2023
Firearm Ownership Among a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Veterans
Fischer I, Aunon F, Nichter B, Hill M, Panza K, Kline A, Na P, Tsai J, Harpaz-Rotem I, Pietrzak R. Firearm Ownership Among a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Veterans. American Journal Of Preventive Medicine 2023, 65: 1129-1133. PMID: 37354925, DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.06.013.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsU.S. veteransMultivariable logistic regression analysisLogistic regression analysisAlcohol use disorderSuicide prevention effortsU.S. military veteransNationally Representative SampleMale sexTrauma burdenNational HealthRepresentative sampleFirearm ownershipChi-square analysisUse disordersFirearm safetyIndependent sample t-testLifetime historyVeterans StudyPrevention effortsPsychiatric variablesMilitary veteransVeteransRegression analysisT-testSignificant main effectUnderstanding veteran barriers to specialty outpatient PTSD clinical care
Rozek D, Steigerwald V, Baker S, Gross G, Maieritsch K, Hoff R, Harpaz-Rotem I, Smith N. Understanding veteran barriers to specialty outpatient PTSD clinical care. Journal Of Anxiety Disorders 2023, 95: 102675. PMID: 36854224, DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102675.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSpecialty outpatient clinicsPosttraumatic stress disorderOutpatient clinicPTSD specialty clinicClinical characteristicsMale sexPTSD symptom severitySpecialty clinicWhite raceClinical careClinical concernTreatment engagementSymptom severityStress disorderClinicGreater likelihoodVeteransSignificant minorityTreatmentImpact of demographicsMulti-faceted barriersCareFiscal year 2019DemographicsNational sample
2022
Comparative effectiveness of group v. individual trauma-focused treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder in veterans
Spiller TR, Duek O, Buta E, Gross G, Smith NB, Harpaz-Rotem I. Comparative effectiveness of group v. individual trauma-focused treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder in veterans. Psychological Medicine 2022, 53: 4561-4568. PMID: 35959560, PMCID: PMC10388318, DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722001441.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGroup cognitive processing therapyCognitive processing therapyPosttraumatic stress disorderIndividual cognitive processing therapyPTSD symptom severitySymptom severityStress disorderReal-world effectivenessComparative effectiveness studiesResidential treatmentEffective treatmentComparative effectivenessVeterans AffairsEffectiveness studiesPTSD ChecklistPTSD severityGroup therapySeverityVeteransTreatmentDSM-5Group V.TherapyDisordersSmall reductionA comparison of methods to harmonize cortical thickness measurements across scanners and sites
Sun D, Rakesh G, Haswell CC, Logue M, Baird CL, O'Leary EN, Cotton AS, Xie H, Tamburrino M, Chen T, Dennis EL, Jahanshad N, Salminen LE, Thomopoulos SI, Rashid F, Ching CRK, Koch SBJ, Frijling JL, Nawijn L, van Zuiden M, Zhu X, Suarez-Jimenez B, Sierk A, Walter H, Manthey A, Stevens JS, Fani N, van Rooij SJH, Stein M, Bomyea J, Koerte IK, Choi K, van der Werff SJA, Vermeiren RRJM, Herzog J, Lebois LAM, Baker JT, Olson EA, Straube T, Korgaonkar MS, Andrew E, Zhu Y, Li G, Ipser J, Hudson AR, Peverill M, Sambrook K, Gordon E, Baugh L, Forster G, Simons RM, Simons JS, Magnotta V, Maron-Katz A, du Plessis S, Disner SG, Davenport N, Grupe DW, Nitschke JB, deRoon-Cassini TA, Fitzgerald JM, Krystal JH, Levy I, Olff M, Veltman DJ, Wang L, Neria Y, De Bellis MD, Jovanovic T, Daniels JK, Shenton M, van de Wee NJA, Schmahl C, Kaufman ML, Rosso IM, Sponheim SR, Hofmann DB, Bryant RA, Fercho KA, Stein DJ, Mueller SC, Hosseini B, Phan KL, McLaughlin KA, Davidson RJ, Larson CL, May G, Nelson SM, Abdallah CG, Gomaa H, Etkin A, Seedat S, Harpaz-Rotem I, Liberzon I, van Erp TGM, Quidé Y, Wang X, Thompson PM, Morey RA. A comparison of methods to harmonize cortical thickness measurements across scanners and sites. NeuroImage 2022, 261: 119509. PMID: 35917919, PMCID: PMC9648725, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119509.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRemodeling of the Cortical Structural Connectome in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Results From the ENIGMA-PGC Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Consortium
