Treatment‐resistant depression: definition, prevalence, detection, management, and investigational interventions
McIntyre R, Alsuwaidan M, Baune B, Berk M, Demyttenaere K, Goldberg J, Gorwood P, Ho R, Kasper S, Kennedy S, Ly-Uson J, Mansur R, McAllister-Williams R, Murrough J, Nemeroff C, Nierenberg A, Rosenblat J, Sanacora G, Schatzberg A, Shelton R, Stahl S, Trivedi M, Vieta E, Vinberg M, Williams N, Young A, Maj M. Treatment‐resistant depression: definition, prevalence, detection, management, and investigational interventions. World Psychiatry 2023, 22: 394-412. PMID: 37713549, PMCID: PMC10503923, DOI: 10.1002/wps.21120.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchTreatment-resistant depressionTranscranial magnetic stimulationEuropean Medicines AgencyIntravenous ketamineManagement of TRDRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulationOlanzapine-fluoxetine combinationSecond-generation antipsychoticsSignificant symptomatic reliefManual-based psychotherapiesSerious public health implicationsTheta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulationQuality of carePublic health implicationsIntranasal esketaminePartial respondersAdjunctive treatmentElectroconvulsive therapySymptomatic reliefConventional antidepressantsMedication switchingAntidepressant trialsRisk factorsInvestigational interventionMagnetic stimulation