2025
Artificial intelligence chatbots as sources for patient education material on child abuse
Nguyen L, Tran V, Li J, Baughn D, Shotwell J, Gushanas K, Hasan S, Falls L, Zhong R. Artificial intelligence chatbots as sources for patient education material on child abuse. Child Protection And Practice 2025, 5: 100167. DOI: 10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100167.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNational Child Traumatic Stress NetworkChildhood maltreatmentChild abuseField of psychiatryPatient education materialsInterpersonal traumaPediatric psychologistsPsychiatric disordersChild psychiatristsAbuseReading levelEducational materialsStress networkWord countMaltreatmentActionability of patient education materialsSource of medical informationYears of ageAI chatbotsChildrenArtificial intelligenceNeglectRecommended reading levelChildhoodSecondary outcomesSustained Effectiveness, Tolerability, and Safety of Long-Term Prophylaxis with Lanadelumab in Hereditary Angioedema: The Prospective, Phase 4, Noninterventional EMPOWER Real-World Study
Bernstein J, Betschel S, Busse P, Banerji A, Wedner H, Manning M, Zaragoza-Urdaz R, Anderson J, Gagnon R, Baptist A, Soteres D, Lumry W, Craig T, Petroni D, Hsu F, Nova Estepan D, Juethner S, Watt M, Khutoryansky N, Zuraw B. Sustained Effectiveness, Tolerability, and Safety of Long-Term Prophylaxis with Lanadelumab in Hereditary Angioedema: The Prospective, Phase 4, Noninterventional EMPOWER Real-World Study. Advances In Therapy 2025, 1-20. DOI: 10.1007/s12325-025-03226-3.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTreatment-emergent adverse eventsLong-term prophylaxisHereditary angioedemaHAE attack ratesPost-baseline safety assessmentProphylaxis of hereditary angioedemaConclusionReal-world dataInjection site reactionsAttack rateReal-world studyYears of ageFemale patientsLanadelumabSite reactionsAdverse eventsFollow-upSafety signalsSafety dataEMPOWER studyPatientsDeficiency typeAngioedemaLow attack rateSustained effectPost-baselineHousehold practices and infrastructure associated with high Plasmodium falciparum infection rates among children under five years old in Northern Uganda
Echodu R, Ajolorwot S, Aryemo F, Nyeko C, Okot J, Iwiru T, Nakiwu V, Bei A, DeBlasio M, Turyasingura N, Zhang E, Parikh S. Household practices and infrastructure associated with high Plasmodium falciparum infection rates among children under five years old in Northern Uganda. Malaria Journal 2025, 24: 181. PMID: 40484941, PMCID: PMC12145591, DOI: 10.1186/s12936-025-05288-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIndoor residual sprayingArtemisinin-based combination therapyMalaria prevalenceCoverage of indoor residual sprayingPlasmodium falciparum infection rateIndoor residual spraying coverageEffective malaria preventionHighest malaria prevalenceInsecticide-treated netsConclusionA high prevalenceReduce malaria prevalenceHealth-seeking behaviorYears of ageMalaria preventionCombination therapyInsecticidal netsPlasmodium falciparumGovernment health centersBed netsMethodsA cross-sectional surveyPositive prevalenceResidual sprayingUntreated netsPre-tested questionnaireMosquito netsA phase 1b dose escalation study of AV-380 (anti-GDF15 monoclonal antibody) in combination with standard-of-care therapy in cancer patients with cachexia.
Roeland E, Tejani M, Cheung E, Dincman T, Lohiya V, Agarwal R, Sajid S, Gabayan A, Thumar J, Jin B, Lebedinsky C, Braendle E, Zuniga R. A phase 1b dose escalation study of AV-380 (anti-GDF15 monoclonal antibody) in combination with standard-of-care therapy in cancer patients with cachexia. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2025, 43 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.tps12142.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchGDF-15Multicenter phase 1b studyStandard-of-care therapyProportion to disease severityEscalating dose cohortsDose-limiting toxicityPhase 1b studyDose-escalation studyPathogenesis of cachexiaGDF-15 expressionRisk of side effectsAnti-drug antibodiesHigher risk of deathOff-label treatmentFDA-approved therapiesTreating cancer cachexiaAnimal cancer modelsPhase 1 healthy volunteer studyCirculating GDF-15Body weight regulationReverse weight lossRisk of deathYears of ageIgG1 monoclonal antibodyPatient-reported outcomesSWOG S2302, PRAGMATICA-LUNG: A pragmatic trial designed to increase participant representation.
