2016
Neuropsychological Functioning in Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Associations with Performance Validity, Comorbidities, and Functional Outcomes
Wrocklage KM, Schweinsburg BC, Krystal JH, Trejo M, Roy A, Weisser V, Moore TM, Southwick SM, Scott JC. Neuropsychological Functioning in Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Associations with Performance Validity, Comorbidities, and Functional Outcomes. Journal Of The International Neuropsychological Society 2016, 22: 399-411. PMID: 26892753, DOI: 10.1017/s1355617716000059.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNeuropsychological functioningGroup differencesValidity concernsPhysical health-related qualityDomains of speedPosttraumatic stress disorderInformation processing performanceEpisodic memoryAttention/Executive functionLanguage functioningPerformance validityCognitive functioningDisorder displayNeurocognitive domainsNeurocognitive findingsNeurocognitive functioningComparison participantsPTSD groupNeuropsychological testsStress disorderMost prior researchOccupational functioningNeuropsychological resultsPTSD status
2014
Tobacco smoking interferes with GABAA receptor neuroadaptations during prolonged alcohol withdrawal
Cosgrove KP, McKay R, Esterlis I, Kloczynski T, Perkins E, Bois F, Pittman B, Lancaster J, Glahn DC, O’Malley S, Carson RE, Krystal JH. Tobacco smoking interferes with GABAA receptor neuroadaptations during prolonged alcohol withdrawal. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America 2014, 111: 18031-18036. PMID: 25453062, PMCID: PMC4273348, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1413947111.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGABAA receptor levelsAlcohol withdrawalTobacco smokingReceptor levelsGABAA receptorsAlcohol-dependent smokersGABAA receptor availabilityMo of abstinenceProlonged alcohol withdrawalGABAA receptor systemCombination of alcoholNicotine blocksComorbid alcoholSustained elevationAlcohol abstinenceNicotine dependenceRobust elevationReceptor availabilityNicotine consumptionSmokingReceptor systemFirst weekNonhuman primatesControl levelsWithdrawal
2012
Differential brain response to alcohol cue distractors across stages of alcohol dependence
Fryer SL, Jorgensen KW, Yetter EJ, Daurignac EC, Watson TD, Shanbhag H, Krystal JH, Mathalon DH. Differential brain response to alcohol cue distractors across stages of alcohol dependence. Biological Psychology 2012, 92: 282-291. PMID: 23131612, PMCID: PMC3947923, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.10.004.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnterior cingulate cortexAlcohol cuesBrain responsesLong-term abstainersAlcohol dependenceDorsal anterior cingulate cortexRecruitment of attentionVentral anterior cingulate cortexCognitive control regionsAlcohol-related cuesCue-reactivity studiesCue-related activationsNon-alcohol cuesAttention-demanding taskDifferential brain responsesTarget detection taskInferior parietal lobuleMedial prefrontal cortexAlcohol-dependent individualsCue exposureAltered attentionDistractor effectNeural responsesParietal lobulePrefrontal cortexA broken filter: Prefrontal functional connectivity abnormalities in schizophrenia during working memory interference
Anticevic A, Repovs G, Krystal JH, Barch DM. A broken filter: Prefrontal functional connectivity abnormalities in schizophrenia during working memory interference. Schizophrenia Research 2012, 141: 8-14. PMID: 22863548, PMCID: PMC3879404, DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2012.07.007.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnalysis of VarianceBrain MappingFemaleFunctional LateralityHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMemory DisordersMemory, Short-TermMiddle AgedNerve NetNeural PathwaysNeuropsychological TestsOxygenPrefrontal CortexSchizophreniaSchizophrenic PsychologyConceptsFunctional connectivity abnormalitiesConnectivity abnormalitiesMedio-dorsal thalamusTask-based functional connectivityFinal common pathwayMaintenance phasePrefrontal cortical regionsDorsolateral prefrontal cortex activationPrefrontal cortex activationFunctional deficitsHealthy controlsSub-cortical regionsExtended amygdalaPatientsCortex activationCognitive deficitsCortical regionsFunctional connectivityLife outcomesAbnormalitiesDLPFC networkCommon pathwaySchizophrenia researchSchizophreniaMemory abnormalities
2009
Efficacy of D-Cycloserine for Enhancing Response to Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Panic Disorder
