Steven Tang
Cards
About
My research focuses on understanding the molecular machinery for membrane fusion and engineering cell-surface receptors for therapeutic interventions in reproductive sciences, regenerative medicine, and immunotherapy
Research
Publications
2025
Utilizing Machine Learning to Improve Neutralization Potency of an HIV‑1 Antibody Targeting the gp41 N‑Heptad Repeat
Interrante M, Tang S, Kim S, Shanker V, Hie B, Bruun T, Wu W, Pak J, Fernandez D, Kim P. Utilizing Machine Learning to Improve Neutralization Potency of an HIV‑1 Antibody Targeting the gp41 N‑Heptad Repeat. ACS Chemical Biology 2025, 20: 1470-1480. PMID: 40540236, PMCID: PMC12281478, DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5c00035.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsN-heptad repeatNeutralization potencyHIV-1Gp41 N-heptad repeatTier 2 virusesMonoclonal antibodiesHIV-1 antibodiesVaccine development effortsEntry inhibitor enfuvirtideProtein language modelsHIV-1 gp41Potential vaccine targetsClinical efficacyVaccine targetsGp41AntibodiesMAbChallenge strainPotencyDiverse strainsSequence conservationAllosteric inhibition of the IZUMO1–JUNO fertilization complex by the naturally occurring antisperm antibody OBF13
Lu Y, Ikawa M, Tang S. Allosteric inhibition of the IZUMO1–JUNO fertilization complex by the naturally occurring antisperm antibody OBF13. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2025, 122: e2425952122. PMID: 40042902, PMCID: PMC11912406, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2425952122.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFour-helix domainAllosteric inhibitionBinding of acrosome-reacted spermAcrosome-reacted spermSperm-egg interactionDeep mutational scanningX-ray crystal structureMurine spermSingle-chain fragment variablesSperm IZUMO1IZUMO1Mutational scanningMammalian fertilizationApparent affinityHamster eggsMurine fertilizationSpecies-specificSpermMurine eggsAntisperm antibodiesFragment variablesConformational changesSomatic hypermutationAntispermLow levels of somatic hypermutation
2024
Vaccine design via antigen reorientation
Xu D, Carter J, Li C, Utz A, Weidenbacher P, Tang S, Sanyal M, Pulendran B, Barnes C, Kim P. Vaccine design via antigen reorientation. Nature Chemical Biology 2024, 20: 1012-1021. PMID: 38225471, PMCID: PMC11247139, DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01529-6.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectron microscopy polyclonal epitope mappingHA stemEnhanced neutralizing antibody responsesGroup 1HA headInfluenza vaccineInfluenza virusA subtypeSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Immune responseAntibody responseVaccine designSyndrome coronavirus 2AntigenSARS-CoV-2InfluenzaEpitope mappingVaccineCoronavirus 2Cross-reactivityGroupHemagglutininImmunogenicity
2023
Author Correction: A ferritin-based COVID-19 nanoparticle vaccine that elicits robust, durable, broad-spectrum neutralizing antisera in non-human primates
Weidenbacher P, Sanyal M, Friedland N, Tang S, Arunachalam P, Hu M, Kumru O, Morris M, Fontenot J, Shirreff L, Do J, Cheng Y, Vasudevan G, Feinberg M, Villinger F, Hanson C, Joshi S, Volkin D, Pulendran B, Kim P. Author Correction: A ferritin-based COVID-19 nanoparticle vaccine that elicits robust, durable, broad-spectrum neutralizing antisera in non-human primates. Nature Communications 2023, 14: 6211. PMID: 37798288, PMCID: PMC10556009, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42061-4.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchA structural blueprint for interleukin-21 signal modulation
Abhiraman G, Bruun T, Caveney N, Su L, Saxton R, Yin Q, Tang S, Davis M, Jude K, Garcia K. A structural blueprint for interleukin-21 signal modulation. Cell Reports 2023, 42: 112657. PMID: 37339051, PMCID: PMC10320830, DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112657.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMitochondrial uncouplers impair human sperm motility without altering ATP content
Skinner W, Petersen N, Unger B, Tang S, Tabarsi E, Lamm J, Jalalian L, Smith J, Bertholet A, Xu K, Kirichok Y, Lishko P. Mitochondrial uncouplers impair human sperm motility without altering ATP content. Biology Of Reproduction 2023, 109: 192-203. PMID: 37294625, PMCID: PMC10427809, DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad064.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSperm mitochondriaAdenosine triphosphate productionHuman spermSperm motilityNiclosamide ethanolaminePlasma membraneMitochondrial uncouplingSperm physiological processesSperm mitochondrial functionHuman sperm motilitySperm adenosine triphosphateSperm progressive motilityPhysiological processesATP-independent mechanismAdenosine triphosphateSperm functionProgressive motilityHuman spermatozoaSperm fertilitySmall molecule mitochondrial uncouplersSpermPlasma membrane potentialMitochondrial functionMitochondriaMotilityEfficient evolution of human antibodies from general protein language models
