2011
Galanin negatively modulates opiate withdrawal via galanin receptor 1
Holmes FE, Armenaki A, Iismaa TP, Einstein EB, Shine J, Picciotto MR, Wynick D, Zachariou V. Galanin negatively modulates opiate withdrawal via galanin receptor 1. Psychopharmacology 2011, 220: 619-625. PMID: 21969124, PMCID: PMC3324978, DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2515-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGalanin receptor 1Chronic morphine administrationMorphine administrationLocus coeruleusGalanin expressionOpiate withdrawalReceptor 1Distinct G protein-coupled receptorsPrecipitation of withdrawalAction of morphineDoses of morphineWild-type miceTransgenic mouse lineG protein-coupled receptorsExpress galaninGalanin levelsWild-type controlsProtein-coupled receptorsNeuropeptide galaninMorphine dependenceWithdrawal signsOpiate dependenceGalaninTransgenic miceGalR2 gene
2005
GalR1, but not GalR2 or GalR3, levels are regulated by galanin signaling in the locus coeruleus through a cyclic AMP‐dependent mechanism
Hawes JJ, Brunzell DH, Wynick D, Zachariou V, Picciotto MR. GalR1, but not GalR2 or GalR3, levels are regulated by galanin signaling in the locus coeruleus through a cyclic AMP‐dependent mechanism. Journal Of Neurochemistry 2005, 93: 1168-1176. PMID: 15934937, PMCID: PMC1352153, DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03105.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCAMP-dependent mannerKnockout micePhysiological functionsCREB phosphorylationProtein levelsGALR1 expressionCell linesGalanin knockout miceMRNA levelsCAMP levelsMouse brainCyclic AMP-dependent mechanismGalR3Important rolePhosphorylationGalR1GalR2ProteinNegative feedbackMiceExpressionLevelsNucleusCATH
2004
Characterization of GalR1, GalR2, and GalR3 immunoreactivity in catecholaminergic nuclei of the mouse brain
Hawes JJ, Picciotto MR. Characterization of GalR1, GalR2, and GalR3 immunoreactivity in catecholaminergic nuclei of the mouse brain. The Journal Of Comparative Neurology 2004, 479: 410-423. PMID: 15514977, DOI: 10.1002/cne.20329.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsBrainCatecholaminesGalaninImmunohistochemistryLocus CoeruleusMiceNeural PathwaysNeuronsNucleus AccumbensOpioid-Related DisordersReceptor, Galanin, Type 1Receptor, Galanin, Type 2Receptor, Galanin, Type 3Receptors, GalaninRewardSubstantia NigraTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseVentral Tegmental AreaConceptsVentral tegmental areaSubstantia nigraLocus coeruleusNucleus accumbensGalanin receptorsBrain areasMouse brainDistribution of immunoreactivityNoradrenergic transmissionGalanin bindingOpiate withdrawalTegmental areaCatecholaminergic nucleiTyrosine hydroxylaseDopamine neurotransmissionGalR1GalR2GalR3BrainProtein levelsDrug addictionGalaninImmunoreactivityReceptorsCoeruleus