Otto MW, Tolin DF, Simon NM, Pearlson GD, Basden S, Meunier SA, Hofmann SG, Eisenmenger K, Krystal JH, Pollack MH. Efficacy of D-Cycloserine for Enhancing Response to Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Panic Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 2009, 67: 365-370. PMID: 19811776, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2009.07.036.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCognitive behavior therapyExposure-based cognitive behavior therapyD-cycloserinePanic disorderTherapeutic learningPanic Disorder Severity ScaleInternal sensationsManualized cognitive behavior therapyPlacebo-controlled augmentation trialD-cycloserine augmentationLarge effect sizesExposure interventionDCS administrationPill placeboAnxiety disordersDSM-IV criteriaSession 3Global ImpressionEffect sizePrimary outcome measureClinician Global ImpressionDisordersParticipantsLearningSignificant adverse effects
2008
Modulation of the cortical processing of novel and target stimuli by drugs affecting glutamate and GABA neurotransmission
Watson TD, Petrakis IL, Edgecombe J, Perrino A, Krystal JH, Mathalon DH. Modulation of the cortical processing of novel and target stimuli by drugs affecting glutamate and GABA neurotransmission. The International Journal Of Neuropsychopharmacology 2008, 12: 357-370. PMID: 18771605, PMCID: PMC2900256, DOI: 10.1017/s1461145708009334.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnalysis of VarianceCerebral CortexDouble-Blind MethodElectroencephalographyEvoked PotentialsFemaleGABA ModulatorsHumansKetamineMalePain MeasurementPattern Recognition, VisualPhotic StimulationReaction TimeReceptors, GABA-BReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateStatistics as TopicThiopentalYoung AdultConceptsPlacebo-controlled studyNMDA receptor systemSubanaesthetic dosesGABA neurotransmissionChallenge sessionsDrug effectsNMDA antagonismHealthy adultsNovel stimuliCortical processingReceptor systemPlaceboDrugsCounterbalanced orderKetaminePotential correlatesNeural correlatesP3a amplitudeNovelty processingP300 componentStandard stimuliStimulus processingStimuliTarget stimuliN2 amplitudeβ 2 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor availability in post-traumatic stress disorder
Czermak C, Staley JK, Kasserman S, Bois F, Young T, Henry S, Tamagnan GD, Seibyl JP, Krystal JH, Neumeister A. β 2 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor availability in post-traumatic stress disorder. The International Journal Of Neuropsychopharmacology 2008, 11: 419-424. PMID: 18190729, DOI: 10.1017/s1461145707008152.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPost-traumatic stress disorderClinician-Administered PTSD ScaleMesiotemporal cortexPTSD patientsPathophysiology of PTSDStress disorderBeta2 nAChRsNicotinic acetylcholine receptor availabilityHistory of smokingHealthy control subjectsNicotinic acetylcholine receptorsIA bindingNovel molecular targetsSingle photon emissionSubgroup of participantsRe-experiencing symptom clusterIA-85380Symptomatic patientsControl subjectsHealthy controlsReceptor availabilityPTSD ScaleAcetylcholine receptorsSymptom clustersPrefrontal cortex
2007
New Insights into the Efficacy of Naltrexone Based on Trajectory-Based Reanalyses of Two Negative Clinical Trials
Gueorguieva R, Wu R, Pittman B, Cramer J, Rosenheck RA, O’Malley S, Krystal JH. New Insights into the Efficacy of Naltrexone Based on Trajectory-Based Reanalyses of Two Negative Clinical Trials. Biological Psychiatry 2007, 61: 1290-1295. PMID: 17224132, PMCID: PMC1952242, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.09.038.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2006
Decreased Cerebrospinal Fluid Allopregnanolone Levels in Women with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Rasmusson AM, Pinna G, Paliwal P, Weisman D, Gottschalk C, Charney D, Krystal J, Guidotti A. Decreased Cerebrospinal Fluid Allopregnanolone Levels in Women with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Biological Psychiatry 2006, 60: 704-713. PMID: 16934764, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.026.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderPremenopausal womenALLO levelsStress disorderCerebrospinal fluid levelsPTSD re-experiencing symptomsAllopregnanolone levelsOral contraceptivesGABAergic neurotransmissionDHEAS levelsPsychotropic medicationsFollicular phaseMenstrual cycleDHEA ratioExcitatory neurotransmissionNeurotransmitter systemsRe-experiencing symptomsDepressive symptomsPTSD subjectsFluid levelsGroup differencesIllicit drugsWomenNeurotransmissionProgesterone
2005
First in vivo evidence of an NMDA receptor deficit in medication-free schizophrenic patients
