2025
L-type calcium channel blockade attenuates cue-induced cocaine-seeking in female rats
Kimble V, Nunes E, Rajadhyaksha A, Addy N. L-type calcium channel blockade attenuates cue-induced cocaine-seeking in female rats. Behavioural Brain Research 2025, 490: 115613. PMID: 40324598, PMCID: PMC12145892, DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115613.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCue-induced cocaine-seekingCocaine-seekingL-type calcium channelsExposure to drug-associated cuesPeriods of cocaine abstinenceCocaine-associated cuesCue-induced relapseCocaine Self-AdministrationCocaine-dependent individualsCocaine-seeking behaviorDrug-associated cuesDrug-seeking behaviorCocaine-takingCocaine abstinenceSex-specific mechanismsSelf-AdministrationRelapse preventionAbstinence periodAddiction treatmentAdministration of isradipineRisk of relapseAbstinenceL-type calcium channel blockadeRelapse riskFemale ratsL-type calcium channel blockade attenuates the anxiogenic-like effects of cocaine abstinence in female and male rats
Nunes E, Kimble V, Rajadhyaksha A, Addy N. L-type calcium channel blockade attenuates the anxiogenic-like effects of cocaine abstinence in female and male rats. Neuroscience 2025, 568: 314-322. PMID: 39761823, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.01.003.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchThis study found that isradipine reduces anxiety and depression-like symptoms during cocaine withdrawal in rats, suggesting potential treatment for mood disorders in addiction.
2024
Standard-of-Care Medication Withdrawal in Patients With Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Receiving Aficamten in FOREST-HCM
Masri A, Choudhury L, Barriales-Villa R, Elliott P, Maron M, Nassif M, Oreziak A, Owens A, Saberi S, Tower-Rader A, Rader F, Garcia-Pavia P, Olivotto I, Nagueh S, Wang A, Heitner S, Jacoby D, Kupfer S, Malik F, Melloni C, Meng L, Wei J, Sherrid M, Abraham T, Investigators F. Standard-of-Care Medication Withdrawal in Patients With Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Receiving Aficamten in FOREST-HCM. Journal Of The American College Of Cardiology 2024, 84: 1839-1849. PMID: 39477631, DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.09.002.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathyKansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-Clinical Summary ScoreStandard-of-careSOC therapyAdverse eventsDose reductionTherapy withdrawalHypertrophic cardiomyopathyTreatment of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathyPro-B-type natriuretic peptide levelsN-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levelsTreatment-emergent adverse eventsHigh-sensitivity troponin IOutflow tract gradientEmergent adverse eventsNYHA functional classFirst-line therapyNatriuretic peptide levelsOff-target side effectsSummary scoreControlled clinical trialsMeasures of efficacyClinical measures of efficacyStable doseNo withdrawals
2023
Association between use of antihypertensive drugs and the risk of cancer: a population-based cohort study in Shanghai
Wang S, Xie L, Zhuang J, Qian Y, Zhang G, Quan X, Li L, Yu H, Zhang W, Zhao W, Qian B. Association between use of antihypertensive drugs and the risk of cancer: a population-based cohort study in Shanghai. BMC Cancer 2023, 23: 425. PMID: 37165412, PMCID: PMC10173582, DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10849-8.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPopulation-based cohort studyTotal cancerAntihypertensive drugsHypertensive patientsCohort studyAntihypertensive medicinesThyroid cancerHigh riskPossible dose-response relationshipAntihypertensive drug administrationCommon antihypertensive drugsRisk of cancerCommunity healthcare centersDose-response relationshipMajor cancer typesAntihypertensive classesCancer casesMAIN OUTCOMECancer riskHealthcare centersDrug AdministrationPatientsSignificant associationCancerCancer types
2022
L-type calcium channel regulation of dopamine activity in the ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens pathway: Implications for substance use, mood disorders and co-morbidities
