2016
Randomized, Controlled Trial of Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infections
Williams KA, Swedo SE, Farmer CA, Grantz H, Grant PJ, D’Souza P, Hommer R, Katsovich L, King RA, Leckman JF. Randomized, Controlled Trial of Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infections. Journal Of The American Academy Of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 2016, 55: 860-867.e2. PMID: 27663941, DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.06.017.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disordersIntravenous immunoglobulinAutoimmune neuropsychiatric disordersYale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive ScaleChildren's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive ScaleStreptococcal infectionIVIG groupPlacebo groupObsessive-compulsive disorderClinical Global Impression improvement ratingNeuropsychiatric disordersDouble-blind infusionDouble-blind phaseSustained symptom improvementDouble-blind comparisonOpen-label treatmentPrimary outcome measureSevere obsessive-compulsive disorderCY-BOCS total scoreCross-reactive antibodiesIdentification of biomarkersCY-BOCS scoresObsessive Compulsive ScaleImmunomodulatory therapyControlled Trials
2014
Disordered Eating and Food Restrictions in Children with PANDAS/PANS
Toufexis MD, Hommer R, Gerardi DM, Grant P, Rothschild L, D'Souza P, Williams K, Leckman J, Swedo SE, Murphy TK. Disordered Eating and Food Restrictions in Children with PANDAS/PANS. Journal Of Child And Adolescent Psychopharmacology 2014, 25: 48-56. PMID: 25329522, PMCID: PMC4340640, DOI: 10.1089/cap.2014.0063.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndromeClinical presentationRestrictive food intake disorderFood intake disorderFear of chokingSymptom onsetMale predominanceNeuropsychiatric symptomsNeuropsychiatric syndromeSudden onsetFood intakeFood refusalDiagnostic criteriaFood restrictionMental disordersYounger ageBody image distortionStreptococcal bacteriaStatistical ManualSymptomsTreatment implicationsDisordersPresentationSensory issuesChildren
2012
Behavioral, Pharmacological, and Immunological Abnormalities after Streptococcal Exposure: A Novel Rat Model of Sydenham Chorea and Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Brimberg L, Benhar I, Mascaro-Blanco A, Alvarez K, Lotan D, Winter C, Klein J, Moses AE, Somnier FE, Leckman JF, Swedo SE, Cunningham MW, Joel D. Behavioral, Pharmacological, and Immunological Abnormalities after Streptococcal Exposure: A Novel Rat Model of Sydenham Chorea and Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2012, 37: 2076-2087. PMID: 22534626, PMCID: PMC3398718, DOI: 10.1038/npp.2012.56.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSydenham's choreaNeuropsychiatric disordersStreptococcal exposureImmunological abnormalitiesMotor symptomsRat modelAnimal modelsSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetineGroup A streptococcal infectionsSerotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetineSK-N-SH neuronal cellsMale Lewis ratsNovel rat modelNew animal modelCalcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIRelated neuropsychiatric disordersStreptococcal infectionLewis ratsAntibody depositionBasal gangliaCalmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIDopamine D1GAS antigensGlutamate levelsD2 receptors
2010
Streptococcal Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Exacerbations of Tic and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms: A Prospective Longitudinal Study
Leckman JF, King RA, Gilbert DL, Coffey BJ, Singer HS, Dure LS, Grantz H, Katsovich L, Lin H, Lombroso PJ, Kawikova I, Johnson DR, Kurlan RM, Kaplan EL. Streptococcal Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Exacerbations of Tic and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms: A Prospective Longitudinal Study. Journal Of The American Academy Of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 2010, 50: 108-118.e3. PMID: 21241948, PMCID: PMC3024577, DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2010.10.011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsExacerbation of ticsGABHS infectionStreptococcal infectionSymptom exacerbationStreptococcal upper respiratory tract infectionPediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disordersUpper respiratory tract infectionObsessive-compulsive symptomsAutoimmune neuropsychiatric disordersHemolytic streptococcal infectionRespiratory tract infectionsThroat swab cultureLongitudinal studyProspective longitudinal studyPANDAS subjectsClinical exacerbationStreptococcal antibodiesTract infectionsClinical symptomsGABHS infectionsGroup of childrenLaboratory valuesSwab culturesClinical conditionsClinical evaluatorsThe Human Immune Response to Streptococcal Extracellular Antigens: Clinical, Diagnostic, and Potential Pathogenetic Implications
Johnson DR, Kurlan R, Leckman J, Kaplan EL. The Human Immune Response to Streptococcal Extracellular Antigens: Clinical, Diagnostic, and Potential Pathogenetic Implications. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2010, 50: 481-490. PMID: 20067422, DOI: 10.1086/650167.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAntibody titersImmune responseSingle antibody titerStreptococcal extracellular antigensB antibody titersHuman antibody responseHuman immune responsePaediatric study participantsSymptoms of infectionPotential pathogenetic implicationsThroat culturesGAS infectionAntibody responseSubsequent sequelaePathogenetic mechanismsImmunologic confirmationBlood samplesEpidemiological studiesPathogenetic implicationsStreptococcus antigensCulture resultsStudy participantsImportant human pathogenInfectionExtracellular antigens
2004
Prospective Longitudinal Study of Children With Tic Disorders and/or Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Relationship of Symptom Exacerbations to Newly Acquired Streptococcal Infections
Luo F, Leckman JF, Katsovich L, Findley D, Grantz H, Tucker DM, Lombroso PJ, King RA, Bessen DE. Prospective Longitudinal Study of Children With Tic Disorders and/or Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Relationship of Symptom Exacerbations to Newly Acquired Streptococcal Infections. Pediatrics 2004, 113: e578-e585. PMID: 15173540, DOI: 10.1542/peds.113.6.e578.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGABHS infectionSymptom exacerbationObsessive-compulsive disorderControl subjectsTourette syndromeAcute exacerbationTime pointsHealthy control subjectsBeta-hemolytic streptococciAcute inflammatory responseAcute symptom exacerbationsProspective longitudinal studyAutoimmune mechanismsPediatric patientsStreptococcal infectionNeuropsychiatric symptomsGABHS infectionsNonspecific markerInflammatory responseTic disordersUnselected groupObsessive-compulsive symptom severityExacerbationPatientsObsessive-compulsive symptoms
2002
Obsessive-compulsive disorders in children. Subtypes of OCD and their relation to infection with group A streptococci.
Thomsen PH, Leckman J. Obsessive-compulsive disorders in children. Subtypes of OCD and their relation to infection with group A streptococci. Ugeskrift For Laeger 2002, 164: 3763-7. PMID: 12362609.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObsessive-compulsive disorderSubtype of OCDBeta-haemolytic streptococciBody dysmorphic disorderAdult onsetSudden onsetNeurological abnormalitiesClinical consequencesPenicillin treatmentTourette syndromeSpecific subtypesObsessive-compulsive symptomsSuch disordersSubtypesDysmorphic disorderDisordersSyndromeInfectionDevelopmental disordersMore boysPresent reviewOnsetStreptococciRemissionRelapse