2025
Polygenic Resistance to Blood Pressure Treatment and Stroke Risk: Insights from the All of Us Research Program
Huo S, Rivier C, Clocchiatti‐Tuozzo S, Renedo D, Petersen N, de Havenon A, Meeker D, Zhao H, Ohno‐Machado L, Sheth K, Falcone G. Polygenic Resistance to Blood Pressure Treatment and Stroke Risk: Insights from the All of Us Research Program. Annals Of Neurology 2025 PMID: 40827941, DOI: 10.1002/ana.78009.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchUs Research ProgramUncontrolled hypertensionSystolic BPGenetic riskSusceptibility to hypertensionRates of uncontrolled hypertensionPolygenic risk scoresAssociated with higher systolic BPOdds of uncontrolled hypertensionCox proportional hazards regressionUnited Kingdom BiobankGenetic association studiesHigh-risk individualsHigher systolic BPProportional hazards regressionBlood pressure treatmentIncident strokeStroke hazardBlood pressureHigher RatesSystolic blood pressureHypertensive adultsDiagnosed hypertensionBP medicationsHazards regression
2024
2024 Guideline for the Primary Prevention of Stroke: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association
Bushnell C, Kernan W, Sharrief A, Chaturvedi S, Cole J, Cornwell W, Cosby-Gaither C, Doyle S, Goldstein L, Lennon O, Levine D, Love M, Miller E, Nguyen-Huynh M, Rasmussen-Winkler J, Rexrode K, Rosendale N, Sarma S, Shimbo D, Simpkins A, Spatz E, Sun L, Tangpricha V, Turnage D, Velazquez G, Whelton P. 2024 Guideline for the Primary Prevention of Stroke: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2024, 55: e344-e424. PMID: 39429201, DOI: 10.1161/str.0000000000000475.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPrimary prevention of strokePrimary preventionPrevention of strokeAmerican Heart Association/American Stroke AssociationRisk factor preventionNo history of strokeLife's Essential 8American Heart AssociationHistory of strokeIncident strokeStroke guidelinesStroke AssociationPrevention strategiesBrain healthRelevant databasesCochrane LibraryComprehensive searchEssential 8Hemorrhagic strokeHeart AssociationStrokeNo historyGuidelinesPreventionAmericanGlobal, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Collaborators G, Feigin V, Abate M, Abate Y, ElHafeez S, Abd-Allah F, Abdelalim A, Abdelkader A, Abdelmasseh M, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdi P, Abdollahi A, Abdoun M, Abd-Rabu R, Abdulah D, Abdullahi A, Abebe M, Zuñiga R, Abhilash E, Abiodun O, Abiodun O, Kasem R, Aboagye R, Abouzid M, Abreu L, Abrha W, Abtahi D, Abu Rumeileh S, Abualhasan A, Abualruz H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Abukhadijah H, Abu-Rmeileh N, Aburuz S, Abu-Zaid A, Acuna J, Adane D, Adane M, Addo I, Adedoyin R, Adegboye O, Adekanmbi V, Adhikari K, Adnani Q, Adra S, Adzigbli L, Afify A, Afolabi A, Afrashteh F, Afzal M, Afzal S, Aghamiri S, Agyemang-Duah W, Ahinkorah B, Ahmad A, Ahmad M, Ahmad S, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ahmadzade A, Ahmed A, Ahmed A, Ahmed H, Ahmed S, Ajami M, Aji B, Akara E, Akinyemi R, Akkaif M, Akrami A, Al Awaidy S, Al Hamad H, Al Hasan S, Al Qadire M, Al Ta'ani O, Al-Ajlouni Y, Alalalmeh S, Alalwan T, Al-Aly Z, Al-amer R, Aldhaleei W, Aldossary M, Alemohammad S, Al-Fatly B, Al-Gheethi A, Alhalaiqa F, Alharrasi M, Ali