Sun D, Rakesh G, Clarke-Rubright EK, Haswell CC, Logue MW, O'Leary EN, Cotton AS, Xie H, Dennis EL, Jahanshad N, Salminen LE, Thomopoulos SI, Rashid FM, Ching CRK, Koch SBJ, Frijling JL, Nawijn L, van Zuiden M, Zhu X, Suarez-Jimenez B, Sierk A, Walter H, Manthey A, Stevens JS, Fani N, van Rooij SJH, Stein MB, Bomyea J, Koerte I, Choi K, van der Werff SJA, Vermeiren RRJM, Herzog JI, Lebois LAM, Baker JT, Ressler KJ, Olson EA, Straube T, Korgaonkar MS, Andrew E, Zhu Y, Li G, Ipser J, Hudson AR, Peverill M, Sambrook K, Gordon E, Baugh LA, Forster G, Simons RM, Simons JS, Magnotta VA, Maron-Katz A, du Plessis S, Disner SG, Davenport ND, Grupe D, Nitschke JB, deRoon-Cassini TA, Fitzgerald J, Krystal JH, Levy I, Olff M, Veltman DJ, Wang L, Neria Y, De Bellis MD, Jovanovic T, Daniels JK, Shenton ME, van de Wee NJA, Schmahl C, Kaufman ML, Rosso IM, Sponheim SR, Hofmann DB, Bryant RA, Fercho KA, Stein DJ, Mueller SC, Phan KL, McLaughlin KA, Davidson RJ, Larson C, May G, Nelson SM, Abdallah CG, Gomaa H, Etkin A, Seedat S, Harpaz-Rotem I, Liberzon I, Wang X, Thompson PM, Morey RA. Remodeling of the Cortical Structural Connectome in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Results From the ENIGMA-PGC Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Consortium. Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience And Neuroimaging 2022, 7: 935-948. PMID: 35307575, PMCID: PMC9835553, DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.02.008.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderCortical thicknessStructural covarianceComorbid depressionControl subjectsLarge effect sizesStress disorderEffect sizeTrauma-exposed control subjectsCase-control differencesCortical surface areaInflammatory processClinical dataResting-state functional connectivity networksPositive pairwise correlationsCortical differencesCortical regionsCortical neuroanatomyStress hormonesFunctional connectivity networksPTSD casesSmall effect sizesGroup differencesStructural networkStructural connectome
2021
Mindfulness as a Mediator Between Trauma Exposure and Mental Health Outcomes: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study
Kachadourian LK, Harpaz-Rotem I, Tsai J, Southwick S, Pietrzak RH. Mindfulness as a Mediator Between Trauma Exposure and Mental Health Outcomes: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice And Policy 2021, 13: 223-230. PMID: 33475404, PMCID: PMC8500672, DOI: 10.1037/tra0000995.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderAlcohol use disorderLifetime traumaTrauma-related negative affectPresent momentVeterans StudyU.S. veteransTrauma-related experiencesSuicidal ideationTraumatic life eventsLifetime trauma burdenMental health outcomesQuality of lifeMental health problemsTrauma remindersNegative affectMindful attentionTrauma exposurePTSD symptomsMental health issuesTraumatic eventsCumulative traumaStress disorderNoncombat veteransLife events
2020
Sex Differences in Associations Between Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Tobacco Use Among Veterans of Recent Conflicts
Gross GM, Bastian LA, Smith NB, Harpaz-Rotem I, Hoff R. Sex Differences in Associations Between Depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Tobacco Use Among Veterans of Recent Conflicts. Journal Of Women's Health 2020, 29: 677-685. PMID: 31934813, DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2019.8082.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderTobacco usePTSD symptomsFemale veteransSex differencesAssociation of depressionTobacco use cessationBaseline interview dataCross-sectional associationsMental health conditionsLogistic regression modelsPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomsBinary logistic regression modelSex-specific barriersTobacco usersSymptomsStress disorderAlcohol useHealth conditionsDepressionDisorder symptomsVeteran sampleMH conditionsIntervention strategiesEffects of demographics
2019
Posttraumatic stress symptom courses in U.S. military veterans: A seven-year, nationally representative, prospective cohort study
