2025
Childhood allostatic load predicts cardiometabolic health in adulthood.
Hinz E, Vitali A, Tong G, Pontzer H, Copeland W. Childhood allostatic load predicts cardiometabolic health in adulthood. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2025, 122: e2508549122. PMID: 40982685, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2508549122.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAdult cardiometabolic healthCardiometabolic healthAllostatic loadAL scoreCardiometabolic outcomesChildhood ALCumulative burdenAdult cardiometabolic outcomesWaist-to-hip ratioBurden of chronic stressWaist-to-hipAssociated with C-reactive proteinHealth in adulthoodLong-term health trajectoriesLife course effectsCumulative stress exposureChildhood BMIAge-standardized valuesCardiometabolic indicatorsHealth outcomesHealth trajectoriesPhysiological dysregulationDiastolic blood pressureImputed datasetsCohort studyInterdisciplinary Development and Fine-Tuning of CARDIO, a Large Language Model for Cardiovascular Health Education in HIV Care: Tutorial
Rullo R, Maatouk A, Huang T, Chen J, Qiu W, O'Connor G, Womack J, Sadak T, Rodriguez C, Carneiro P, de Jesus Espinosa T, Marshall A, Ying R, Ramos S. Interdisciplinary Development and Fine-Tuning of CARDIO, a Large Language Model for Cardiovascular Health Education in HIV Care: Tutorial. Journal Of Medical Internet Research 2025, 27: e77053. PMID: 40794856, PMCID: PMC12475882, DOI: 10.2196/77053.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsArtificial IntelligenceCardiovascular DiseasesHIV InfectionsHumansLanguageLarge Language ModelsPatient Education as TopicConceptsCardiovascular health educationHIV careHealth educationPatient educationChronic illnessPrevalence of chronic illnessCardiovascular health promotionHealth care consumersEvidence-based sourcesHealth promotionCare consumersPatient teachingFinancial toxicityHealth carePatient careData-based developmentInterdisciplinary teamLanguage modelPrevention educationCarePilot testHealthPublic healthEconomic burdenDevelopment of cardio-Factors associated with the adoption of the WHO Package of Essential Non-Communicable Diseases (PEN) Protocol 1 in primary healthcare settings in Nepal: a cross-sectional study
Timalsena D, Nakarmi C, Mali S, Dhakal A, Bharati A, Bishwokarma A, Adhikari A, Poudel B, Kulung B, Baral P, Bhattarai S, Dixit L, Pokharel Y, Rhodes E, Xu D, Spiegelman D, Shrestha A. Factors associated with the adoption of the WHO Package of Essential Non-Communicable Diseases (PEN) Protocol 1 in primary healthcare settings in Nepal: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2025, 15: e090923. PMID: 40935428, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-090923.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWHO packageNon-communicable diseasesPrimary healthcareBody mass indexCardiovascular disease risk-prediction chartsHealthcare workersCardiovascular diseaseRisk prediction chartsPrimary healthcare settingsPrimary healthcare facilitiesPrimary healthcare centresBlood glucose screeningCardiovascular disease riskLow-resource settingsCross-sectional studyAssociated with accessBMI assessmentHealthcare settingsSystemic barriersProvider motivationBlood pressure measurementsAvailability of metforminRisk chartsPrediction chartsHealthcare facilitiesA semi-empirical Bayes approach for calibrating weak instrumental bias in sex-specific Mendelian randomization studies
Huang Y, Kurniansyah N, Levey D, Gelernter J, Huffman J, Cho K, Wilson P, Gottlieb D, Rice K, Sofer T. A semi-empirical Bayes approach for calibrating weak instrumental bias in sex-specific Mendelian randomization studies. American Journal Of Human Genetics 2025, 112: 2213-2231. PMID: 40912238, PMCID: PMC12416758, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2025.07.015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWeak instrument biasCVD-related outcomesMillion Veteran ProgramGenome-wide association studiesMendelian randomizationShrinkage estimatorsCausal effectsGenome-wide association study dataMendelian randomization studiesEffect estimatesBayes approachVariable selectionSimulation studyMR analysisInstrumental biasesSex groupsCardiovascular diseaseLong sleep durationBayesian frameworkSleep phenotypesVeteran ProgramEstimationIntervention studiesAssociation studiesSleep durationCardiovascular Health Effects and Synthetic Cooling Agents in E-Cigarettes Labeled as "Clear" Marketed in Massachusetts After the Tobacco Product Flavoring Ban.