Reckamp K, Redman M, Dragnev K, Khalil M, Henick B, Moon J, Ahmadzai P, LeBlanc M, Carrizosa D, Herbst R, Blanke C, Gray J. SWOG S2302, PRAGMATICA-LUNG: A pragmatic trial designed to increase participant representation. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2025, 43: 11016-11016. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.11016.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchNon-small cell lung cancerAdvanced non-small cell lung cancerStandard of careOverall survivalPD-(L)1Randomized phase III trialPhase II Randomized StudyPlatinum-based therapyTreated with immunotherapyPhase III trialsCell lung cancerYears of ageInhibitor therapyIII trialsStudy drugConcomitant medicationsOS endpointSafety profileToxicity profileAdverse eventsEffective therapyLung cancerBlack patientsReal-world practiceLaboratory assessmentCancer care for adolescents and young adults under the age of 50 in Saudi Arabia: policy review, research gaps, and future directions
Alessy S, Alghamdi M, Al-Bawardy B, Alghamdi S, Al-Hamoudi W, Alomaim W, Abaalkhail F, Alqarni A, Alsharm A, Alqurashi Y, Bokhary M, Alqahtani S. Cancer care for adolescents and young adults under the age of 50 in Saudi Arabia: policy review, research gaps, and future directions. EClinicalMedicine 2025, 103188. DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103188.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCancer incidence ratesPatient-centred careIncreasing cancer incidence ratesPublic health challengeYoung adultsSurvivorship carePsychological Well-BeingCancer carePsychosocial needsCare providersCancer ratesYears of ageHealthcare institutionsHealth challengesIncidence rateAYACareSaudi ArabiaUnified treatment protocolRisk factorsPolicy developmentPolicy reviewResearch initiativesTargeted researchAdultsPhase I/Ib study of inavolisib (INAVO) alone and in combination with endocrine therapy ± palbociclib (PALBO) in patients (pts) with PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer (HR+, HER2– LA/mBC): Analysis of hyperglycemia (HG) in prediabetic/obese pts.
Oliveira M, Accordino M, Cervantes A, Gambardella V, Hamilton E, Italiano A, Jhaveri K, Juric D, Kalinsky K, Krop I, Saura C, Schmid P, Turner N, Varga A, Jin Y, Lim S, Royer-Joo S, Shankar N, Schutzman J, Bedard P. Phase I/Ib study of inavolisib (INAVO) alone and in combination with endocrine therapy ± palbociclib (PALBO) in patients (pts) with PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer (HR+, HER2– LA/mBC): Analysis of hyperglycemia (HG) in prediabetic/obese pts. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2025, 43: 1004-1004. DOI: 10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.1004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchPhase I/IB StudyAdverse eventsPI3K inhibitorsDose interruptionStarting doseLocally advanced/metastatic breast cancerMedian time to onsetRisk factorsMedian time to improvementMedian starting doseHormone receptor-positiveAdvanced/Metastatic Breast CancerEffects of PI3K inhibitorsTime to improvementOn-target side effectsClinical cut-offTime to onsetBaseline risk factorsYears of ageCut-offDose intensityLaboratory glucose valuesReceptor-positiveAdvanced BCPIK3CA mutationsLong-Term Outcomes and Risk Factors of Mortality After Reoperation on the Aortic Root: A Single-Center 20-Year Experience
Bozini N, Piber N, Vitanova K, Sideris K, Herold U, Guenzinger R, Georgescu T, Amabile A, Krane M, Prinzing A. Long-Term Outcomes and Risk Factors of Mortality After Reoperation on the Aortic Root: A Single-Center 20-Year Experience. Journal Of Clinical Medicine 2025, 14: 3727. PMID: 40507487, PMCID: PMC12155750, DOI: 10.3390/jcm14113727.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAortic root reoperationNon-elective surgeryTemporary mechanical circulatory supportAortic rootMechanical circulatory supportRoot reoperationConcomitant proceduresProlonged cardiopulmonary bypass timeAssociated with worse survivalRisk factorsCirculatory supportCardiopulmonary bypass timeRisk factors of mortalityBaseline patient riskHigh-volume centersTranscatheter aortic valve implantationReceiver operating characteristic curveLong-term outcomesPredictors of mortalityFactors of mortalityHigh-risk procedureAortic valve implantationYears of ageBypass timeEuroSCORE II0187 Effects of Community Violence on Pediatric Sleep Health: A Systematic Review