Mota NP, Cook JM, Smith NB, Tsai J, Harpaz-Rotem I, Krystal JH, Southwick SM, Pietrzak RH. Posttraumatic stress symptom courses in U.S. military veterans: A seven-year, nationally representative, prospective cohort study. Journal Of Psychiatric Research 2019, 119: 23-31. PMID: 31546045, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.09.005.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPTSD symptom courseSymptom courseU.S. military veteransLatent growth mixture modelingProspective cohort studyMilitary veteransLifetime psychiatric historyMental health treatmentPhysical health difficultiesLifetime traumatic eventsTrauma-exposed veteransProtective psychosocial characteristicsCohort studyProspective cohortModerate symptomsModifiable correlatesNational HealthSymptomatic coursePsychiatric historyHealth treatmentU.S. veteransVeterans StudyPsychosocial characteristicsHigher symptomsHealth difficultiesApolipoprotein E gene polymorphism, posttraumatic stress disorder, and cognitive function in older U.S. veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study
Averill LA, Abdallah CG, Levey DF, Han S, Harpaz‐Rotem I, Kranzler HR, Southwick SM, Krystal JH, Gelernter J, Pietrzak RH. Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism, posttraumatic stress disorder, and cognitive function in older U.S. veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Depression And Anxiety 2019, 36: 834-845. PMID: 31385647, DOI: 10.1002/da.22912.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderExecutive functionCognitive functioningStress disorderΕ4 carrier statusΕ4 carriersVeterans StudyCognitive dysfunctionAttention/concentrationGreater cognitive difficultiesLower cognitive functioningOlder U.S. veteransΕ4 allele carrier statusPerseverative errorsCognitive difficultiesReplication sampleCarrier statusCognitive functionImportance of assessingNational HealthCognitive declinePredictive effectApolipoprotein E gene polymorphismE gene polymorphismΕ4 allele carriersAdoption by VA Residential Programs of Two Evidence-Based Psychotherapies for PTSD: Effect on Patient Outcomes
Cook JM, Schnurr PP, Simiola V, Thompson R, Hoff R, Harpaz-Rotem I. Adoption by VA Residential Programs of Two Evidence-Based Psychotherapies for PTSD: Effect on Patient Outcomes. Psychiatric Services 2019, 70: 553-560. PMID: 30966944, PMCID: PMC6690369, DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201800338.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultCognitive Behavioral TherapyComorbidityDepressionFemaleHumansImplosive TherapyMaleMiddle AgedOutcome and Process Assessment, Health CarePsychological DistressResidential TreatmentStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticSubstance-Related DisordersUnited StatesUnited States Department of Veterans AffairsVeteransConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderCognitive processing therapyEvidence-based psychotherapiesVeterans Affairs residential treatment programsAdoption groupsAlcohol useResidential treatment programSample of veteransGroup × time interactionPTSD symptomsStress disorderGroup formatProgram intakeResidential programs× time interactionDepression symptomsTreatment programPsychotherapyBasis of responsesPatient outcomesTime interactionProgram dischargeQualitative interviewsMonths postdischargeVeteransExamining the nonresponse phenomenon: Factors associated with treatment response in a national sample of veterans undergoing residential PTSD treatment
Sripada RK, Blow FC, Rauch SAM, Ganoczy D, Hoff R, Harpaz-Rotem I, Bohnert KM. Examining the nonresponse phenomenon: Factors associated with treatment response in a national sample of veterans undergoing residential PTSD treatment. Journal Of Anxiety Disorders 2019, 63: 18-25. PMID: 30785007, DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2019.02.001.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsResidential PTSD treatmentPTSD treatmentPTSD symptom changeTreatment-seeking veteransContextual protective factorsPhysical health resourcesNational sampleLarge national samplePsychological stateIndividual-level factorsLife eventsMultilevel modelingSymptom changeTreatment entryPoor treatment responseProtective factorsWorse treatment responsePersonality disorderPTSDBetter treatment responseTreatment responseCurrent studyGreater pain severityVeteransTheory of resources
2018
Protective correlates of suicidality among veterans with histories of posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study
