2019
Altered functional connectivity and low-frequency signal fluctuations in early psychosis and genetic high risk
Tang Y, Zhou Q, Chang M, Chekroud A, Gueorguieva R, Jiang X, Zhou Y, He G, Rowland M, Wang D, Fu S, Yin Z, Leng H, Wei S, Xu K, Wang F, Krystal JH, Driesen NR. Altered functional connectivity and low-frequency signal fluctuations in early psychosis and genetic high risk. Schizophrenia Research 2019, 210: 172-179. PMID: 30685394, DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.12.041.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsFunctional connectivityHigh-risk individualsAltered functional connectivityHealthy comparison subjectsGenetic high riskGenetic high-risk individualsLow-frequency signal fluctuationsFunctional magnetic resonanceALFF abnormalitiesALFF measuresFunctional connectivity measuresBasal gangliaFirst episodeHigh riskEarly psychosisComparison subjectsSchizophrenia diathesisSchizophrenia vulnerabilityFESzGenetic riskLow-frequency fluctuationsIllnessSchizophreniaVoxel connectivityGHR
2016
Schizophrenia is associated with a pattern of spatial working memory deficits consistent with cortical disinhibition
Starc M, Murray JD, Santamauro N, Savic A, Diehl C, Cho YT, Srihari V, Morgan PT, Krystal JH, Wang XJ, Repovs G, Anticevic A. Schizophrenia is associated with a pattern of spatial working memory deficits consistent with cortical disinhibition. Schizophrenia Research 2016, 181: 107-116. PMID: 27745755, PMCID: PMC5901719, DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.10.011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealthy comparison subjectsSpatial WM taskSchizophrenia patientsSevere cognitive deficitsSpecific spatial locationsComputational modelContinuous response measuresWM precisionWM representationsSpatial WMWM taskDistractor distanceWM impairmentWM tracesNeural mechanismsCognitive deficitsMemory deficitsBehavioral consequencesDelay periodDelay durationCortical disinhibitionSpatial locationComparison subjectsMicrocircuit modelDistractibilityAltered Global Signal Topography in Schizophrenia
Yang GJ, Murray JD, Glasser M, Pearlson GD, Krystal JH, Schleifer C, Repovs G, Anticevic A. Altered Global Signal Topography in Schizophrenia. Cerebral Cortex 2016, 27: 5156-5169. PMID: 27702810, PMCID: PMC6075538, DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw297.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSCZ patientsGS topographyHealthy subjectsResting-state functional magnetic resonance imagingBlood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signalDevelopment of pharmacotherapiesGlobal signal topographyHealthy comparison subjectsFunctional magnetic resonance imagingLevel-dependent signalMagnetic resonance imagingAnti-correlated relationshipExtensive abnormalitiesComparison subjectsAssociation cortexNeural information flowResonance imagingNeuropsychiatric diseasesSensory areasPatientsSchizophreniaSensory regionsProfound alterationsSignal topographyAlterationsAmygdala volume is reduced in early course schizophrenia
Rich AM, Cho YT, Tang Y, Savic A, Krystal JH, Wang F, Xu K, Anticevic A. Amygdala volume is reduced in early course schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging 2016, 250: 50-60. PMID: 27035063, PMCID: PMC4904038, DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.02.006.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMagnetic resonance imagingAmygdala volumeSchizophrenia patientsSubcortical structuresEarly course schizophrenia patientsEarly illness courseChronic schizophrenia patientsNeuropathology of schizophreniaMajor subcortical structuresSmaller amygdala volumesEarly course schizophreniaHealthy comparison subjectsBonferroni correctionGray matter volumeAcute stress responseMedication useIllness coursePathophysiologic changesGlobus pallidusIllness phaseNucleus accumbensHigh riskComparison subjectsMatter volumeHR subjects
2014
Ventral Anterior Cingulate Connectivity Distinguished Nonpsychotic Bipolar Illness From Psychotic Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia
Anticevic A, Savic A, Repovs G, Yang G, McKay DR, Sprooten E, Knowles EE, Krystal JH, Pearlson GD, Glahn DC. Ventral Anterior Cingulate Connectivity Distinguished Nonpsychotic Bipolar Illness From Psychotic Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2014, 41: 133-143. PMID: 24782562, PMCID: PMC4266289, DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbu051.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVentral anterior cingulate cortexBipolar illnessPsychosis historyWhole-brain connectivityBipolar patientsConnectivity alterationsBrain connectivityCo-occurring psychosisChronic schizophrenia patientsHealthy comparison subjectsBipolar disorder patientsPsychotic bipolar disorder patientsBipolar disorder groupAnterior cingulate cortexFunctional connectivity studiesPsychotic bipolar disorderLifetime psychosisChronic schizophreniaPsychotic symptomsDisorder patientsPatientsComparison subjectsSchizophrenia patientsBipolar disorderCingulate cortex