Nunes E, Addy N. L-type calcium channel regulation of dopamine activity in the ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens pathway: Implications for substance use, mood disorders and co-morbidities. Neuropharmacology 2022, 224: 109336. PMID: 36414149, PMCID: PMC11215796, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109336.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsCalcium Channel BlockersCalcium Channels, L-TypeDopamineHumansMood DisordersMorbidityNucleus AccumbensSubstance-Related DisordersVentral Tegmental AreaConceptsL-type calcium channelsVentral tegmental areaPre-clinical modelsTegmental areaSubstance useLTCC blockersMood disordersCalcium channelsCo-morbid psychiatric diagnosesDA neuronal activityVoltage-gated calcium channelsMood-related behaviorsSubstance use disordersCalcium channel regulationStress-induced plasticityAccumbens pathwayCardiac medicationsDopamine neuronsLTCC subtypesNeuronal activityNeuronal firingUse disordersPsychiatric diagnosisCalcium entryDopamine activityComparison of Pharmacy Refill Data With Chemical Adherence Testing in Assessing Medication Nonadherence in a Safety Net Hospital Setting
Osula D, Wu B, Schesing K, Das SR, Moss E, Alvarez K, Clark C, Halm EA, Brown NJ, Vongpatanasin W. Comparison of Pharmacy Refill Data With Chemical Adherence Testing in Assessing Medication Nonadherence in a Safety Net Hospital Setting. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2022, 11: e027099. PMID: 36193931, PMCID: PMC9673714, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.027099.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAntihypertensive AgentsCalcium Channel BlockersCross-Sectional StudiesHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsHypertensionMedication AdherencePharmacySafety-net ProvidersSodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsConceptsEnzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockersAngiotensin receptor blockersCalcium channel blockersReceptor blockersPositive predictive valueUncontrolled hypertensionBeta blockersMedication nonadherenceAntihypertensive drugsDrug classesChannel blockersAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor BlockersPredictive valueAdherence testingSafety-net hospital settingSafety-net health systemLow positive predictive valuePharmacy refill dataProportion of daysCross-sectional studyPlasma drug levelsDiagnostic test characteristicsPharmacy fill dataCommon cardiovascular drugsRefill dataPreoperative Management of Cardiovascular Medications: A Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI) Consensus Statement
Sahai SK, Balonov K, Bentov N, Bierle DMM, Browning LM, Cummings KC, Dougan BM, Maxwell M, Merli GJ, Oprea AD, Sweitzer B, Mauck KF, Urman RD. Preoperative Management of Cardiovascular Medications: A Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI) Consensus Statement. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2022, 97: 1734-1751. PMID: 36058586, DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.03.039.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCardiovascular medicationsPerioperative assessmentAntiarrhythmic agentsReceptor antagonistAngiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitorQuality Improvement (SPAQI) Consensus StatementAngiotensin II receptor blockersClass I antiarrhythmic agentsClass III antiarrhythmic agentII receptor blockersClasses of medicationsEndothelin receptor antagonistsPotassium-sparing diureticsCalcium channel blockersΒ-adrenoceptor blockersAdrenergic receptor antagonistPhosphodiesterase-5 inhibitorsEvidence-based recommendationsSodium channel blockersPotassium channel openersSympatholytic medicationsReceptor blockersPerioperative managementHeart failureLoop diureticsAnalysis of Dual Combination Therapies Used in Treatment of Hypertension in a Multinational Cohort