Pilowsky LS, Bressan RA, Stone JM, Erlandsson K, Mulligan RS, Krystal JH, Ell PJ. First in vivo evidence of an NMDA receptor deficit in medication-free schizophrenic patients. Molecular Psychiatry 2005, 11: 118-119. PMID: 16189506, DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001751.Peer-Reviewed Original Researchγ-Aminobutyric Acid–Serotonin Interactions in Healthy Men: Implications for Network Models of Psychosis and Dissociation
D’Souza D, Gil RB, Zuzarte E, MacDougall LM, Donahue L, Ebersole JS, Boutros NN, Cooper T, Seibyl J, Krystal JH. γ-Aminobutyric Acid–Serotonin Interactions in Healthy Men: Implications for Network Models of Psychosis and Dissociation. Biological Psychiatry 2005, 59: 128-137. PMID: 16140281, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.06.020.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnalysis of VarianceAnxietyCross-Over StudiesDissociative DisordersDouble-Blind MethodDrug SynergismFlumazenilGABA ModulatorsGamma-Aminobutyric AcidHumansMaleModels, NeurologicalPerceptual DisordersPiperazinesPsychoses, Substance-InducedReceptors, GABA-AReceptors, Serotonin, 5-HT2Reference ValuesSerotoninSerotonin Receptor Agonists
2004
Nicotine effects on brain function and functional connectivity in schizophrenia
Jacobsen LK, D'Souza DC, Mencl WE, Pugh KR, Skudlarski P, Krystal JH. Nicotine effects on brain function and functional connectivity in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 2004, 55: 850-858. PMID: 15050867, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.12.023.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnalysis of VarianceAttentionBrainBrain MappingBrief Psychiatric Rating ScaleCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMemory, Short-TermMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsNicotineNicotinic AgonistsReaction TimeRegression AnalysisSchizophreniaSmokeTask Performance and AnalysisVerbal LearningConceptsTask performanceFunctional connectivityFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanningBrain regionsN-back taskMultiple cognitive domainsNetwork of regionsDifficult task conditionsAnterior cingulate cortexAttention loadMemory loadSelective attentionCognitive domainsTask conditionsCognitive functionCingulate cortexThalamocortical functional connectivityNicotine effectsCognitive dysfunctionBrain functionSchizophrenia patientsControl subjectsSchizophrenic subjectsMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanningMental illnessMove Over ANOVA: Progress in Analyzing Repeated-Measures Data andIts Reflection in Papers Published in the Archives of General Psychiatry
Gueorguieva R, Krystal JH. Move Over ANOVA: Progress in Analyzing Repeated-Measures Data andIts Reflection in Papers Published in the Archives of General Psychiatry. JAMA Psychiatry 2004, 61: 310-317. PMID: 14993119, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.61.3.310.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnalysis of VarianceEndpoint DeterminationHumansModels, StatisticalPsychiatryResearch Design
2003
A placebo-controlled, cross-over trial of lamotrigine in depersonalization disorder
Sierra M, Phillips ML, Ivin G, Krystal J, David AS. A placebo-controlled, cross-over trial of lamotrigine in depersonalization disorder. Journal Of Psychopharmacology 2003, 17: 103-105. PMID: 12680746, DOI: 10.1177/0269881103017001712.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDepersonalization disorderEfficacy of lamotrigineWeeks of treatmentCross-over trialCross-over periodCross-over designDSM-IV depersonalization disorderSole medicationGlutamate releaseLamotriginePatientsCambridge Depersonalization ScaleDisordersTreatmentDepersonalization ScalePlaceboMedicationsHyperactivityRespondersTrialsWeeks
2002
The Effect of Tryptophan Depletion on Alcohol Self‐Administration in Non‐Treatment‐Seeking Alcoholic Individuals
Petrakis IL, Buonopane A, O'Malley S, Cermik O, Trevisan L, Boutros NN, Limoncelli D, Krystal JH. The Effect of Tryptophan Depletion on Alcohol Self‐Administration in Non‐Treatment‐Seeking Alcoholic Individuals. Alcohol Clinical And Experimental Research 2002, 26: 969-975. PMID: 12170105, DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2002.tb02629.x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTest sessionsActive tryptophan depletionSelf-reported cravingTryptophan depletionFavorite alcoholic beverageCue exposure sessionsAmount of alcoholAmino acid drinkSelf-administration paradigmAlcohol-dependent individualsAlcohol Self-AdministrationAlcohol use disorderDependence of alcoholNeurobiological mechanismsExposure sessionsSubjective intoxicationBlood alcohol levelsPriming drinkAlcohol useAcid drinkUse disordersAlcoholic individualsAlcohol dependenceCravingTest day