A, Ali 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Azami H, Aziz S, Azzam A, Babu A, Babu G, Badar M, Badiye A, Taghanaki P, Bahramian S, Bai R, Baig A, Bakkannavar S, Bako A, Baltatu O, Bam K, Banach M, Banakar M, Bandyopadhyay S, Banik P, Bansal K, Bao Y, Barboza M, Bardhan M, Barengo N, Barker-Collo S, Bärnighausen T, Barqawi H, Barrow A, Barua L, Bashiri A, Bashiru H, Basiru A, Bastan M, Basu S, Basu S, Batra K, Begde A, Behnam B, Behnoush A, Belayneh M, Belingheri M, Bello U, Bennett D, Bensenor I, Berhe F, Bermudez A, Beyene H, Beyene K, Bhagat D, Bhagavathula A, Bhala N, Bhalla A, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhat A, Bhat V, Bhatti G, Bhatti J, Bhuiyan M, Bhusal S, Bikbov B, Bilgin C, Biondi A, Bishaw K, Biswas A, Biswas B, Bodhare T, Bogale E, Boloor A, Hashemi M, Bonny A, Basara B, Borhany H, Bosoka S, Bouaoud S, Bouyahya A, Boyko E, Bozic M, Braithwaite D, Breitner S, Brenner H, Britton G, Brunoni A, Bryazka D, Bugiardini R, Bulto L, Burkart K, Bustanji Y, Butt Z, dos Santos F, Cámera L, Campos L, Campos-Nonato I, Cao F, Capodici A, Cárdenas R, Carr S, Carreras G, Carvalho A, Carvalho F, Castaldelli-Maia J, Castañeda-Orjuela C, Castelpietra G, Catapano A, Cattaruzza M, Cegolon L, Cembranel F, Cenko E, Cerin E, Chadwick J, Chakraborty C, Chakraborty S, Chan J, Chandika R, Chandrasekar E, Chanie G, Chattu V, Chaudhary A, Chaurasia A, Chen H, Chen M, Chen S, Chi G, Chichagi F, Chimoriya R, Ching P, Chitheer A, Cho S, Choi D, Chong B, Chong C, Chopra H, Choudhari S, Choudhary R, Chu D, Chukwu I, Chung S, Cindi Z, Cioffi I, Cogen R, Columbus A, Costanzo S, Couto R, Criqui M, Cruz-Martins N, Cuadra-Hernández S, da Silva A, Dadana S, Dadras O, Dai X, Dalal K, Dalli L, Damiani G, D'Amico E, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darwish A, Das S, Dashti M, Dashtkoohi M, Dashtkoohi M, Dastmardi M, Davletov K, De la Cruz-Góngora V, DeAngelo S, Debele A, Debopadhaya S, Delgado-Enciso I, Demessa B, Demetriades A, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dervišević E, Desai H, Desale A, Desta F, Devanbu V, Devegowda D, Dewan S, Dhane A, Dhimal M, 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D, Zeng Y, Zhang B, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao H, Zhong C, Zhou S, Zhu B, Zhu L, Zhumagaliuly A, Ziafati M, Zielińska M, Zikarg Y, Zoghi G, Zyoud S, Zyoud S, Johnson C, Roth G, Nair B, Rautalin I, Bhati A, Bisignano C, Vos T, Murray C. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet Neurology 2024, 23: 973-1003. PMID: 39304265, PMCID: PMC12254192, DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00369-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDisability-adjusted life yearsBurden of strokeStroke burdenIncident strokeRisk factorsEstimates of stroke burdenEvidence-based health careGlobal Burden of Disease StudyDisability-adjusted life year ratesBurden of Disease StudyLow physical activityAge-standardised ratesCause of disability-adjusted life yearsSugar-sweetened beveragesReduce stroke burdenHigher fasting plasma glucoseUp-to-date estimatesIschaemic strokeIschaemic heart diseaseStroke surveillanceGBD methodologyPhysical activityAcute careGBD regionsIntracerebral haemorrhageImpact of Poverty on Stroke Recurrence: A Population-Based Study.