2013
Amygdala Connectivity Differs Among Chronic, Early Course, and Individuals at Risk for Developing Schizophrenia
Anticevic A, Tang Y, Cho YT, Repovs G, Cole MW, Savic A, Wang F, Krystal JH, Xu K. Amygdala Connectivity Differs Among Chronic, Early Course, and Individuals at Risk for Developing Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2013, 40: 1105-1116. PMID: 24366718, PMCID: PMC4133672, DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbt165.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealthy comparison subjectsAmygdala connectivityHigh riskSymptom severityOrbitofrontal cortexWhole-brain functional connectivityHR individualsResting-state connectivitySchizophrenia symptom severityFunctional magnetic resonanceAmygdala seedArousal nucleiInitial episodeSchizophrenia neuropathologyChronic schizophreniaBrainstem regionsIllness phasePsychosis onsetElevated riskAmygdala circuitsEarly courseComparison subjectsFunctional alterationsClinical groupsFunctional connectivity
2006
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor–5-HTTLPR Gene Interactions and Environmental Modifiers of Depression in Children
Kaufman J, Yang BZ, Douglas-Palumberi H, Grasso D, Lipschitz D, Houshyar S, Krystal JH, Gelernter J. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor–5-HTTLPR Gene Interactions and Environmental Modifiers of Depression in Children. Biological Psychiatry 2006, 59: 673-680. PMID: 16458264, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.10.026.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorCase-Control StudiesChildChild AbuseChild, PreschoolChi-Square DistributionDepressionDNA Mutational AnalysisEnvironmentFemaleGene FrequencyGenetic VariationGenotypeHumansMaleMethioninePredictive Value of TestsPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesRisk FactorsSerotonin Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsSeverity of Illness IndexSocial SupportSurveys and QuestionnairesValineConceptsBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genotypeNeurotrophic factor genotypeSocial supportHigher depression scoresBDNF genotypeProportion scoreBDNF geneProtective effectDepression scoresComparison subjectsPsychiatric symptomatologyModerate riskEnvironmental modifiersDepressionFactor genotypeChildrenDNA specimensStandard research instrumentsShort alleleRiskMaltreatment historyCurrent dataScoresAncestry informative markersChild abuseAge, Rapid-Cycling, and Pharmacotherapy Effects on Ventral Prefrontal Cortex in Bipolar Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study
Blumberg HP, Krystal JH, Bansal R, Martin A, Dziura J, Durkin K, Martin L, Gerard E, Charney DS, Peterson BS. Age, Rapid-Cycling, and Pharmacotherapy Effects on Ventral Prefrontal Cortex in Bipolar Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study. Biological Psychiatry 2006, 59: 611-618. PMID: 16414030, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.08.031.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealthy comparison subjectsWhite matter volumeMagnetic resonance imagingMatter volumeBD patientsHigh-resolution structural magnetic resonance imagingYoung adulthoodStructural magnetic resonance imagingTotal brain volumeCross-sectional studyGray matter volumeAge group interactionVentral prefrontal cortexPharmacotherapy effectsPrefrontal cortex functionIllness featuresBD IProtective effectVolume abnormalitiesHC subjectsComparison subjectsBrain volumeVolume deficitsBipolar disorderRapid initial decline
2003
Frontostriatal Abnormalities in Adolescents With Bipolar Disorder: Preliminary Observations From Functional MRI
Blumberg HP, Martin A, Kaufman J, Leung HC, Skudlarski P, Lacadie C, Fulbright RK, Gore JC, Charney DS, Krystal JH, Peterson BS. Frontostriatal Abnormalities in Adolescents With Bipolar Disorder: Preliminary Observations From Functional MRI. American Journal Of Psychiatry 2003, 160: 1345-1347. PMID: 12832254, DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.160.7.1345.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsBipolar disorder groupBipolar disorderHealthy groupComparison subjectsDisorder groupNormal comparison subjectsAdult bipolar disorderHealthy comparison subjectsPresence of dysfunctionFunctional magnetic resonance imagingMagnetic resonance imagingBipolar disorder subjectsAge-related increaseEvent-related functional magnetic resonance imagingFrontostriatal abnormalitiesLeft putamenFunctional abnormalitiesPrefrontal abnormalitiesDepressive symptomsResonance imagingVentral striatumFrontostriatal circuitsDisorder subjectsFunctional MRIDevelopmental disturbancesAltered NMDA Glutamate Receptor Antagonist Response in Recovering Ethanol-Dependent Patients