Hie B, Shanker V, Xu D, Bruun T, Weidenbacher P, Tang S, Wu W, Pak J, Kim P. Efficient evolution of human antibodies from general protein language models. Nature Biotechnology 2023, 42: 275-283. PMID: 37095349, PMCID: PMC10869273, DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01763-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsProtein language modelsDiverse protein familiesLaboratory evolutionProtein familyProtein structureBinding specificityRare mutationsSelection pressureAntibiotic resistanceNatural evolutionary strategyEnzyme activityHuman antibodiesMature antibodiesAffinity maturationProteinAntibody bindingBinding affinityMutationsBindingEvolutionary strategyAffinityAntibodiesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2A ferritin-based COVID-19 nanoparticle vaccine that elicits robust, durable, broad-spectrum neutralizing antisera in non-human primates
Weidenbacher P, Sanyal M, Friedland N, Tang S, Arunachalam P, Hu M, Kumru O, Morris M, Fontenot J, Shirreff L, Do J, Cheng Y, Vasudevan G, Feinberg M, Villinger F, Hanson C, Joshi S, Volkin D, Pulendran B, Kim P. A ferritin-based COVID-19 nanoparticle vaccine that elicits robust, durable, broad-spectrum neutralizing antisera in non-human primates. Nature Communications 2023, 14: 2149. PMID: 37069151, PMCID: PMC10110616, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37417-9.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeutralizing antiseraLonger-lasting immunityNon-human primatesFerritin-basedOnce-yearlyNanoparticle vaccineSARS-CoV-2 variantsOmicron BQVaccine dosePediatric useAnamnestic responseInitial immunizationVaccine candidatesSARS-CoV-2Development of COVID-19 vaccinesCell linesCOVID-19 vaccineVaccineSARS-CoV-1Cell culturesImmunityStructure-guided stabilization improves the ability of the HIV-1 gp41 hydrophobic pocket to elicit neutralizing antibodies
Bruun T, Tang S, Erwin G, Deis L, Fernandez D, Kim P. Structure-guided stabilization improves the ability of the HIV-1 gp41 hydrophobic pocket to elicit neutralizing antibodies. Journal Of Biological Chemistry 2023, 299: 103062. PMID: 36841484, PMCID: PMC10064241, DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103062.Peer-Reviewed Original Research1700029I15Rik orchestrates the biosynthesis of acrosomal membrane proteins required for sperm–egg interaction
Lu Y, Shimada K, Tang S, Zhang J, Ogawa Y, Noda T, Shibuya H, Ikawa M. 1700029I15Rik orchestrates the biosynthesis of acrosomal membrane proteins required for sperm–egg interaction. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2023, 120: e2207263120. PMID: 36787362, PMCID: PMC9974436, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2207263120.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAcrosomal membrane proteinsER-associated degradationMembrane proteinsSperm plasma membrane proteinsType II transmembrane proteinNon-catalytic subunitsSperm-egg interactionPlasma membrane proteinsKnockout testesKnockout spermMature spermatozoaGamete bindingKnockout male miceProtein processingDisulfide isomerizationProtein ubiquitinationEndoplasmic reticulumTransmembrane proteinsDecreased abundanceSpermBiosynthesisOligosaccharyltransferaseSpermiogenesisProteinSpermatozoa
Academic Achievements & Community Involvement
Teaching & Mentoring
- Teaching
- 2 Courses for Graduate Students
- 1 Course for Undergraduate Students
- 18 Average Instructional Hours per Year
Teaching
Didactic MB&B 3000 Principles of Biochemistry I
LecturerLecture Setting8/1/2025 - PresentForUndergraduate8 Average Instructional Hours Per YearDiscussion of the physical, structural, and functional properties of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, three major classes of molecules in living organisms. Energy metabolism and hormone signaling as examples of complex biological processes whose underlying mechanisms can be understood by identifying and analyzing the molecules responsible for these phenomena.
Didactic MB&B 7100 Electron Cryo-Microscopy for Protein Structure Determination
LecturerLecture Setting1/1/2026 - PresentForGraduate5 Average Instructional Hours Per YearUnderstanding cellular function requires structural and biochemical studies at an ever-increasing level of complexity. The course is an introduction to the concepts and applications of high-resolution electron cryo-microscopy. This rapidly emerging new technique is the only method that allows biological macromolecules to be studied at all levels of resolution from cellular organization to near atomic detail.
Didactic MB&B 7200 Macromolecular Structure and Biophysical Analysis
LecturerLecture Setting8/1/2024 - PresentForGraduate5 Average Instructional Hours Per YearThis course provides an in-depth analysis of macromolecular structure through the integrated application of structural biology, spectroscopy, and biochemistry. It emphasizes how these complementary approaches collectively advance our understanding of molecular structure and function. Topics include the structural organization of proteins, RNA, and DNA; practical strategies for structural determination; and an introduction to key techniques such as X-ray diffraction, cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), and AI-based structure prediction.
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Yale University
266 Whitney Avenue, P.O. Box 208114
New Haven, CT 06520
United States