Minetti E, Erythropel H, Keith R, Davis D, Zimmerman J, Krishnan-Sarin S, Hamburg N. Cardiovascular Health Effects and Synthetic Cooling Agents in E-Cigarettes Labeled as "Clear" Marketed in Massachusetts After the Tobacco Product Flavoring Ban. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2025, 14: e036106. PMID: 40792641, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.036106.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsE-cigarettesE-cigarette usersBlood pressureTobacco productsFlavor banSynthetic cooling agentsFlavored tobacco productsNon-clearanceHeart rateCardiovascular health effectsE-cigarette useBaseline blood pressureE-liquidsElectronic cigarettesCardiovascular injuryE-cigarette productsHemodynamic effectsAcute useHealth impactsJUUL e-liquidsHeart rate measurementsMultivariate modelHemodynamic impactHealth effectsNonusersHeart of the matter: Neutrophils, cancer, and cardiovascular disease
Ambreen S, McCarthy A, Hidalgo A, Adrover J. Heart of the matter: Neutrophils, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Journal Of Experimental Medicine 2025, 222: e20242402. PMID: 40788286, DOI: 10.1084/jem.20242402.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCardiovascular diseaseImmune cellsBurden of cardiovascular diseaseElevated burdenVascular endothelial cellsThrombotic eventsCardiovascular complicationsHypercoagulable stateTumor growthNeutrophil subtypesCancer patientsNeutrophil numbersVascular damageCancer progressionMyocardial infarctionCancerEndothelial cellsNeutrophilsDiseaseDisease statesPathological conditionsInflammationLower Prepregnancy Cardiovascular Health is Associated With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: The CARDIA Study
Dodds L, Feaster D, Kiefe C, Gunderson E, Bello N, Rundek T, Paidas M, Kulandavelu S, Elfassy T. Lower Prepregnancy Cardiovascular Health is Associated With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: The CARDIA Study. Hypertension 2025, 82: 1696-1704. PMID: 40776881, PMCID: PMC12372538, DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.124.24517.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultBlood PressureCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleHumansHypertension, Pregnancy-InducedLongitudinal StudiesMalePregnancyRisk FactorsUnited StatesYoung AdultConceptsHypertensive disorders of pregnancy riskLife's Essential 8Hypertensive disorders of pregnancyCardiovascular healthAssociated with hypertensive disordersDisorders of pregnancyLife's Essential 8 scoreLow cardiovascular healthLong-term cardiovascular disease riskHypertensive disordersLongitudinal cohort studyCardiovascular disease riskGestational hypertensionAssociated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancyHealth behaviorsCARDIA studyMaternal morbidityBaseline ageSelf-ReportCohort studyIndependent risk factorBlack womenFollow-up timeCardiovascular traitsDisease riskChanges in Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Health Care Expenditures Among Patients Prescribed Semaglutide
Lu Y, Liu Y, Totojani T, Kim C, Khera R, Xu H, Brush J, Krumholz H, Abaluck J. Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Health Care Expenditures Among Patients Prescribed Semaglutide. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e2526013. PMID: 40779264, PMCID: PMC12334959, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.26013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealth care expendituresCardiovascular risk factorsCare expendituresCohort studyRisk factorsYale New Haven Health SystemCohort study of adultsType 2 diabetes statusLong-term impactStudy of adultsHealth systemRetrospective cohort studyBlood pressureHemoglobin A1c reductionMain OutcomesTotal cholesterolSentara HealthcareInpatient staySecondary outcomesGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsPrimary outcomeHealthPeptide-1 receptor agonistsAssociated with clinical outcomesAssociated with reductionsHeterogeneity of Cardiovascular Effects of Second‐Line Glucose‐Lowering Therapies in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Across the Range of Moderate Baseline Cardiovascular Risk