Krystal JH, Petrakis IL, Limoncelli D, Webb E, Gueorgueva R, D'Souza DC, Boutros NN, Trevisan L, Charney DS. Altered NMDA Glutamate Receptor Antagonist Response in Recovering Ethanol-Dependent Patients. Neuropsychopharmacology 2003, 28: 2020-2028. PMID: 12888778, DOI: 10.1038/sj.npp.1300252.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEthanol-dependent patientsNMDA receptor antagonistReceptor antagonistEthanol dependenceN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptorsDouble-blind studySelective NMDA receptor antagonistNMDA receptor functionAlcohol-dependent patientsHealthy comparison subjectsTreatment of alcoholismHealthy comparison groupExecutive cognitive functionKetamine infusionKetamine 0.5NMDA receptorsGlutamate receptorsComparison subjectsPatientsAmnestic effectsRandomized orderReceptor functionCognitive functionAntagonist responseAntagonist
2000
Impairment of GABAergic Transmission in Depression: New Insights from Neuroimaging Studies
Sanacora G, Mason G, Krystal J. Impairment of GABAergic Transmission in Depression: New Insights from Neuroimaging Studies. Critical Reviews In Neurobiology 2000, 14: 23. PMID: 11253954, DOI: 10.1615/critrevneurobiol.v14.i1.20.Peer-Reviewed Reviews, Practice Guidelines, Standards, and Consensus StatementsConceptsNeurobiology of depressionGABAergic functionTechnique of PETCSF GABA concentrationsGABA-mimetic agentsNovel neuroimaging techniquesNondepressed comparison subjectsMood stabilizingChronic administrationGABAergic transmissionGABAergic neurotransmissionAntidepressant propertiesGABAergic abnormalitiesDepressed patientsAntidepressant drugsDisorder pathophysiologyLower plasmaComparison subjectsAnimal studiesGABAergic contributionGABA concentrationNovel imaging techniqueNeuroimaging studiesNeuroimaging techniquesDepression
1998
Alterations of Benzodiazepine Receptors in Type II Alcoholic Subjects Measured With SPECT and 123IIomazenil
Abi-Dargham A, Krystal JH, Anjilvel S, Scanley BE, Zoghbi S, Baldwin RM, Rajeevan N, Ellis S, Petrakis IL, Seibyl JP, Charney DS, Laruelle M, Innis RB. Alterations of Benzodiazepine Receptors in Type II Alcoholic Subjects Measured With SPECT and 123IIomazenil. American Journal Of Psychiatry 1998, 155: 1550-1555. PMID: 9812116, DOI: 10.1176/ajp.155.11.1550.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealthy comparison subjectsBenzodiazepine receptorsComparison subjectsAlcoholic subjectsDistribution volumeAlcoholic patientsAnterior cingulateBenzodiazepine receptor densityRight middle frontal gyrusLeft occipital cortexType II alcoholismSingle photon emissionMiddle frontal gyrusStatistical parametric mappingContinuous infusionReceptor radiotracerReceptor densityOccipital cortexCerebellar cortexCortical regionsPatientsFrontal gyrusInterest analysisVivo studiesParametric mapping
1997
Elevated CSF corticotropin-releasing factor concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder
Bremner JD, Licinio J, Darnell A, Krystal JH, Owens MJ, Southwick SM, Nemeroff CB, Charney DS. Elevated CSF corticotropin-releasing factor concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal Of Psychiatry 1997, 154: 624-629. PMID: 9137116, PMCID: PMC3233756, DOI: 10.1176/ajp.154.5.624.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCorticotropin-releasing factorPost-traumatic stress disorderCSF CRF concentrationsCSF concentrationsComparison subjectsCRF concentrationsPTSD patientsCorticotropin-releasing factor concentrationsStress disorderCSF somatostatin concentrationsChronic combat-related post-traumatic stress disorderCollection of CSFCombat-related post-traumatic stress disorderPosttraumatic stress disorderLumbar punctureSomatostatin concentrationsNeurotransmitter systemsPatientsVietnam combat veteransChronic stressFactor concentrationsLevel of significanceGroup differencesCombat veteransSomatostatin
1996
Serotonergic and noradrenergic dysregulation in alcoholism: m- chlorophenylpiperazine and yohimbine effects in recently detoxified alcoholics and healthy comparison subjects
Krystal JH, Webb E, Cooney NL, Kranzler HR, Southwick SW, Heninger GR, Charney DS. Serotonergic and noradrenergic dysregulation in alcoholism: m- chlorophenylpiperazine and yohimbine effects in recently detoxified alcoholics and healthy comparison subjects. American Journal Of Psychiatry 1996, 153: 83-92. PMID: 8540598, DOI: 10.1176/ajp.153.1.83.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHealthy comparison subjectsAlcoholic patientsComparison subjectsCortisol responseYohimbine infusionPostsynaptic noradrenergic receptorsBlood pressure responseDouble-blind conditionsNoradrenergic reactivitySaline placeboNoradrenergic receptorsMHPG levelsIntravenous infusionYohimbine effectMHPG responsePlasma levelsNoradrenergic systemPersistent alterationsNoradrenergic dysregulationMale inpatientsDrug effectsNeuroendocrine responsivityPatientsPhysiologic responsesPlasma cortisol