Kachadourian LK, Tsai J, Harpaz-Rotem I, Southwick SM, Pietrzak RH. Protective correlates of suicidality among veterans with histories of posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Journal Of Affective Disorders 2018, 246: 731-737. PMID: 30616162, DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.058.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultCross-Sectional StudiesDepressive Disorder, MajorFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisOptimismPrevalenceProtective FactorsResilience, PsychologicalRisk FactorsStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticSuicidal IdeationSuicideSuicide, AttemptedSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesVeteransYoung AdultConceptsMajor depressive disorderPosttraumatic stress disorderProtective correlatesSuicidal ideationSuicide attemptsProtective factorsDepressive disorderNational HealthVeterans StudyMultivariable logistic regression analysisSuicidal behaviorStress disorderHistory of PTSDLogistic regression analysisSample of veteransAssessment of suicidalityLifetime suicide attemptsRisk factorsHigh-risk sampleTreatment approachesU.S. veteransWeb-based surveyCross-sectional natureSuicide riskSelf-report itemsLatent typologies of DSM-5 PTSD symptoms in U.S. military veterans
Byrne SP, Harpaz-Rotem I, Tsai J, Southwick SM, Pietrzak RH. Latent typologies of DSM-5 PTSD symptoms in U.S. military veterans. Psychiatry Research 2018, 273: 266-273. PMID: 30658212, DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.094.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsHigh symptom classPosttraumatic stress disorderSymptom classUse disordersLifetime historyDSM-5 PTSD symptomsPTSD symptomsLatent class analysisDrug use disordersNicotine use disorderDSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorderDSM-5 criteriaU.S. military veteransMajor depressiveCognitive impairmentU.S. veteransSymptomsPersonalized approachHigher symptomsStress disorderGeneralized anxietyMilitary veteransThree-class solutionDisordersVeteransBDNF Val66Met polymorphism and posttraumatic stress symptoms in U.S. military veterans: Protective effect of physical exercise
Pitts BL, Whealin JM, Harpaz-Rotem I, Duman RS, Krystal JH, Southwick SM, Pietrzak RH. BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and posttraumatic stress symptoms in U.S. military veterans: Protective effect of physical exercise. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018, 100: 198-202. PMID: 30388593, DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.10.011.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAmino Acid SubstitutionBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorCase-Control StudiesExerciseFemaleHumansMaleMethionineMiddle AgedMilitary PersonnelPolymorphism, Single NucleotideProtective FactorsResilience, PsychologicalSeverity of Illness IndexStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticUnited StatesValineVeteransConceptsMet allele carriersBDNF Val66Met polymorphismAllele carriersVal66Met polymorphismPhysical exerciseGreater severityPTSD symptomsU.S. military veteransTrauma burdenBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphismPast-month PTSD symptomsNeurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphismMilitary veteransLifetime trauma burdenHigh trauma burdenVal/ValAdrenal (HPA) axis reactivityPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomsBDNF releaseCurrent PTSD symptomsProtective effectRe-experiencing symptomsAxis reactivityPosttraumatic stress symptomsSymptomsIn Their Own Words: Clinician Experiences and Challenges in Administering Evidence-Based Treatments for PTSD in the Veterans Health Administration
Doran JM, O’Shea M, Harpaz-Rotem I. In Their Own Words: Clinician Experiences and Challenges in Administering Evidence-Based Treatments for PTSD in the Veterans Health Administration. Psychiatric Quarterly 2018, 90: 11-27. PMID: 30209719, DOI: 10.1007/s11126-018-9604-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsVeterans Affairs Healthcare SystemEvidence-based psychotherapiesClinician experienceVeteran populationVeterans Health AdministrationOutpatient PTSD clinicClinicians' perceptionsPTSD clinicClinical practiceHealth AdministrationTreatment effectivenessHealthcare systemPTSDTreatmentOne-hour focus groupsCliniciansRepresentative quotesPresent studyFocus groupsActive ingredientsChange/improvementClinicPopulationLocus of control in US combat veterans: Unique associations with posttraumatic stress disorder 5-factor model symptom clusters