Lu Y, Van Zandt M, Liu Y, Li J, Wang X, Chen Y, Chen Z, Cho J, Dorajoo SR, Feng M, Hsu MH, Hsu JC, Iqbal U, Jonnagaddala J, Li YC, Liaw ST, Lim HS, Ngiam KY, Nguyen PA, Park RW, Pratt N, Reich C, Rhee SY, Sathappan SMK, Shin SJ, Tan HX, You SC, Zhang X, Krumholz HM, Suchard MA, Xu H. Analysis of Dual Combination Therapies Used in Treatment of Hypertension in a Multinational Cohort. JAMA Network Open 2022, 5: e223877. PMID: 35323951, PMCID: PMC8948532, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3877.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsDual combination therapyUse of ACEIAntihypertensive drug classesProportion of patientsKhoo Teck Puat HospitalCombination therapyUniversity Hospital databaseHospital databaseDrug classesDual combinationSouth Western Sydney Local Health DistrictWestern Sydney Local Health DistrictPatients age 65 yearsSydney Local Health DistrictElectronic health record databasePatients age 18Local Health DistrictAge 65 yearsTreatment of hypertensionHealth record databaseARB monotherapyTreatment escalationAdult patientsCohort studyCombination regimen
2021
Excess extracellular K+ causes inner hair cell ribbon synapse degeneration
Zhao H, Zhu Y, Liu L. Excess extracellular K+ causes inner hair cell ribbon synapse degeneration. Communications Biology 2021, 4: 24. PMID: 33398038, PMCID: PMC7782724, DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01532-w.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCochlear synaptopathySynapse degenerationRibbon synapsesNoise exposureNoise-induced cochlear synaptopathyInner hair cell ribbon synapsesIHC ribbon synapsesGlutamate receptor agonistsBK channel blockersHair cell ribbon synapsesReceptor agonistFirst synapseChannel blockersHearing lossIHC ribbonsHearing disordersDegenerationBK channelsPotential targetSynaptopathyAuditory systemSynapsesExposureSwellingExcitotoxicity
2020
Beta blockers versus calcium channel blockers for provocation of vasospastic angina after drug-eluting stent implantation: a multicentre prospective randomised trial
Sawano M, Katsuki T, Kitai T, Tamita K, Obunai K, Ikegami Y, Yamane T, Ueda I, Endo A, Maekawa Y, Kawamura A, Fukuda K, Kohsaka S. Beta blockers versus calcium channel blockers for provocation of vasospastic angina after drug-eluting stent implantation: a multicentre prospective randomised trial. Open Heart 2020, 7: e001406. PMID: 33087441, PMCID: PMC7580072, DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2020-001406.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsAgedAged, 80 and overAngina PectorisCalcium Channel BlockersCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary VasospasmDrug-Eluting StentsFemaleHumansIncidenceJapanMaleMiddle AgedPercutaneous Coronary InterventionProspective StudiesProtective FactorsRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsMajor cardiovascular eventsPercutaneous coronary interventionCalcium channel blockersCoronary artery diseaseStable coronary artery diseaseDrug-eluting stent implantationAcetylcholine provocation testingDiagnostic coronary angiographyBeta blockersCCB groupArtery diseaseCoronary angiographyVasospastic anginaCoronary revascularisationProvocation testingStent implantationChannel blockersSecond-generation drug-eluting stent implantationUniversity Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials RegistryIndex percutaneous coronary interventionNon-fatal myocardial infarctionSingle-vessel lesionsSubsequent coronary eventsCoronary artery spasmClinical Trials RegistryMavacamten for treatment of symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (EXPLORER-HCM): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
