2024
Siponimod Attenuates Neuronal Cell Death Triggered by Neuroinflammation via NFκB and Mitochondrial Pathways
Gurrea-Rubio M, Wang Q, Mills E, Wu Q, Pitt D, Tsou P, Fox D, Mao-Draayer Y. Siponimod Attenuates Neuronal Cell Death Triggered by Neuroinflammation via NFκB and Mitochondrial Pathways. International Journal Of Molecular Sciences 2024, 25: 2454. PMID: 38473703, PMCID: PMC10931690, DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052454.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSecondary progressive MSRelapsing-remitting MSCentral nervous systemMultiple sclerosisProgressive MSModulator of sphingosine-1-phosphateCytokine tumor necrosis factor-alphaEffects of siponimodTumor necrosis factor-alphaHeterogeneous clinical courseBouts of inflammationNeuroprotective effectsPreclinical animal modelsAutoimmune demyelinating diseaseNecrosis factor-alphaMitochondrial oxidative phosphorylationHuman induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neuronsSphingosine-1-phosphateCytokine signaling pathwaysClinical courseLive cell analysisProgressive diseaseOral treatmentMitochondrial pathwayFactor-alpha
2003
Glutamate uptake by oligodendrocytes
Pitt D, Nagelmeier IE, Wilson HC, Raine CS. Glutamate uptake by oligodendrocytes. Neurology 2003, 61: 1113-1120. PMID: 14581674, DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000090564.88719.37.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAstrocytesAutoradiographyBiological TransportCell SurvivalCells, CulturedDose-Response Relationship, DrugExcitatory Amino Acid Transporter 1Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2FemaleGene ExpressionGlutamic AcidHumansIn Situ HybridizationMaleMiddle AgedMultiple SclerosisNeurotoxinsOligodendrogliaRNA, MessengerSpinal CordTritiumTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaConceptsMS white matterEAAT-2EAAT-1White matterExtracellular glutamateGlutamate uptakePredominant cellsHuman oligodendrocytesGlutamate removalProinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosisHuman white matterNormal human white matterCommon pathologic eventGlutamate transporter expressionGlutamate receptor expressionCytokine tumor necrosisExcess extracellular glutamateInhibited glutamate uptakeHigh extracellular glutamateSubsequent overstimulationExcitotoxic damageGlutamate excitotoxicityGlutamate clearanceTumor necrosisReceptor expression