia burgdorferi Using a Microinjection Method and Their Detection In Vivo Using Quantitative PCR Targeting flaB RNA. Methods In Molecular Biology 2017, 1690: 105-114. PMID: 29032540, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7383-5_9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBorrelia burgdorferiDisease Models, AnimalDNA, ComplementaryLyme DiseaseMiceMicroinjectionsReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, BacterialTicks
2014
Innexin AGAP001476 Is Critical for Mediating Anti-Plasmodium Responses in Anopheles Mosquitoes
Li MW, Wang J, Zhao YO, Fikrig E. Innexin AGAP001476 Is Critical for Mediating Anti-Plasmodium Responses in Anopheles Mosquitoes. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2014, 289: 24885-24897. PMID: 25035430, PMCID: PMC4155657, DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.554519.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsAnophelesCarbenoxoloneConnexinsFemaleGene ExpressionHemolymphHost-Parasite InteractionsImmunity, InnateInsect ProteinsInsect VectorsMalariaMiceMicroscopy, ConfocalOocystsPlasmodiumPlasmodium bergheiReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA InterferenceVitellogeninsConceptsAnti-Plasmodium responseToll pathwayInnate immune responseGap junction proteinIMD pathwaySignal transductionExtracellular communicationSimultaneous knockdownAnopheles gambiaeImmune responseMidgut epitheliumInhibitor studiesKnockdownPlasmodium falciparum infectionCactusBlood mealGap junctionsVitellogenin levelsOocyst numbersAnopheles mosquitoesJunction proteinsCritical rolePathwayMRNA levelsMosquitoes
2013
ELF4 is critical for induction of type I interferon and the host antiviral response
You F, Wang P, Yang L, Yang G, Zhao YO, Qian F, Walker W, Sutton R, Montgomery R, Lin R, Iwasaki A, Fikrig E. ELF4 is critical for induction of type I interferon and the host antiviral response. Nature Immunology 2013, 14: 1237-1246. PMID: 24185615, PMCID: PMC3939855, DOI: 10.1038/ni.2756.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCell LineCells, CulturedDNA-Binding ProteinsHEK293 CellsHeLa CellsHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansImmunoblottingInterferon Regulatory Factor-3Interferon Regulatory Factor-7Interferon-betaMembrane ProteinsMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutMicroscopy, ConfocalProtein BindingReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA InterferenceSignal TransductionSurvival AnalysisTranscription FactorsTranscriptional ActivationWest Nile FeverWest Nile virus
2010
Tick Histamine Release Factor Is Critical for Ixodes scapularis Engorgement and Transmission of the Lyme Disease Agent
Dai J, Narasimhan S, Zhang L, Liu L, Wang P, Fikrig E. Tick Histamine Release Factor Is Critical for Ixodes scapularis Engorgement and Transmission of the Lyme Disease Agent. PLOS Pathogens 2010, 6: e1001205. PMID: 21124826, PMCID: PMC2991271, DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001205.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBiomarkers, TumorBlotting, WesternBorrelia burgdorferiFeeding BehaviorFemaleHistamineHumansImmunizationIxodesLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, MessengerRNA, Small InterferingSalivaTick InfestationsTumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1ConceptsTick-borne pathogensB. burgdorferi transmissionTick engorgementB. burgdorferi burdenHistamine-releasing factorRapid feeding phaseBurgdorferi-infected ticksAnimal healthTick feedingTick salivaDiverse infectious agentsDisease agentsTicksIxodes scapularisLyme disease agentRNA interferenceFeeding phaseVaccine potentialQuantitative reverse transcription PCRReverse transcription-PCRHistamine releaseEffective vaccineVascular permeabilityBlood flowInfectious agentsAge-Associated Decrease in TLR Function in Primary Human Dendritic Cells Predicts Influenza Vaccine Response
