Small bowel carcinoid (enterochromaffin cell) neoplasia exhibits transforming growth factor–β1‐mediated regulatory abnormalities including up‐regulation of C‐Myc and MTA1
Kidd M, Modlin IM, Pfragner R, Eick GN, Champaneria MC, Chan AK, Camp RL, Mane SM. Small bowel carcinoid (enterochromaffin cell) neoplasia exhibits transforming growth factor–β1‐mediated regulatory abnormalities including up‐regulation of C‐Myc and MTA1. Cancer 2007, 109: 2420-2431. PMID: 17469181, DOI: 10.1002/cncr.22725.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsEffects of TGFbeta1Normal EC cellsC-MycDownstream targetsEC cellsSmad2 phosphorylationE-cadherinCell proliferationEC cell proliferationProtein expressionGrowth regulatory mechanismsCandidate downstream targetsTranscriptional networksC-Myc pathwayC-myc transcriptsGrowth promotionCytostatic programGene responsesEC cell linesRegulatory mechanismsTranscript expressionTranscriptsNuclear translocationTumor cellsMTA1