2001
Methadone patients exhibit increased startle and cortisol response after intravenous yohimbine
Stine S, Grillon C, Morgan III C, Kosten T, Charney D, Krystal J. Methadone patients exhibit increased startle and cortisol response after intravenous yohimbine. Psychopharmacology 2001, 154: 274-281. PMID: 11351934, DOI: 10.1007/s002130000644.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMethadone-maintained patientsAcoustic startle responseCortisol levelsMethadone patientsMHPG levelsAnalysis of covarianceLower baseline plasma levelsStartle responseBaseline plasma cortisol levelsOpioid agonist maintenanceBrain noradrenergic systemCortisol serum levelsDouble-blind fashionBaseline plasma levelsMethadone-maintained subjectsWithdrawal-like symptomsPlasma cortisol levelsPrevious reportsIntravenous yohimbineMethadone effectsOpioid withdrawalSerum levelsNoradrenergic mechanismsOpioid dependenceYohimbine effect
1999
Comparison of four components of sensory gating in schizophrenia and normal subjects: a preliminary report
Boutros N, Belger A, Campbell D, D’Souza C, Krystal J. Comparison of four components of sensory gating in schizophrenia and normal subjects: a preliminary report. Psychiatry Research 1999, 88: 119-130. PMID: 10622348, DOI: 10.1016/s0165-1781(99)00074-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNormal control subjectsSchizophrenia patientsSensory gatingControl subjectsNormal subjectsSex-matched normal control subjectsPathophysiology of schizophreniaStimulus repetitionStable schizophrenia patientsSchizophrenia subjectsSimilar abnormalitiesPatientsPreliminary reportDysfunctionDegree of attenuationSchizophreniaLate phaseSubjectsDeviant stimuliStimulus changeIrrelevant stimuliPathophysiologyStimuliPotential paradigmAbnormalitiesTryptophan-depletion challenge in depressed patients treated with desipramine or fluoxetine: implications for the role of serotonin in the mechanism of antidepressant action
Delgado P, Miller H, Salomon R, Licinio J, Krystal J, Moreno F, Heninger G, Charney D. Tryptophan-depletion challenge in depressed patients treated with desipramine or fluoxetine: implications for the role of serotonin in the mechanism of antidepressant action. Biological Psychiatry 1999, 46: 212-220. PMID: 10418696, DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(99)00014-1.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTRP depletionAntidepressant responseDepressed patientsSuccessful antidepressant treatmentBrain serotonin contentSignificant depressive symptomsAmino acid drinkRole of serotoninMonoamine oxidase inhibitorsRelationship of relapseAntidepressant actionAntidepressant treatmentReuptake inhibitorsPlasma tryptophanPlasma levelsAntidepressant typeTherapeutic responseDepressive relapseSerotonin contentTherapeutic effectTRP levelsDepressive symptomsTreatment phasePatientsAcid drink
1998
Measurement of dissociative states with the Clinician‐Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS)
Bremner J, Krystal J, Putnam F, Southwick S, Marmar C, Charney D, Mazure C. Measurement of dissociative states with the Clinician‐Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS). Journal Of Traumatic Stress 1998, 11: 125-136. PMID: 9479681, DOI: 10.1023/a:1024465317902.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
1995
Yohimbine facilitated acoustic startle in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder
Morgan CA, Grillon C, Southwick SM, Nagy LM, Davis M, Krystal JH, Charney DS. Yohimbine facilitated acoustic startle in combat veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychopharmacology 1995, 117: 466-471. PMID: 7604149, DOI: 10.1007/bf02246220.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAnalysis of VarianceCombat DisordersDouble-Blind MethodElectromyographyHumansReflex, StartleStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticVeteransYohimbineConceptsAcoustic startle reflexRandomized double-blind placebo-controlled designCombat controlsDouble-blind placebo-controlled designAlpha-2 receptor antagonistEffects of yohimbinePlacebo-controlled designHealthy human controlsCombat veteransPost-traumatic stress disorderSevere stress resultsHealthy combat controlsInstantaneous rise timeSaline placeboCardiovascular effectsExcitatory effectsNeuronal reactivityNoradrenergic functionReceptor antagonistClinical studiesAcoustic startleYohimbinePTSD patientsPTSD subjectsNeurochemical basis