Scheibner H, Condon E, LaFleur K, Redeker N. 0187 Effects of Community Violence on Pediatric Sleep Health: A Systematic Review. Sleep 2025, 48: a84-a84. DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaf090.0187.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSleep health dimensionsSleep healthHealth dimensionsSystematic reviewPromote health equityEffects of community violenceIndividual-level interventionsSelf-report measures of sleepCommunity violenceHealth equitySleep behaviorEnglish-language articlesChild healthMeasures of sleepDisadvantaged neighborhoodsSelf-report measuresLifelong healthYears of ageElectronic databasesPromote rigorSleep dimensionsHealthRelevant articlesExposure to community violenceCommunity violence exposureThe impact of a home visiting program on the care environment of Brazilian adolescent mothers - an descriptive exploratory study
da Silva L, Siqueira L, Oliveira L, Filho E, Polanczyk G, Fracolli L. The impact of a home visiting program on the care environment of Brazilian adolescent mothers - an descriptive exploratory study. Frontiers In Global Women's Health 2025, 6: 1530351. PMID: 40351759, PMCID: PMC12061960, DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2025.1530351.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchIntervention groupVisiting programsCare environmentChild developmentHome visiting programsAdolescent mothersControl groupBrazilian adolescent mothersHigh social vulnerabilityRandomised controlled clinical trialsEnvironment of childrenMaternal schoolingYears of ageLow schoolingPregnant adolescentsEnvironment of familiesHome environmentSocial vulnerabilityControlled clinical trialsPilot studyCareMothersInterventionPrimary schoolsChildrenCharacteristics and Outcomes of Older Patients Undergoing Protected Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Impella
Jakob P, Lansky A, Basir M, Schonning M, Falah B, Zhou Z, Batchelor W, Abu‐Much A, Grines C, O'Neill W, Stähli B. Characteristics and Outcomes of Older Patients Undergoing Protected Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Impella. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2025, 14: e038509. PMID: 40240978, PMCID: PMC12184249, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.038509.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh-risk percutaneous coronary interventionOutcomes of patientsPercutaneous coronary interventionOlder patientsCoronary interventionYears of ageCerebral eventsHigher left ventricular ejection fractionRates of respiratory failureSevere valvular heart diseaseRates of all-cause deathOutcomes of older patientsIn-hospital vascular complicationsVentricular ejection fractionCardiac Surgery scoreAll-cause deathValvular heart diseaseLeft main percutaneous coronary interventionEjection fractionRespiratory failureRenal functionPericardial tamponadeBaseline characteristicsSafety profileYounger patientsAll-Cause Mortality and Life Expectancy by Birth Cohort Across US States
Holford T, McKay L, Tam J, Jeon J, Meza R. All-Cause Mortality and Life Expectancy by Birth Cohort Across US States. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e257695. PMID: 40293748, PMCID: PMC12038512, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.7695.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBirth cohortYears of ageLife expectancyAge-period-cohort modelNational Center for Health StatisticsCenter for Health StatisticsCenters for Disease Control and PreventionUS mortality ratesDisease Control and PreventionPublic health interventionsCohort-specific patternsCohort life expectancyLower life expectancyControl and PreventionAll-Cause MortalityUS statesMortality rateOnline dataMortality trendsHealth interventionsHealth StatisticsMortality dataAll-CauseMain OutcomesCohort studyMorphometric analysis of the inferior petrosal sinus and cerebellopontine angle cistern to assess feasibility of endovascular shunting in pediatric patients
