1998
A phase I/II trial of nimodipine for HIV-related neurologic complications
Navia B, Dafni U, Simpson D, Tucker T, Singer E, McArthur J, Yiannoutsos C, Zaborski L, Lipton S. A phase I/II trial of nimodipine for HIV-related neurologic complications. Neurology 1998, 51: 221-228. PMID: 9674806, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.51.1.221.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAIDS dementia complexVoltage-dependent calcium channel antagonistsPhase I/II trialSevere AIDS-dementia complexHigh-dose armPhase II studyFurther clinical trialsCalcium channel antagonistsNPZ-8Adjuvant treatmentAntiretroviral therapyII trialNeurologic complicationsNeuropsychological z scoresNeuronal injuryHIV infectionPeripheral neuropathyTreat analysisCSF levelsDementia complexImmune activationClinical trialsNeurologic disordersChannel antagonistsPossible efficacy
1994
Neuronal Injury Associated with HIV-1 and Potential Treatment with Calcium-Channel and NMDA Antagonists
Lipton S. Neuronal Injury Associated with HIV-1 and Potential Treatment with Calcium-Channel and NMDA Antagonists. Developmental Neuroscience 1994, 16: 145-151. PMID: 7705221, DOI: 10.1159/000112101.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNMDA antagonistsHIV-1HIV-1 envelope protein gp120Existence of HIVBrains of patientsCalcium channel antagonistsVoltage-dependent Ca2Receptor-operated channelsFuture pharmacological interventionsFinal common pathwayAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisEnvelope protein gp120Platelet-activating factorDemise of neuronsInjury AssociatedAIDS dementiaNeuronal injuryGlutamate reuptakeNeurological manifestationsGlutamate releaseImmunodeficiency syndromeChannel antagonistsPharmacological interventionsProtein gp120Lateral sclerosisAIDS‐Related Dementia and Calcium Homeostasisa
LIPTON S. AIDS‐Related Dementia and Calcium Homeostasisa. Annals Of The New York Academy Of Sciences 1994, 747: 205-224. PMID: 7847672, DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb44411.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeuronal injuryN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-operated channelsHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1Arachidonic acidHIV-1 envelope protein gp120Immunodeficiency virus type 1Existence of HIVDeath of neuronsBrains of patientsCalcium channel antagonistsVoltage-dependent Ca2Interleukin-1 betaReceptor-operated channelsFuture pharmacological interventionsFinal common pathwayAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisHalf of childrenEnvelope protein gp120Platelet-activating factorThird of adultsVirus type 1Dysfunction of cognitionGamma interferon stimulationNeuropathic painAIDS dementiaHIV-related neuronal injury
Lipton S. HIV-related neuronal injury. Molecular Neurobiology 1994, 8: 181-196. PMID: 7999315, DOI: 10.1007/bf02780669.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsArachidonic acidExistence of HIVCalcium channel antagonistsVoltage-dependent Ca2Receptor-operated channelsFuture pharmacological interventionsFinal common pathwayAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisPlatelet-activating factorDysfunction of cognitionDemise of neuronsNeuropathic painAdult patientsAIDS dementiaNeuronal injuryNeurological manifestationsNeuronal damageImmunodeficiency syndromeAIDS patientsChannel antagonistsNMDA antagonistsNeuronal susceptibilityPharmacological interventionsLateral sclerosisParkinson's disease
1991
Calcium channel antagonists and human immunodeficiency virus coat protein–mediated neuronal injury
Lipton S. Calcium channel antagonists and human immunodeficiency virus coat protein–mediated neuronal injury. Annals Of Neurology 1991, 30: 110-114. PMID: 1656845, DOI: 10.1002/ana.410300121.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVoltage-dependent calcium channelsCalcium channel antagonistsNeuronal injuryChannel antagonistsCalcium channelsHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope proteinImmunodeficiency syndrome dementia complexRat retinal ganglion cellsSubsequent neuronal injuryNeuronal calcium channelsRetinal ganglion cellsVoltage-dependent Ca2Mammalian central neuronsChannel antagonist drugsNeuronal damageDementia complexMaximal doseCentral neuronsGanglion cellsDihydropyridine classIntracellular calciumAntagonist drugsElectrophysiological studiesLow micromolar concentrationsGp120Calcium channel antagonists attenuate NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity of retinal ganglion cells in culture
Sucher N, Lei S, Lipton S. Calcium channel antagonists attenuate NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity of retinal ganglion cells in culture. Brain Research 1991, 551: 297-302. PMID: 1680525, DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(91)90944-q.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCalcium channel antagonistsRetinal ganglion cellsChannel antagonistsGanglion cellsPostnatal rat retinal ganglion cellsNMDA receptor-operated channelsRat retinal ganglion cellsNMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicityVoltage-dependent calcium channelsSelective NMDA antagonistDihydropyridine calcium channel antagonistReceptor-operated channelsVoltage-dependent Ca2Patch-clamp recordingsNMDA antagonistsNMDA receptorsSubsequent toxic effectsCalcium channelsExogenous glutamateRetinal culturesAntagonistL-typeEarly riseInjurious effectsToxic effectsCalcium Channel Antagonists in the Prevention of Neurotoxicity
Lipton S. Calcium Channel Antagonists in the Prevention of Neurotoxicity. Advances In Pharmacology 1991, 22: 271-297. PMID: 1659865, DOI: 10.1016/s1054-3589(08)60038-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCalcium channel antagonistsCalcium channelsImportant calcium channelTypes of neurotoxicityPrevention of neurotoxicityPreliminary human studiesNeuroprotective agentsChannel antagonistsPharmacological antagonistsSystemic effectsHuman studiesPrimary neuronsVivo modelAntagonistNeurotoxicityChannel typesNeuronsPrevention
1990
HIV-1 Coat Protein Neurotoxicity Prevented by Calcium Channel Antagonists
Dreyer E, Kaiser P, Offermann J, Lipton S. HIV-1 Coat Protein Neurotoxicity Prevented by Calcium Channel Antagonists. Science 1990, 248: 364-367. PMID: 2326646, DOI: 10.1126/science.2326646.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCalcium channel antagonistsHuman immunodeficiency virus type 1Channel antagonistsIntracellular calciumNeuronal injuryDihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist nimodipineCalcium channel antagonist nimodipineImmunodeficiency virus type 1Rodent retinal ganglion cellsGp120-induced increaseChannel antagonist nimodipineRetinal ganglion cellsIntracellular free calciumDose-dependent fashionGp120 envelope proteinVirus type 1Envelope proteinAntagonist nimodipineControl immunoglobulinGanglion cellsHippocampal neuronsProtein gp120Viral envelope proteinsExtracellular calciumNeuronal toxicity