Smith NB, Sippel LM, Presseau C, Rozek D, Mota N, Gordon C, Horvath M, Harpaz-Rotem I. Locus of control in US combat veterans: Unique associations with posttraumatic stress disorder 5-factor model symptom clusters. Psychiatry Research 2018, 268: 152-156. PMID: 30029062, DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.07.015.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderLocus of controlPTSD symptom clustersOverall PTSD symptomsAvoidance symptomsPTSD symptomsSymptom clustersStress disorderCombat veteransExternal locusCombat exposureCorrelates of PTSDSpecific PTSD symptom clustersTrauma-focused treatmentSelf-report measuresUS combat veteransIntervention effortsUnique associationUS military veteransExtreme scoresPotential correlatesMilitary veteransBivariate correlationsOnly avoidanceSignificant correlatesThe Unique Roles of Emotional Numbing and Arousal Symptoms in Relation to Social Connectedness Among Military Veterans in Residential Treatment for PTSD
Sippel LM, Watkins LE, Pietrzak RH, Hoff R, Harpaz-Rotem I. The Unique Roles of Emotional Numbing and Arousal Symptoms in Relation to Social Connectedness Among Military Veterans in Residential Treatment for PTSD. Psychiatry 2018, 81: 271-282. PMID: 30015602, DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2017.1395313.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPTSD symptom clustersDysphoric arousal symptomsPoor social connectednessArousal symptomsEmotional numbingSocial connectednessResidential treatmentPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomsSymptom clustersEmotional numbing symptomsMilitary veteransAnxious arousal symptomsFive-factor modelU.S. military veteransAnxious arousalDysphoric arousalNumbing symptomsInterpersonal functioningTrauma recoveryDisorder symptomsCase conceptualizationGreater distressMore distressPTSDSupportive peopleClinically Significant Change in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Is Associated With Lower Levels of Aggression After Residential Treatment Discharge
Watkins LE, Sippel LM, Pietrzak RH, Hoff R, Harpaz‐Rotem I. Clinically Significant Change in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Is Associated With Lower Levels of Aggression After Residential Treatment Discharge. Journal Of Traumatic Stress 2018, 31: 265-272. PMID: 29603388, DOI: 10.1002/jts.22275.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPosttraumatic stress disorderPTSD symptomsPTSD changeResidential treatmentPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomsLess aggressionPTSD symptom changePTSD symptom reductionCurrent studyDisorder symptomsStress disorderContextual effectsSymptom reductionSymptom changeAggressionMultilevel modelsPrevious researchTreatment dischargeLow levelsVeterans Health Administration sitesVeteransSignificant changesTreatment sitesFindingsSymptoms
2017
Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism, trauma burden, and posttraumatic stress symptoms in U.S. military veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study
Mota NP, Han S, Harpaz‐Rotem I, Maruff P, Krystal JH, Southwick SM, Gelernter J, Pietrzak RH. Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism, trauma burden, and posttraumatic stress symptoms in U.S. military veterans: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Depression And Anxiety 2017, 35: 168-177. PMID: 29172227, PMCID: PMC5794529, DOI: 10.1002/da.22698.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsΕ4 allele carriersApolipoprotein E gene polymorphismE gene polymorphismTrauma burdenU.S. military veteransAllele carriersPosttraumatic stress disorderPTSD symptomsNational HealthGreater social supportGene polymorphismsGreater severityMilitary veteransVeterans StudyAPOE ε4 carrier statusSocial supportΕ4 carrier statusAPOE genotypeΕ4 noncarriersPosttraumatic stress symptomsIndependent replication sampleSymptomsPTSD riskStress disorderCarrier statusOxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms, attachment, and PTSD: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study
Sippel LM, Han S, Watkins LE, Harpaz-Rotem I, Southwick SM, Krystal JH, Olff M, Sherva R, Farrer LA, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J, Pietrzak RH. Oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms, attachment, and PTSD: Results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study. Journal Of Psychiatric Research 2017, 94: 139-147. PMID: 28715704, PMCID: PMC5605420, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.07.008.Peer-Reviewed Original Research