Olivotto I, Oreziak A, Barriales-Villa R, Abraham TP, Masri A, Garcia-Pavia P, Saberi S, Lakdawala NK, Wheeler MT, Owens A, Kubanek M, Wojakowski W, Jensen MK, Gimeno-Blanes J, Afshar K, Myers J, Hegde SM, Solomon SD, Sehnert AJ, Zhang D, Li W, Bhattacharya M, Edelberg JM, Waldman CB, Lester SJ, Wang A, Ho CY, Jacoby D, investigators E, Bartunek J, Bondue A, Van Craenenbroeck E, Kubanek M, Zemanek D, Jensen M, Mogensen J, Thune J, Charron P, Hagege A, Lairez O, Trochu J, Axthelm C, Duengen H, Frey N, Mitrovic V, Preusch M, Schulz-Menger J, Seidler T, Arad M, Halabi M, Katz A, Monakier D, Paz O, Viskin S, Zwas D, Olivotto I, Rocca H, Michels M, Dudek D, Oko-Sarnowska Z, Oreziak A, Wojakowski W, Cardim N, Pereira H, Barriales-Villa R, Pavia P, Blanes J, Urbano R, Diaz L, Elliott P, Yousef Z, Abraham T, Afshar K, Alvarez P, Bach R, Becker R, Choudhury L, Fermin D, Jacoby D, Jefferies J, Kramer C, Lakdawala N, Lester S, Marian A, Masri A, Maurer M, Nagueh S, Owens A, Owens D, Rader F, Saberi S, Sherrid M, Shirani J, Symanski J, Turer A, Wang A, Wever-Pinzon O, Wheeler M, Wong T, Yamani M. Mavacamten for treatment of symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (EXPLORER-HCM): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. The Lancet 2020, 396: 759-769. PMID: 32871100, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31792-x.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsObstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathyKansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire clinical summary scoreSymptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathyHypertrophic cardiomyopathyLVOT gradientNYHA classPrimary endpointDynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstructionNew York Heart Association class IILeft ventricular outflow tract obstructionTreatment-emergent adverse eventsVentricular outflow tract obstructionAvailable pharmacological optionsKey pathophysiological abnormalityNYHA class reductionNYHA functional classOutflow tract obstructionPlacebo-controlled trialPhase 3 trialML/Disease-specific treatmentPeak oxygen consumptionGreater increaseLVOT obstructionPlacebo groupDiltiazem-associated Photodistributed Hyperpigmentation.
Siegel J, Ko C. Diltiazem-associated Photodistributed Hyperpigmentation. The Yale Journal Of Biology And Medicine 2020, 93: 45-47. PMID: 32226335, PMCID: PMC7087047.Peer-Reviewed Original Research
2019
Comprehensive comparative effectiveness and safety of first-line antihypertensive drug classes: a systematic, multinational, large-scale analysis
Suchard MA, Schuemie MJ, Krumholz HM, You SC, Chen R, Pratt N, Reich CG, Duke J, Madigan D, Hripcsak G, Ryan PB. Comprehensive comparative effectiveness and safety of first-line antihypertensive drug classes: a systematic, multinational, large-scale analysis. The Lancet 2019, 394: 1816-1826. PMID: 31668726, PMCID: PMC6924620, DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32317-7.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdolescentAdultAgedAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAntihypertensive AgentsCalcium Channel BlockersChildCohort StudiesComparative Effectiveness ResearchDatabases, FactualDiureticsEvidence-Based MedicineFemaleHeart FailureHumansHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionStrokeYoung AdultConceptsNon-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockersCalcium channel blockersThiazide-like diureticsChannel blockersEnzyme inhibitorsDrug classesHazard ratioCurrent guidelinesFirst-line antihypertensive drug classesComparative effectivenessFirst-line drug classesNew-user cohort designDihydropyridine calcium channel blockerElectronic health record databaseFirst-line classesAngiotensin receptor blockersAntihypertensive drug classesAcute myocardial infarctionHealth record databaseReal-world evidenceMedical Research CouncilMillions of patientsAustralian National HealthOptimal monotherapyReceptor blockersThe Oxford study of Calcium channel Antagonism, Cognition, Mood instability and Sleep (OxCaMS): study protocol for a randomised controlled, experimental medicine study
Atkinson L, Colbourne L, Smith A, Harmer C, Nobre A, Rendell J, Jones H, Hinds C, Mould A, Tunbridge E, Cipriani A, Geddes J, Saunders K, Harrison P. The Oxford study of Calcium channel Antagonism, Cognition, Mood instability and Sleep (OxCaMS): study protocol for a randomised controlled, experimental medicine study. Trials 2019, 20: 120. PMID: 30755265, PMCID: PMC6373140, DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3175-0.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsMood instabilityExperimental medicine studiesPsychiatric disordersPlacebo-controlled experimental medicine studyL-type calcium channelsAetiology of psychiatric disordersCalcium channel antagonismBipolar disorderHealthy young adultsMoodCognitionCalcium channel geneVoltage-gated calcium channel geneYoung adultsDouble-blindMedicine studiesDisordersAntagonist nicardipineCalcium channelsSleepCACNA1CChannel genesTreat hypertensionOxford studyTherapeutic potential