Panda A, Qian F, Mohanty S, van Duin D, Newman FK, Zhang L, Chen S, Towle V, Belshe RB, Fikrig E, Allore HG, Montgomery RR, Shaw AC. Age-Associated Decrease in TLR Function in Primary Human Dendritic Cells Predicts Influenza Vaccine Response. The Journal Of Immunology 2010, 184: 2518-2527. PMID: 20100933, PMCID: PMC3867271, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901022.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAge FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overAntibodies, ViralCytokinesDendritic CellsFemaleFlow CytometryHumansInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeInfluenza VaccinesInterleukin-12 Subunit p40Interleukin-6Linear ModelsMaleMiddle AgedReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionToll-Like ReceptorsTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaYoung AdultConceptsPrimary human dendritic cellsDendritic cellsHuman dendritic cellsMyeloid DCsPlasmacytoid DCsCytokine productionTLR functionTNF-alphaIntracellular cytokine productionPoor Ab responsesInfluenza vaccine responsesMyeloid dendritic cellsPlasmacytoid dendritic cellsYoung individualsIntracellular cytokine stainingIL-12 productionIFN-alpha productionTLR ligand stimulationTLR gene expressionInnate immune responseAge-Associated DecreaseTLR8 engagementInfluenza immunizationAge-associated effectsCytokine staining
2008
Anaplasma phagocytophilum Increases Cathepsin L Activity, Thereby Globally Influencing Neutrophil Function
Thomas V, Samanta S, Fikrig E. Anaplasma phagocytophilum Increases Cathepsin L Activity, Thereby Globally Influencing Neutrophil Function. Infection And Immunity 2008, 76: 4905-4912. PMID: 18765732, PMCID: PMC2573316, DOI: 10.1128/iai.00851-08.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnaplasma phagocytophilumCathepsin LCathepsinsCysteine EndopeptidasesEhrlichiosisElectrophoretic Mobility Shift AssayGene Expression Regulation, BacterialHL-60 CellsHomeodomain ProteinsHumansImmunoblottingImmunoprecipitationNeutrophilsNuclear ProteinsRepressor ProteinsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionTranscription FactorsConceptsA. phagocytophilum infectionPhagocytophilum infectionCathepsin L activityNeutrophil functionA. phagocytophilumL activityHuman neutrophil peptides 1Polymorphonuclear leukocyte functionNeutrophil peptide-1Human granulocytic anaplasmosisTherapeutic optionsNeutrophil defenseLeukocyte functionCathepsin LPeptide-1InfectionObligate intracellular pathogensMarked reductionGranulocytic anaplasmosisIntracellular pathogensCDP activityHost oxidative burstAnaplasma phagocytophilumPhagocytophilumOxidative burst
2007
Borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane proteins A and B participate in the genesis of Lyme arthritis
Pal U, Wang P, Bao F, Yang X, Samanta S, Schoen R, Wormser GP, Schwartz I, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane proteins A and B participate in the genesis of Lyme arthritis. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2007, 205: 133-141. PMID: 18166585, PMCID: PMC2234379, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20070962.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBacterial ProteinsBorrelia burgdorferiGene Expression Regulation, BacterialGenetic Complementation TestInflammationLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HOpen Reading FramesPhenotypePolymerase Chain ReactionReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSpirochaetalesTicksConceptsLyme arthritisMouse jointsB. burgdorferi antigensBurgdorferi-infected miceSevere arthritisSpirochete numbersArthritisHost responseLyme diseaseAffinity-purified antibodiesBorrelia burgdorferiChain reactionMiceOriginal phenotypeBasic membrane proteinMutant spirochetesGene expressionJointsInflammationPathogenesisAntigenDiseaseB. burgdorferi gene expression
2004
OspC facilitates Borrelia burgdorferi invasion of Ixodes scapularis salivary glands
Pal U, Yang X, Chen M, Bockenstedt LK, Anderson JF, Flavell RA, Norgard MV, Fikrig E. OspC facilitates Borrelia burgdorferi invasion of Ixodes scapularis salivary glands. Journal Of Clinical Investigation 2004, 113: 220-230. PMID: 14722614, PMCID: PMC311436, DOI: 10.1172/jci19894.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsActinsAnimalsAntigens, BacterialBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsBorrelia burgdorferiDisease Models, AnimalEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayGenetic VectorsImmunoglobulin Fab FragmentsIxodesLipoproteinsLyme DiseaseMiceMice, SCIDMicroscopy, ConfocalModels, GeneticPlasmidsRecombinant ProteinsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionSalivary GlandsSpirochaetalesTime FactorsUp-RegulationConceptsTick salivary glandsWild-type B. burgdorferiArthropod vectorsWild-type spirochetesTransmission of spirochetesB. burgdorferiMajor surface lipoproteinMammalian hostsGene expressionSalivary glandsOspC geneSurface lipoproteinsSalivary gland colonizationInfectious cloneOuter surface protein CGland colonizationSurface protein CTick gutMutantsOspCUnfed ticksInvasionCritical stepBorrelia burgdorferiSpirochetes
2003
Borrelia burgdorferi transcriptome in the central nervous system of non-human primates