Deng Y, Polley E, Herrin J, Swarna K, Kent D, Ross J, Maron B, Mickelson M, McCoy R. Heterogeneity of Cardiovascular Effects of Second‐Line Glucose‐Lowering Therapies in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Across the Range of Moderate Baseline Cardiovascular Risk. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2025, 14: e040217. PMID: 40673553, PMCID: PMC12449908, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.124.040217.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedBlood GlucoseCardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV InhibitorsFemaleGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedRisk AssessmentSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsSulfonylurea CompoundsTreatment OutcomeUnited StatesConceptsHigher-risk patientsLower-risk patientsType 2 diabetesGlucose-lowering therapyGLP-1RAModerate cardiovascular riskGLP-1RAsCardiovascular riskSecond-line glucose-lowering therapySodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitorsGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistsPeptide-1 receptor agonistsDipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitorsEffects of GLP-1RAsCotransporter-2 inhibitorsPeptidase-4 inhibitorsAdverse cardiovascular eventsBaseline cardiovascular riskLevel of cardiovascular riskLowered riskReceptor agonistsSodium-glucoseComparative effectiveness trialAbsolute benefitCardiovascular eventsLongitudinal sequencing of cardiometabolic multimorbidity among older adults and association with subsequent dementia onset
Nagel C, Chen S, Allore H, Botoseneanu A, Newsom J, Bishop N, Dorr D, Kaye J, Quiñones A. Longitudinal sequencing of cardiometabolic multimorbidity among older adults and association with subsequent dementia onset. PLOS ONE 2025, 20: e0326309. PMID: 40638618, PMCID: PMC12244708, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0326309.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAged, 80 and overCardiovascular DiseasesCluster AnalysisDementiaFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMultimorbidityConceptsCardiometabolic multimorbiditySociodemographic predictorsIncident CVDNational Health and Aging Trends StudyOlder adultsDisease accumulationCardiometabolic diseasesLow-income older adultsCardiometabolic disease preventionIncident cardiometabolic diseaseDiscrete time survival analysisMultinomial logistic regressionDementia riskMultimorbidity clustersDementia onsetTime survival analysisTrends StudyDementia developmentMultimorbidityHispanic race/ethnicityDisease combinationsLikelihood of membershipDisease sequenceDisease preventionLogistic regressionLessons learned from aldehyde dehydrogenases as non-P450 aldehyde-oxidizing enzymes: implications for the ‘exposome’ and human health
Lisgara A, Thompson D, Nebert D, Vasiliou V. Lessons learned from aldehyde dehydrogenases as non-P450 aldehyde-oxidizing enzymes: implications for the ‘exposome’ and human health. Expert Opinion On Drug Metabolism & Toxicology 2025, 21: 915-919. PMID: 40591371, DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2025.2524872.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAldehyde dehydrogenaseAldehyde-oxidizing enzymesNon-P450ALDH superfamilyNitric oxide-related speciesEnzymatic diversityGenetic screeningALDH polymorphismsCytochrome P450 enzymesRedox balancePrecise risk assessmentNeurodegenerative diseasesEnvironmental stressorsClinical implicationsDetoxication functionEnzymeP450 enzymesLifetime environmental exposuresTherapeutic targetPolymorphismCellular damageDehydrogenaseEnvironmental exposuresClinical relevanceHuman healthShared genetic architecture of posttraumatic stress disorder with cardiovascular imaging, risk, and diagnoses
Shen J, Valentim W, Friligkou E, Overstreet C, Choi K, Koller D, O’Donnell C, Stein M, Gelernter J, Lv H, Sun L, Falcone G, Polimanti R, Pathak G. Shared genetic architecture of posttraumatic stress disorder with cardiovascular imaging, risk, and diagnoses. Nature Communications 2025, 16: 5631. PMID: 40595462, PMCID: PMC12217169, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-60487-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderStress disorderPosttraumatic stress disorderHealth behaviorsLife's Essential 8Electronic health recordsCardiovascular conditionsDisordersBrain genesHealth recordsCalcium-related mechanismGenetic architectureSocioeconomic factorsBrainCardiovascular diagnosisRisk lociEssential 8Cardiovascular riskHealthDepressionImaging traitsRiskObservational analysisTissue-specific mechanismsGenetic regionsDelayed Hypertension Diagnosis and Its Association With Cardiovascular Treatment and Outcomes
