1977
Electrical characteristics of the mammalian distal tubule: Comparison of Ling-Gerard and macroelectrodes
Hayslett J, Boulpaep E, Kashgarian M, Giebisch G. Electrical characteristics of the mammalian distal tubule: Comparison of Ling-Gerard and macroelectrodes. Kidney International 1977, 12: 324-331. PMID: 604621, DOI: 10.1038/ki.1977.119.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1976
Electrical phenomena in the nephron
Boulpaep E. Electrical phenomena in the nephron. Kidney International 1976, 9: 88-102. PMID: 940266, DOI: 10.1038/ki.1976.14.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSingle barrierAvailable experimental dataIon movementElectrical conductanceElectrical phenomenaSingle cell membraneSingle membrane levelElectric currentElectrical propertiesPotential differenceExperimental dataDiffusion barrierDistinctive physical propertiesElectrical characteristicsPhysical propertiesIndividual cell membranesDiffusion boundariesElectrical behaviorPotential gradientMembrane approachConjugate forcesBiological membranesElectrochemical potential gradientTransport processesMicroscopic level