Colasurdo M, Chen K, Chen H, McIntyre M, Matouk C, Selim M, Whitehead W, Heilman C, Malek A, Kan P. Morphometric analysis of the inferior petrosal sinus and cerebellopontine angle cistern to assess feasibility of endovascular shunting in pediatric patients. Journal Of NeuroInterventional Surgery 2025, jnis-2025-023137. PMID: 40169197, DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2025-023137.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchInferior petrosal sinusCerebellopontine angle cisternShunt placementPetrosal sinusAnatomical criteriaHigh-resolution brain MRISurgical shunt placementYears of ageConsecutive patientsPediatric patientsMultivariable adjustmentBrain MRIAdult criteriaPatientsPediatric hospitalEndovascular shuntYounger ageLeft sidePediatric applicationsLimited dataSinusAssociated with differencesRegression analysisAgeSchool ageHippocampal encoding of memories in human infants
Yates T, Fel J, Choi D, Trach J, Behm L, Ellis C, Turk-Browne N. Hippocampal encoding of memories in human infants. Science 2025, 387: 1316-1320. PMID: 40112047, DOI: 10.1126/science.adt7570.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsInfantile amnesiaFunctional magnetic resonance imagingEncoding of memoriesMemory taskEpisodic memoryHippocampal encodingHuman infantsAwake infantsMemoryEncoding mechanismMagnetic resonance imagingAmnesiaMemory-basedIndividual memoryAutobiographical recordResonance imagingPostencodingHippocampusPeriod of human lifeYears of ageInfancyBrainTaskRetrievalFunctional Trajectories After COVID‐19 Hospitalization Among Older Adults
Ho J, McAvay G, Murphy T, Acampora D, Araujo K, Geda M, Gill T, Hajduk A, Cohen A, Ferrante L. Functional Trajectories After COVID‐19 Hospitalization Among Older Adults. Journal Of The American Geriatrics Society 2025, 73: 1733-1741. PMID: 40096163, PMCID: PMC12213203, DOI: 10.1111/jgs.19420.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIn-hospital deliriumFunction trajectoriesFactors associated with trajectory membershipTrajectory membershipAssociation of potential risk factorsCommunity-dwelling adultsRisk factorsModifiable risk factorsMedical decision-makingOlder survivorsPotential risk factorsOlder adultsSeverity of illnessAssociated with membershipYears of ageCOVID-19 hospitalizationModerate trajectoryLatent class analysisMultinomial regressionSurvive hospitalizationCOVID-19DisabilitySeverity trajectoriesHospitalClass analysisStandard‐Dose Versus High‐Dose Cisplatin for Intermediate/Poor‐Risk Extracranial Malignant Germ Cell Tumors: Re‐Analysis of Pediatric Oncology Group 9049 and Children's Cancer Group 8882 Trial Using Updated MaGIC Risk Stratification
Prior D, Yang J, Nuño M, Shaikh F, Frazier A, Pashankar F. Standard‐Dose Versus High‐Dose Cisplatin for Intermediate/Poor‐Risk Extracranial Malignant Germ Cell Tumors: Re‐Analysis of Pediatric Oncology Group 9049 and Children's Cancer Group 8882 Trial Using Updated MaGIC Risk Stratification. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 2025, 72: e31665. PMID: 40098231, PMCID: PMC12018124, DOI: 10.1002/pbc.31665.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsBleomycinChildChild, PreschoolCisplatinClinical Trials, Phase II as TopicEtoposideFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMediastinal NeoplasmsMulticenter Studies as TopicNeoplasms, Germ Cell and EmbryonalOvarian NeoplasmsPrognosisRetroperitoneal NeoplasmsRisk AssessmentSecondary Data AnalysisSurvival RateTesticular NeoplasmsConceptsGerm cell tumorsEvent-free survivalOverall survivalStandard of careRisk stratificationCell tumorsExtracranial malignant germ cell tumorsHigh-risk germ cell tumorsMalignant Germ Cell International ConsortiumRetroperitoneal germ cell tumorsOvarian germ cell tumorsMalignant germ cell tumorsHigh-dose cisplatinChildren's Cancer GroupYears of ageStatistically significant differenceMediastinal primaryGCT patientsIntergroup trialPoor riskHDPEBHigh-doseRandomized patientsAdolescent patientsPoor prognosisDisparities in use of physical restraint and chemical sedation in the emergency department by patient housing status