2018
2018 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline on the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Bradycardia and Cardiac Conduction Delay: Executive Summary
Kusumoto FM, Schoenfeld MH, Barrett C, Edgerton JR, Ellenbogen KA, Gold MR, Goldschlager NF, Hamilton RM, Joglar JA, Kim RJ, Lee R, Marine JE, McLeod CJ, Oken KR, Patton KK, Pellegrini CN, Selzman KA, Thompson A, Varosy PD. 2018 ACC/AHA/HRS Guideline on the Evaluation and Management of Patients With Bradycardia and Cardiac Conduction Delay: Executive Summary. Circulation 2018, 140: e333-e381. PMID: 30586771, DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000627.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchDiltiazem Promotes Regenerative Axon Growth
Huebner EA, Budel S, Jiang Z, Omura T, Ho TS, Barrett L, Merkel JS, Pereira LM, Andrews NA, Wang X, Singh B, Kapur K, Costigan M, Strittmatter SM, Woolf CJ. Diltiazem Promotes Regenerative Axon Growth. Molecular Neurobiology 2018, 56: 3948-3957. PMID: 30232777, PMCID: PMC6424671, DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1349-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsL-type calcium channel blockerDorsal root gangliaCentral nervous systemChondroitin sulfate proteoglycanAxon regenerationMouse dorsal root gangliaAdult central nervous systemHuman sensory neuronsCalcium channel blockersSpinal cord injuryRat cortical culturesCord injuryAxonal regrowthRoot gangliaCortical culturesChannel blockersRegenerative propensityRegenerative axon growthSensory neuronsNervous systemPharmacological enhancersAxon growthPermanent lossSulfate proteoglycanAxotomyCharacteristics and treatment of African-American and European-American patients with resistant hypertension identified using the electronic health record in an academic health centre: a case−control study
Shuey MM, Gandelman JS, Chung CP, Nian H, Yu C, Denny JC, Brown NJ. Characteristics and treatment of African-American and European-American patients with resistant hypertension identified using the electronic health record in an academic health centre: a case−control study. BMJ Open 2018, 8: e021640. PMID: 29950471, PMCID: PMC6020960, DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021640.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdrenergic beta-AntagonistsAdultAgedAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAntihypertensive AgentsBlack or African AmericanBlood PressureCalcium Channel BlockersCase-Control StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Electronic Health RecordsFemaleHumansHypertensionLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisPrevalenceTennesseeWhite PeopleConceptsElectronic health recordsResistant hypertensionBlood pressureChronic kidney disease stage 3Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist useClinical treatmentDihydropyridine calcium channel blockerAntihypertensive medication classesControlled blood pressureOutpatient blood pressureTotal hypertensive populationAngiotensin receptor blockersTransient ischemic attackDisease stage 3Health recordsMineralocorticoid receptor antagonistsReceptor antagonist useHigh blood pressureIschemic heart diseaseAlpha-2 agonistsBody mass indexCalcium channel blockersAfrican American patientsNumber of patientsType 2 diabetesThe L-type calcium channel blocker, isradipine, attenuates cue-induced cocaine-seeking by enhancing dopaminergic activity in the ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens pathway