Becker C, Sucharew H, Robinson D, Stamm B, Royan R, Nobel L, Stanton R, Jasne A, Woo D, De Los Rios La Rosa F, Mackey J, Ferioli S, Mistry E, Demel S, Haverbusch M, Coleman E, Slavin S, Walsh K, Star M, Flaherty M, Martini S, Kissela B, Kleindorfer D. Impact of Poverty on Stroke Recurrence: A Population-Based Study. Neurology 2024, 102: e209423. PMID: 38759136, PMCID: PMC11175648, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209423.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeighborhood socioeconomic statusPopulation-based studyIncident strokeCensus tractsSecondary analysisGreater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky regionStroke recurrencePoisson regression modelsPoverty lineFederal poverty lineRecurrent strokeRecurrence riskVascular risk factorsResidents of poor neighborhoodsStudy periodAmerican Community SurveyNeighborhood povertySocioeconomic statusExcess riskStroke incidenceImpact of povertyPrimary exposureRelative riskStroke recurrence riskWhite individuals
2023
Depressive symptoms and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor GluN1 antibody seropositivity in the PROSpective cohort with incident stroke
Sperber P, Gebert P, Broersen L, Kufner A, Huo S, Piper S, Teegen B, Heuschmann P, Prüss H, Endres M, Liman T, Siegerink B. Depressive symptoms and anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor GluN1 antibody seropositivity in the PROSpective cohort with incident stroke. Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health 2023, 34: 100705. PMID: 38033615, PMCID: PMC10684375, DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100705.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNMDAR1-ABDepressive symptomsHigh titersIschemic strokeProspective cohortEpidemiological Studies Depression ScaleSevere neuropsychiatric symptomsSevere depressive symptomsAutoimmune encephalitisSeronegative patientsAntibody seropositivityIncident strokeSeropositive patientsNeuropsychiatric symptomsSymptoms yearsPatientsLow titersSymptomsTitersCell-based assaysSeropositivityCohortStrokeCESEncephalitisImprovement in the Prediction of Cerebrovascular Events With White Matter Hyperintensity
de Havenon A, Smith E, Sharma R, Falcone G, Bangad A, Prabhakaran S, Sheth K. Improvement in the Prediction of Cerebrovascular Events With White Matter Hyperintensity. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2023, 12: e029374. PMID: 37345754, PMCID: PMC10356061, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.029374.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWhite matter hyperintensitiesIncident strokePrimary outcomeHypertensive individualsMatter hyperintensitiesAtherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk scoreCognitive impairmentCardiovascular disease risk scoreVascular risk factorsCurrent cigarette smokingDisease risk scoreMagnetic resonance imagingLogistic regression modelsRandomization armCerebrovascular eventsVascular riskCigarette smokingPrognostic informationRisk factorsPrognostic abilityRisk scoreCognitive declineResonance imagingDeLong testStrokeHigher Hospital Frailty Risk Score Is Associated With Increased Risk of Stroke: Observational and Genetic Analyses
Renedo D, Acosta J, Koo A, Rivier C, Sujijantarat N, de Havenon A, Sharma R, Gill T, Sheth K, Falcone G, Matouk C. Higher Hospital Frailty Risk Score Is Associated With Increased Risk of Stroke: Observational and Genetic Analyses. Stroke 2023, 54: 1538-1547. PMID: 37216451, PMCID: PMC10212531, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.122.041891.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHospital Frailty Risk ScoreRisk of strokeHighest Hospital Frailty Risk ScoresDate of consentFrailty Risk ScoreMendelian randomization analysisStroke riskRisk scoreRandomization analysisTime of enrollmentAvailable electronic health recordsMendelian randomizationElectronic health recordsLook-back periodIncident strokeDose-response wayFrailty statusHemorrhagic strokeMultivariable analysisStroke eventsObservational studyHigh riskFrailtySignificant associationSimilar association
2022
Residential exposure to petroleum refining and stroke in the southern United States
