1993
Psychobiologic Mechanisms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Charney DS, Deutch AY, Krystal JH, Southwick SM, Davis M. Psychobiologic Mechanisms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. JAMA Psychiatry 1993, 50: 294-305. PMID: 8466391, DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820160064008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderStress disorderPathophysiology of PTSDAvoidance of stimuliFailure of extinctionFear conditioningTraumatic memoriesMemory processesAutonomic hyperarousalTraumatic eventsEffects of stressCore symptomsPersistent reexperiencingPsychobiologic mechanismsAdaptive behavioralBrain structuresNeurochemical systemsNeurobiologic mechanismsReexperiencingParallel activationHyperarousalDisordersChronic courseTrauma resultsBehavioral sensitization
1989
Effects of alprazolam and clonidine on carbon dioxide-induced increases in anxiety ratings in healthy human subjects
Woods S, Krystal J, Heninger G, Charney D. Effects of alprazolam and clonidine on carbon dioxide-induced increases in anxiety ratings in healthy human subjects. Life Sciences 1989, 45: 233-242. PMID: 2503670, DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(89)90255-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealthy human subjectsClonidine 2 mcg/Pulse rateEffects of alprazolamAnxiety-like effectsHuman subjectsRatings of anxietyOral alprazolamHypotensive effectVentilatory responseMcg/Noradrenergic systemBenzodiazepine receptorsAnxiolytic propertiesNeurobiologic mechanismsClonidineNew drugsAlprazolamAnxiety ratingsSubjective anxietyDrugsAnxietyNormal functioningNeural systemsUseful model system