Narasimhan S, Camaino M, Liang FT, Santiago F, Laskowski M, Philipp MT, Pachner AR, Radolf JD, Fikrig E. Borrelia burgdorferi transcriptome in the central nervous system of non-human primates. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2003, 100: 15953-15958. PMID: 14671329, PMCID: PMC307674, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2432412100.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBorrelia burgdorferiBrainGene Expression Regulation, BacterialGene LibraryGenome, BacterialHeartMacaca mulattaMedulla OblongataOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, BacterialTranscription, GeneticConceptsNon-human primate modelB. burgdorferiEffect of dexamethasoneCentral nervous systemHost metabolic pathwaysNon-human primatesNeurological symptomsPaucibacillary natureCNS milieuImmune statusCommon manifestationPrimate modelNervous systemExpression profilesLyme diseaseHost factorsHeart tissueGene expressionB. burgdorferi transcriptomeBorrelia burgdorferiNHPNeuroborreliosisImmunocompetentVivo gene expressionBurgdorferi
2002
Examination of the Borrelia burgdorferi Transcriptome in Ixodes scapularis during Feeding
Narasimhan S, Santiago F, Koski RA, Brei B, Anderson JF, Fish D, Fikrig E. Examination of the Borrelia burgdorferi Transcriptome in Ixodes scapularis during Feeding. Journal Of Bacteriology 2002, 184: 3122-3125. PMID: 12003955, PMCID: PMC135063, DOI: 10.1128/jb.184.11.3122-3125.2002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsArachnid VectorsBacterial ProteinsBlotting, SouthernBorrelia burgdorferiFeeding BehaviorGene AmplificationGene ExpressionGenomic LibraryIxodesMiceMice, Inbred C3HReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, BacterialRNA, MessengerConceptsBorrelia burgdorferi gene expressionB. burgdorferi genesPeriplasmic proteinsSignal transductionChromosomal genesPutative lipoproteinSubstrate transportGene expressionDifferential expressionGenesEnergy metabolismIxodes scapularis ticksGlobal analysisIxodes scapularisScapularis ticksExpressionTranscriptomeTransductionTicksProteinFeedingMetabolismScapularis
2000
Arthropod- and Host-Specific Borrelia burgdorferi bbk32 Expression and the Inhibition of Spirochete Transmission
Fikrig E, Feng W, Barthold S, Telford S, Flavell R. Arthropod- and Host-Specific Borrelia burgdorferi bbk32 Expression and the Inhibition of Spirochete Transmission. The Journal Of Immunology 2000, 164: 5344-5351. PMID: 10799897, DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.10.5344.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsArachnid VectorsBacterial ProteinsBorrelia burgdorferi GroupFemaleGene Expression RegulationGuinea PigsImmune SeraInjections, IntradermalIxodesLarvaLyme DiseaseMiceMice, Inbred C3HMice, SCIDReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, MessengerConceptsSpirochete transmissionLyme borreliosisB. burgdorferi infectionB. burgdorferi transmissionMechanisms of immunityIxodes scapularis ticksCutaneous sitesImmunized miceSpirochete numbersBurgdorferi infectionMurine infectionMurine hostMiceInfectionMRNA levelsScapularis ticksB. burgdorferiTick engorgementMurine tissuesVector-borne diseasesBorreliosisAdult ticksAntiserumBBK32Regulated expressionGamma Interferon Dominates the Murine Cytokine Response to the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis and Helps To Control the Degree of Early Rickettsemia
Akkoyunlu M, Fikrig E. Gamma Interferon Dominates the Murine Cytokine Response to the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis and Helps To Control the Degree of Early Rickettsemia. Infection And Immunity 2000, 68: 1827-1833. PMID: 10722570, PMCID: PMC97354, DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.4.1827-1833.2000.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBacteremiaConcanavalin ACytokinesDisease ProgressionDose-Response Relationship, DrugEhrlichiosisEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleHL-60 CellsHumansImmunoglobulin GInterferon-gammaMiceMice, Inbred C3HNeutrophilsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionRickettsiaSpleenTime FactorsT-LymphocytesConceptsIFN-gamma-deficient miceHuman granulocytic ehrlichiosisIFN-gamma levelsDay 8Cytokine responsesIFN-gammaGamma interferonCells/HGE bacteriaGranulocytic ehrlichiosisIFN-gamma-independent mechanismMurine cytokine responsesTime pointsAgent of HGEMore IFN-gammaC3H/HeNLess interleukin-4IFN-gamma responsesMurine infection modelLater time pointsObligate intracellular bacteriumTh1 phenotypeC57BL/6 miceDNA burdenImmunocompetent mice