Robinson L, Ryus C, Nath B, Kumar A, Desai R, Shah D, Faustino I, Wong A. Disparities in use of physical restraint and chemical sedation in the emergency department by patient housing status. PLOS ONE 2025, 20: e0319286. PMID: 40080507, PMCID: PMC11906057, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319286.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPatient's housing statusEmergency departmentHousing statusPhysical restraintSedative usePsychiatric emergency careAdverse health outcomesCross-sectional studyLogistic regression modelsRestraint ordersEmergency careHealth outcomesED visitsPatient raceYears of ageDescriptive statisticsHealthcare networkRegional healthcare networkChemical sedationHoused patientsDemographic factorsMarginalized populationsRegression modelsCareChief complaintIncidence and Risk Factors for Steroid-associated Osteonecrosis in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Johnson T, Naz H, Taylor V, Farook S, Hofmann G, Harbacheck K, Pham N, Smith S, Chao K, Lee T, Goodman S, Shea K. Incidence and Risk Factors for Steroid-associated Osteonecrosis in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Journal Of Pediatric Orthopaedics 2025, 45: 337-347. PMID: 40078093, DOI: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000002919.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSystematic reviewClinical decision-makingCohort studyRisk factorsSteroid-associated osteonecrosisControlled TrialsNon-Hispanic raceCochrane Central Registry of Controlled TrialsMeta-analyses guidelinesPediatric orthopaedic surgeonsCentral Registry of Controlled TrialsRegistry of Controlled TrialsProspective cohort studyStandard clinical pathwayBody mass indexComprehensive systematic reviewRandomized Controlled TrialsCochrane Central RegistryRetrospective cohort studyScreened titlesFunctional disabilityGenetic risk factorsSystemic corticosteroid exposureClinical pathwayYears of ageCharacterisation of a syndemic of STI symptoms, substance use and violence among incarcerated Peruvian women
Cyrus E, Turpin R, Dyer T, Hashemi E, Ali S, Bazo A, Morgan-Lopez A, Scheidell J, Leon S, Sciaudone M, Altice F. Characterisation of a syndemic of STI symptoms, substance use and violence among incarcerated Peruvian women. Sexually Transmitted Infections 2025, sextrans-2024-056371. PMID: 40081910, DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2024-056371.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchSexually transmitted infection symptomsSexually transmitted infectionsIncarcerated womenSubstance usePopulation of incarcerated womenRisk of violenceSTI symptomsLatent profile analysisIncarceration ratesHigh school degreeSubstance misusePrisonSyndemic theoryViolenceYears of ageCross-sectional studyDeleterious health outcomesMedian ageSchool degreeSexual behaviorAt-risk populationsHealth outcomesGlobal trendsPeruvian womenEpidemiological dataGastrointestinal Bleeding in the Older Adult: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Management
Sobani Z, Hung K. Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the Older Adult: Pathophysiology, Evaluation, and Management. Current Treatment Options In Gastroenterology 2025, 23: 4. DOI: 10.1007/s11938-025-00469-5.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsOlder individualsManagement of modifiable risk factorsRisk factorsModifiable risk factorsProportion of individualsOlder adultsYears of ageBleeding riskGI bleedingManagement of GI bleedingRisk scoreTiming of endoscopic interventionPeri-procedural anticoagulation managementNovel risk scoreComorbid conditionsGastrointestinal (GI) bleedingReduce mortalityHelicobacter pylori infectionMitigate bleeding riskMortalityEndoscopic therapyRiskPrevent rebleedingGastrointestinal bleedingAnticoagulation management
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