Addy NA, Nunes EJ, Hughley SM, Small KM, Baracz SJ, Haight JL, Rajadhyaksha AM. The L-type calcium channel blocker, isradipine, attenuates cue-induced cocaine-seeking by enhancing dopaminergic activity in the ventral tegmental area to nucleus accumbens pathway. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018, 43: 2361-2372. PMID: 29773910, PMCID: PMC6180103, DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0080-2.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAnimalsCalcium Channel BlockersCalcium Channels, L-TypeCocaineCuesDopamineDrug-Seeking BehaviorIsradipineMaleNucleus AccumbensRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyVentral Tegmental AreaConceptsL-type calcium channelsCocaine relapseLever depressionVentral tegmental areaCocaine self-administration trainingOriginal training contextLight cue presentationSelf-administration trainingSubjective effectsCocaine-seeking behaviorTegmental areaBehavioral effectsCocaine's subjective effectsL-type calcium channel blockerCue presentationMale Sprague-Dawley ratsTraining contextCocaine cuesNucleus accumbens coreNatural rewardsDA receptor activationCalcium channel blockersSprague-Dawley ratsPhasic dopaminePotential therapeutic targetMulticenter Phase IB Trial of Carboxyamidotriazole Orotate and Temozolomide for Recurrent and Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma and Other Anaplastic Gliomas.
Omuro A, Beal K, McNeill K, Young RJ, Thomas A, Lin X, Terziev R, Kaley TJ, DeAngelis LM, Daras M, Gavrilovic IT, Mellinghoff I, Diamond EL, McKeown A, Manne M, Caterfino A, Patel K, Bavisotto L, Gorman G, Lamson M, Gutin P, Tabar V, Chakravarty D, Chan TA, Brennan CW, Garrett-Mayer E, Karmali RA, Pentsova E. Multicenter Phase IB Trial of Carboxyamidotriazole Orotate and Temozolomide for Recurrent and Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma and Other Anaplastic Gliomas. Journal Of Clinical Oncology 2018, 36: 1702-1709. PMID: 29683790, PMCID: PMC5993168, DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.76.9992.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsAnaplastic gliomasCohort 2Cohort 1Median progression-free survivalFavorable brain penetrationMedian overall survivalPhase Ib studyPhase Ib trialPhase II doseProgression-free survivalRecurrent anaplastic gliomasDependent calcium channelsNovel oral inhibitorSignal of activityMismatch repair genesIb trialTreat populationMethylguanine-DNA methyltransferaseOverall survivalComplete responseFlat doseOral inhibitorBrain penetrationResults FortyTherapeutic concentrationsPrior Medications and the Cardiovascular Benefits From Combination Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibition Plus Calcium Channel Blockade Among High‐Risk Hypertensive Patients
Brook RD, Kaciroti N, Bakris G, Dahlöf B, Pitt B, Velazquez E, Weber M, Zappe DH, Hau T, Jamerson KA. Prior Medications and the Cardiovascular Benefits From Combination Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibition Plus Calcium Channel Blockade Among High‐Risk Hypertensive Patients. Journal Of The American Heart Association 2018, 7: e006940. PMID: 29301757, PMCID: PMC5778960, DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006940.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAgedAmlodipineAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAntihypertensive AgentsBenzazepinesBlood PressureCalcium Channel BlockersCause of DeathDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHumansHydrochlorothiazideHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsTime FactorsTreatment OutcomeConceptsHigh-risk hypertensive patientsCardiovascular risk reductionHypertensive patientsAntihypertensive regimenCombination therapyBlood pressure control statusGreater cardiovascular risk reductionRenin-angiotensin system blockadeAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorPrimary composite eventsPrior antihypertensive therapyPrimary composite outcomeCalcium channel blockadeLipid-lowering medicationsPrior medication useCalcium channel blockersRisk reductionACCOMPLISH trialAntihypertensive therapySystem blockadeCardiovascular benefitsCombination regimenComposite outcomeDrug regimensMedication use
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