Lu Y, Brush J, Kim C, Liu Y, Xin X, Huang C, Sawano M, Young P, McPadden J, Anderson M, Burrows J, Asher J, Krumholz H. Delayed Hypertension Diagnosis and Its Association With Cardiovascular Treatment and Outcomes. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e2520498. PMID: 40658418, PMCID: PMC12261005, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.20498.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsElectronic health recordsHypertension diagnosisIntegrated health care systemHazard ratioNon-Hispanic black raceAntihypertensive medication prescribingMedication prescription ratesClinical diagnosis of hypertensionHealth care systemCardiovascular outcomesRisk of myocardial infarctionCox proportional hazards regression modelsAssociated with younger ageOutpatient blood pressureBlood pressureCardiovascular riskProportional hazards regression modelsAntihypertensive medication prescriptionsDiagnosis of hypertensionMultivariate Cox proportional hazards regression modelsAssociated with delayHazards regression modelsMedication prescribingHealth recordsNon-HispanicThe Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Cardiovascular Disease
Jamil Y, Krishnaswami A, Orkaby A, Stimmel M, Brown Iv C, Mecca A, Forman D, Rich M, Nanna M, Damluji A. The Impact of Cognitive Impairment on Cardiovascular Disease. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2025, 85: 2472-2491. PMID: 40562512, PMCID: PMC12309292, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2025.04.057.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsImpact of cognitive impairmentCognitive impairmentCardiovascular diseaseHealth care utilizationOlder adult populationEvidence-based management strategiesMedical adverse eventsHealth literacyCare utilizationOlder adultsMitigate cognitive impairmentUnder-prescribedReduced participationU.S. populationTreatment of patientsAdult populationGuideline-directedExcess morbidityCardiac patientsRisk factorsOlder patientsAdverse eventsHealthMechanism of cognitive impairmentInterventional managementImprovements in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors by Weight Reduction: A Post Hoc Analysis of Adults With Obesity Randomly Assigned to Tirzepatide.
Linetzky B, Sattar N, Verma S, Krumholz H, Xie C, Hoffmann H, Zimner-Rapuch S, Torcello-Gómez A, Stefanski A. Improvements in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors by Weight Reduction: A Post Hoc Analysis of Adults With Obesity Randomly Assigned to Tirzepatide. Annals Of Internal Medicine 2025, 178: 1095-1105. PMID: 40550133, DOI: 10.7326/annals-24-02623.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCardiometabolic risk factorsBaseline to weekHemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub>Homeostatic model assessmentDiastolic blood pressureRisk factorsBlood pressureHemoglobin A<sWaist circumferenceHOMA-IRHigh-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterolMean body mass indexHomeostatic model assessment of insulin resistanceModel assessment of insulin resistanceWeight reductionAssessment of insulin resistanceLow-density lipoprotein cholesterolWeight-related complicationsDegree of weight reductionEvaluation of cardiovascular outcomesNon-HDL cholesterolBody mass indexLevels of triglyceridesSystolic blood pressurePost Hoc AnalysisCardiovascular disease in patients with limited English proficiency: A narrative review
Latif Z, Inam M, Tummala A, Nelson B, Makuvire T, Warraich H. Cardiovascular disease in patients with limited English proficiency: A narrative review. Current Problems In Cardiology 2025, 50: 103107. PMID: 40516666, DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2025.103107.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCardiovascular DiseasesHealthcare DisparitiesHumansLimited English ProficiencyRisk FactorsConceptsLimited English proficiency patientsLimited English proficiencyCardiovascular disease risk factorsCardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular disease careHealth care deliveryRate of hospital readmissionEmergency department visitsRisk factorsCare disparitiesEnglish proficiencyCare deliveryCare differencesSymptom recognitionDepartment visitsHigher RatesHospital readmissionDisease awarenessCareLanguage preferenceBalloon timeNarrative reviewAcute coronary syndromeHeart failureCoronary artery diseasePsychological Aspects of Wearable Health Technologies in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Literature Review and Call to Action