Kim H, Festa N, Burrows K, Kim D, Gill T, Bell M. Residential exposure to petroleum refining and stroke in the southern United States. Environmental Research Letters 2022, 17: 094018. PMID: 36340862, PMCID: PMC9629383, DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ac8943.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchStroke prevalenceSociodemographic factorsPropensity score-matched analysisSelf-reported strokeLow socioeconomic statusNon-Hispanic white populationStroke pathogenesisIncident strokeNon-Hispanic black populationHispanic ethnicityDisproportionate burdenResidential exposureStrokePrevalenceSocioeconomic statusWhite populationStandard deviation increaseExposureBlack populationPossible linkUnited StatesCensus tractsPercentage point increaseLarge proportionDeviation increaseRacial Disparities in Stroke Recurrence
Robinson DJ, Stanton R, Sucharew H, Alwell K, Haverbusch M, De Los Rios La Rosa F, Ferioli S, Coleman E, Jasne A, Mackey J, Star M, Mistry EA, Demel S, Slavin S, Walsh K, Woo D, Kissela B, Kleindorfer DO. Racial Disparities in Stroke Recurrence. Neurology 2022, 99: e2464-e2473. PMID: 36041865, PMCID: PMC9728039, DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000201225.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTraditional stroke risk factorsStroke risk factorsRisk factorsBlack raceRecurrent strokeStroke recurrenceRecurrence rateHigh riskGreater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky populationBlack individualsStroke/TIA eventsRacial disparitiesStroke recurrence rateMultivariable survival analysisRisk of recurrenceKaplan-Meier estimatesSignificant racial disparitiesTIA eventsIncident strokeSmoking statusVentricular hypertrophyStroke casesRecurrenceSurvival analysisYounger ageEffect of Intensive Blood Pressure Control on Incident Stroke Risk in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment
de Havenon A, Sharma R, Falcone GJ, Prabhakaran S, Sheth KN. Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Control on Incident Stroke Risk in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment. Stroke 2022, 53: e242-e245. PMID: 35502662, PMCID: PMC9246875, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.122.038818.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIntensive BP controlIntensive blood pressure controlMild cognitive impairmentMontreal Cognitive Assessment scoreBlood pressure controlBP controlIncident strokePrimary outcomeCognitive Assessment scoreCognitive impairmentCox modelPressure controlAssessment scoresAnalysis of SPRINTIncident stroke riskStandard BP controlIncident stroke eventsRace/ethnicityBaseline BPRandomization armHazard ratioStroke riskPatient ageStroke eventsAtrial fibrillation
2021
Autonomic Imbalance and Risk of Dementia and Stroke
Weinstein G, Davis-Plourde K, Beiser AS, Seshadri S. Autonomic Imbalance and Risk of Dementia and Stroke. Stroke 2021, 52: 2068-2076. PMID: 33874747, PMCID: PMC8154675, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.030601.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHeart rate variabilityAutonomic imbalanceHeart rateDementia riskRate variabilityStroke riskNormal intervalsCardiac autonomic imbalanceLower heart rate variabilityLower stroke riskCommunity-based cohortRisk of dementiaSuccessive differencesAutonomic nervous systemNormal RR intervalsOlder-aged adultsExam 7Incident strokeDementia pathophysiologyIncident dementiaPotential confoundersStroke occurrenceDementia incidenceThird examinationNervous systemAssociation of Preeclampsia With Incident Stroke in Later Life Among Women in the Framingham Heart Study