Gaffey A, Hooker S, Lampert R, Gehi A, Rosman L. Psychological Aspects of Wearable Health Technologies in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Literature Review and Call to Action. Current Cardiology Reports 2025, 27: 92. PMID: 40478308, DOI: 10.1007/s11886-025-02234-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsWearable health technologiesMental healthCardiovascular diseaseHealth technologiesCardiovascular disease self-managementPatients' mental healthAdverse psychological reactionsQuality of lifeProvider burdenHealthy behaviorsHealthcare providersHealthcare utilizationSelf-ManagementWell-designed prospective studiesCVD managementHealth metricsHealthcare systemHigh-risk groupLifestyle modificationConsumer wearablesImplementation of wearablesPatient outcomesHealthcarePsychological reactionsPsychological effectsThe Brain Care Score and its associations with cardiovascular disease and cancer
Senff J, Rivier C, Tack R, Tan B, Kimball T, Brouwers H, Newhouse A, Fricchione G, Tanzi R, Yechoor N, Chemali Z, Anderson C, Rosand J, Falcone G, Singh S. The Brain Care Score and its associations with cardiovascular disease and cancer. Family Practice 2025, 42: cmaf034. PMID: 40464807, DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmaf034.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedCardiovascular DiseasesDementiaDepressionFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsUnited KingdomConceptsLate-life depressionIncidence of cardiovascular diseaseCare scoresCardiovascular diseaseUK Biobank (UKBCases of cardiovascular diseaseRisk of dementiaHealth-related behaviorsIncident cardiovascular diseaseModifiable risk factorsCases of cancerCancer typesUKB participantsCox proportional hazards regression analysisProportional hazards regression analysisHazards regression analysisHealthy agingRisk factorsUKBDementiaRegression analysisFollow-upParticipantsAge-related brain diseasesBaselineEffect modification by cardiovascular and metabolic disease onset on long-term PM2.5 exposure and mortality: a nationwide cohort study
Jang H, Park J, Lee E, Kang D, Moon J, Song I, Ahn S, Kim A, Kang C, Oh J, Kwon D, Min J, Kim E, Bell M, Kim H, Lee W. Effect modification by cardiovascular and metabolic disease onset on long-term PM2.5 exposure and mortality: a nationwide cohort study. Scientific Reports 2025, 15: 19570. PMID: 40467860, PMCID: PMC12137577, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-04498-z.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLong-term PM2.5 exposureEffect modificationPM2.5 exposureEstimate effect modificationPM2.5-mortality associationsPopulation-representative cohortTarget specific interventionsMyocardial infarctionNationwide cohort studyNon-accidental deathsEffects of PM2.5PM2.5-mortalityRisk of PM2.5Preemptive careCox regression modelsHTN/DMCohort studyHazard ratioDisease onsetCerebrovascular diseaseRegression modelsMetabolic disease onsetCohortRenal diseaseMortalityGLP-1 RA Use and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance
Chi K, Song J, Desphande S, Lee P, Soni A, Gonzales-Uribe A, Lessa Y, Morgan A, Chang Y, Lin Y, Akman Z, Nouri A, Rossi R, Babapour G, Varrias D, Parker T, Baldassarre L, Jha A, Muchtar E, Hull S, Kwan J, Nanna M. GLP-1 RA Use and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance. JAMA Network Open 2025, 8: e2517541. PMID: 40587132, PMCID: PMC12210086, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.17541.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGlucagon-like peptide-1GLP-1 RAsNew-onset HFAcute kidney injuryEnd-stage kidney diseaseScore matching analysisPrimary preventionMonoclonal gammopathyTransient ischemic attackCohort studyDecompensated HFMGUS diagnosisRA usersKidney injuryHeart failureRA useKidney diseaseIschemic attackEffects of GLP-1 RAsMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsProspective randomized trialsSecondary end pointsRisk of cardiovascular diseaseRetrospective cohort studyAdverse cardiovascular events
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