de Havenon A, Delic A, Stulberg E, Sheibani N, Stoddard G, Hanson H, Theilen L. Association of Preeclampsia With Incident Stroke in Later Life Among Women in the Framingham Heart Study. JAMA Network Open 2021, 4: e215077. PMID: 33900402, PMCID: PMC8076961, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.5077.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHistory of preeclampsiaVascular risk factorsIncident strokeRisk factorsFramingham Heart StudyMarginal structural modelsCohort studyStroke incidenceRelative riskHeart StudyLater lifeTime-varying covariatesMidlife vascular risk factorsPopulation-based cohort studyHigher diastolic blood pressureAbsence of preeclampsiaCholesterol-lowering medicationsDiastolic blood pressureAge 45 yearsAssociation of preeclampsiaBlood pressureMore pregnanciesStudy visitPreeclampsiaMAIN OUTCOMEUsing Ultrasound and Inflammation to Improve Prediction of Ischemic Stroke: A Secondary Analysis of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Baradaran H, Delic A, Wong KH, Sheibani N, Alexander M, McNally JS, Majersik JJ, De Havenon A. Using Ultrasound and Inflammation to Improve Prediction of Ischemic Stroke: A Secondary Analysis of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra 2021, 11: 37-43. PMID: 33601394, PMCID: PMC7989729, DOI: 10.1159/000514373.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersCarotid Intima-Media ThicknessCarotid StenosisFemaleHumansInflammation MediatorsInterleukin-6Ischemic StrokeMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsPrognosisProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsUltrasonography, DopplerUnited StatesVascular StiffnessConceptsIschemic strokeCarotid distensibilityCarotid stenosisMulti-Ethnic StudyInterleukin-6Primary outcomeRisk factorsInflammation measurementsClinical trial inclusion criteriaSecondary analysisPrimary ischemic strokeIncident ischemic strokeTrial inclusion criteriaVascular risk factorsSystolic blood pressureTraditional risk factorsBaseline study visitCox regression modelIschemic stroke riskStroke risk predictionPrimary prevention effortsUltrasound-derived measurementsIncident strokeMean followPatient ageDiffusion-Weighted Imaging Lesions After Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Risk of Stroke
Murthy SB, Zhang C, Gupta A, Cho SM, Rivera-Lara L, Avadhani R, Gruber J, Iadecola C, Falcone GJ, Sheth KN, Qureshi AI, Goldstein JN, Hanley DF, Kamel H, Ziai WC. Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Lesions After Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Risk of Stroke. Stroke 2021, 52: 595-602. PMID: 33467877, PMCID: PMC8340082, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.031628.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsRecurrent intracerebral hemorrhageRisk of strokeIntracerebral hemorrhageDWI lesionsIschemic strokeDiffusion-weighted imagingDiffusion-weighted imaging lesionsMultivariate Cox regression analysisMISTIE III trialIncident ischemic strokeCox regression analysisPoor functional outcomeCox regression modelIndividual patient dataATACH-2 trialLong-term riskMagnetic resonance imagingICH survivorsIncident strokeIII trialsImaging lesionsSecondary outcomesIschemic lesionsPrimary outcomeFunctional outcome
2020
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Antidepressant Use, and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Young Men and Women
Gaffey AE, Rosman L, Burg MM, Haskell SG, Brandt CA, Skanderson M, Dziura J, Sico JJ. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Antidepressant Use, and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Young Men and Women. Stroke 2020, 52: 121-129. PMID: 33297868, PMCID: PMC7770089, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.030379.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderHemorrhagic strokeHealth care utilizationUse of SSRIsGreater riskSSRI useStroke riskCare utilizationStress disorderEffects of PTSDIncident hemorrhagic strokeMiddle-aged veteransModifiable risk factorsNon-pharmacological treatmentMultivariate Cox modelNorepinephrine reuptake inhibitorsOverall incidence rateHemorrhagic stroke riskSNRI useIncident strokeAntidepressant useReuptake inhibitorsComorbid conditionsLifestyle factorsPsychiatric comorbidityDiabetic Retinopathy and Risk of Stroke
Wong KH, Hu K, Peterson C, Sheibani N, Tsivgoulis G, Majersik JJ, de Havenon AH. Diabetic Retinopathy and Risk of Stroke. Stroke 2020, 51: 3733-3736. PMID: 33019896, PMCID: PMC7686117, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.030350.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBlood pressure interventionsRisk of strokeDiabetic retinopathyRandomization armIncident strokePrimary outcomePressure interventionPresence of DRCox proportional hazards modelACCORD Eye StudyRapid vision lossSubsequent stroke eventsCommon microvascular complicationCox regression modelProportional hazards modelMacrovascular complicationsMicrovascular complicationsHazard ratioEye StudyMicrovascular pathologyStroke eventsStudy baselineSerum glucoseVision lossHazards modelElectrocardiographic ST-T Abnormities Are Associated With Stroke Risk in the REGARDS Study
Sawano M, Yuan Y, Kohsaka S, Inohara T, Suzuki T, Okamura T, Howard G, Howard V, Judd S, Soliman E, Cushman M. Electrocardiographic ST-T Abnormities Are Associated With Stroke Risk in the REGARDS Study. Stroke 2020, 51: 1100-1106. PMID: 32126939, PMCID: PMC7122793, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.119.028069.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIschemic strokeREGARDS studyMultivariable Cox proportional hazards regressionIncident coronary artery diseaseCox proportional hazards regressionAge-adjusted incidence ratesCalculate hazard ratiosFuture ischemic strokeIncident ischemic strokeMinnesota ECG ClassificationStroke risk factorsRisk of strokeCoronary artery diseaseProportional hazards regressionCoronary heart diseaseMinor ECG abnormalitiesNonspecific ST-segmentT-wave abnormalitiesIncident strokePrior strokeArtery diseaseHazard ratioStroke riskHazards regressionBaseline ECG
2019
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Risk for Stroke in Young and Middle-Aged Adults
Rosman L, Sico JJ, Lampert R, Gaffey AE, Ramsey CM, Dziura J, Chui PW, Cavanagh CE, Brandt C, Haskell S, Burg MM. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Risk for Stroke in Young and Middle-Aged Adults. Stroke 2019, 50: 2996-3003. PMID: 31619151, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.119.026854.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTransient ischemic attackIncident transient ischemic attackPosttraumatic stress disorderEffects of PTSDIschemic strokeIncident strokeHealthcare utilizationIncidence of TIAStress disorderYoung adultsMiddle-aged veteransStroke risk factorsMultivariate Cox modelIschemic stroke riskAge-specific prevention strategiesVeterans Health AdministrationMiddle-aged adultsIschemic attackStroke riskPsychological factorsUnadjusted analysesRisk factorsEffect modificationCox modelPsychiatric disorders
2018
1015 Frequent Periodic Limb Movements During Sleep and Risk of Incident Stroke
May A, Koo B, Yaffe K, Leng Y, Cawthon P, Redline S, Stone K, Mehra R. 1015 Frequent Periodic Limb Movements During Sleep and Risk of Incident Stroke. Sleep 2018, 41: a376-a377. DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.1014.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchBody mass indexIncident stroke riskPeriodic limb movementsStroke riskIncident strokeMulti-center prospective studyLimb movementsApnea-hypopnea indexAF findingsHypopnea indexMedian ageMedication useTotal cholesterolMass indexSleep apneaArousal indexProspective studyAutonomic dysregulationPhysical activityPLMSSignificant interactionStrokeLogistic regressionAlcohol useAge
2017
Contributors to the Excess Stroke Mortality in Rural Areas in the United States
Howard G, Kleindorfer DO, Cushman M, Long DL, Jasne A, Judd SE, Higginbotham JC, Howard VJ. Contributors to the Excess Stroke Mortality in Rural Areas in the United States. Stroke 2017, 48: 1773-1778. PMID: 28626048, PMCID: PMC5502731, DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.017089.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh case fatalityCase fatalityStroke mortalityRisk factorsStroke incidenceSocioeconomic statusTraditional stroke risk factorsIncident stroke riskStroke risk factorsProportional hazards analysisHigher stroke incidenceStroke-free participantsUrban-rural statusHigher stroke mortalityLow socioeconomic statusRural-urban statusExcess stroke mortalityIncident strokeStroke riskREGARDS studyHigh prevalenceHigh incidenceRural areasLogistic regressionSmall rural town
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