2025
Factors associated with tuberculosis treatment initiation among bacteriologically negative individuals evaluated for tuberculosis: An individual patient data meta-analysis.
Kim S, Can M, Agizew T, Auld A, Balcells M, Bjerrum S, Dheda K, Dorman S, Esmail A, Fielding K, Garcia-Basteiro A, Hanrahan C, Kebede W, Kohli M, Luetkemeyer A, Mita C, Reeve B, Silva D, Sweeney S, Theron G, Trajman A, Vassall A, Warren J, Yotebieng M, Cohen T, Menzies N. Factors associated with tuberculosis treatment initiation among bacteriologically negative individuals evaluated for tuberculosis: An individual patient data meta-analysis. PLOS Medicine 2025, 22: e1004502. PMID: 39804959, PMCID: PMC11729971, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004502.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsIndividual Patient Data Meta-AnalysisPatient data meta-analysisTreatment initiationData Meta-AnalysisBacteriological test resultsTB treatmentFactors associated with treatment initiationMultiple factors influence decisionsAssociated with treatment initiationTuberculosis treatment initiationMeta-analysisNegative test resultsPositive test resultsFactors influence decisionsHIV infectionPulmonary tuberculosisSmear microscopyNight sweatsClinical examinationMale sexClinical criteriaHierarchical Bayesian logistic regressionCohort studySystematic reviewTreatment decisions
2023
Risk Factors for Perinatal Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus
Prasad M, Saade G, Clifton R, Sandoval G, Hughes B, Reddy U, Bartholomew A, Salazar A, Chien E, Tita A, Thorp J, Metz T, Wapner R, Sabharwal V, Simhan H, Swamy G, Heyborne K, Sibai B, Grobman W, El-Sayed Y, Casey B, Parry S, Rathore M, Diaz-Velasco R, Puga A, Wiznia A, Kovacs A, Garry D, Macones G. Risk Factors for Perinatal Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus. Obstetrics And Gynecology 2023, 142: 449-456. PMID: 37590978, PMCID: PMC10437102, DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000005306.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPerinatal transmissionHCV infectionRisk factorsPrimary outcomeHuman Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units NetworkMaternal-Fetal Medicine Units NetworkHepatitis C virus infectionEunice Kennedy Shriver National InstituteC virus infectionPerinatal transmission rateWeeks of gestationHigh viral loadHepatitis C virusMonths of lifePositive test resultsAntepartum bleedingViremic participantsVaginal bleedingHCV RNAViremic individualsViral loadC virusObservational studyVirus infectionDemonstrable viremia
2022
Recurrent SARS-CoV-2 Serology Testing and Pandemic Anxiety: A Study of Pediatric Healthcare Workers
Li N, Martin SR, Heyming TW, Knudsen-Robbins C, Sanger T, Kain ZN. Recurrent SARS-CoV-2 Serology Testing and Pandemic Anxiety: A Study of Pediatric Healthcare Workers. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health 2022, 19: 9562. PMID: 35954913, PMCID: PMC9368345, DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159562.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPediatric healthcare workersSARS-CoV-2 antibodiesHealthcare workersSerology testingCOVID-19 anxietyPandemic-related anxietySARS-CoV-2 serology testingMeaningful decreaseSARS-CoV-2 testingVisual analog scaleLongitudinal cohort studyLogistic regression analysisPositive test resultsCohort studyAnalog scaleStudy baselineBivariate analysisMeasures analysisSelf-reported anxietyYears of experienceRegression analysisAnxietyAntibodiesPandemic anxietyHelpful strategies“If it weren’t for my traditional healer, I would be dead”: Engaging traditional healers to support people living with HIV in rural Mozambique
Audet CM, Pettapiece-Phillips M, Tian Y, Shepherd BE, Vermund SH, Salato J. “If it weren’t for my traditional healer, I would be dead”: Engaging traditional healers to support people living with HIV in rural Mozambique. PLOS ONE 2022, 17: e0270565. PMID: 35763519, PMCID: PMC9239464, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270565.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsTraditional healersPsychosocial supportCommunity health worker interventionPre-post intervention study designWorker interventionHealth worker interventionMedication possession ratioMedication side effectsIntervention study designPositive test resultsHome-based supportObserved therapyPossession ratioClinical outcomesHIV treatmentPoor adherencePost-intervention participantsHealth facilitiesPatient's desireSide effectsZambézia ProvinceCare servicesStudy designHIVTherapyAssessment of Clinical Effectiveness of BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine in US Adolescents
Oliveira CR, Niccolai LM, Sheikha H, Elmansy L, Kalinich CC, Grubaugh ND, Shapiro ED, Billig K, Breban M, Brito A, Earnest R, Fauver J, Koch T, Ott I, Petrone M, Vogels C, Pham K, Tikhonova I, Castaldi C, Mane S, Bilguvar K, De Kumar B, Ferguson D, Kerantzas N, Landry M, Peaper D, Schulz W. Assessment of Clinical Effectiveness of BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine in US Adolescents. JAMA Network Open 2022, 5: e220935. PMID: 35238933, PMCID: PMC8895259, DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0935.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 infectionCase-control studyVaccine effectivenessBNT162b2 vaccineSARS-CoV-2Medical recordsAsymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infectionBNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccineRetrospective case-control studyRT-PCR test resultsSARS-CoV-2 testUS adolescentsReverse transcription polymerase chain reaction testConditional logistic regression modelsTranscription polymerase chain reaction testDoses of vaccineControl participantsClinical trial populationsRelevant clinical dataCase participantsCOVID-19 vaccinePositive test resultsChain reaction testCounty of residenceNegative test resultsOdds of Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2 Following Receipt of 3 vs 2 Doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine
Patalon T, Gazit S, Pitzer VE, Prunas O, Warren JL, Weinberger DM. Odds of Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2 Following Receipt of 3 vs 2 Doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine. JAMA Internal Medicine 2022, 182: 179-184. PMID: 34846533, PMCID: PMC8634151, DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.7382.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2Maccabi Healthcare ServicesBooster doseBNT162b2 vaccineMRNA vaccinesPositive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testSARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testPreliminary retrospective case–control studyRetrospective case-control studyPositive PCR test resultsBNT162b2 mRNA vaccineVaccine-derived protectionTest-negative designDuration of immunityCase-control studyPolymerase chain reaction testEstimated odds ratioHealthcare servicesCase-control analysisPCR test resultsPositive test resultsChain reaction testCase-control designTesting PositiveOdds ratio
2021
Repeat positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA testing in nursing home residents during the initial 9 months of the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational retrospective analysis
Armstrong JN, Campbell L, Rabatsky-her T, Leung V, Parikh S. Repeat positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA testing in nursing home residents during the initial 9 months of the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational retrospective analysis. The Lancet Regional Health - Americas 2021, 3: 100054. PMID: 34458887, PMCID: PMC8380052, DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2021.100054.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchRepeat positive testNursing home residentsPositive testHome residentsNursing homesSARS-CoV-2 RNA testingInitial positive test resultNegative RT-PCR testSARS-CoV-2 testingInitial positive testObservational retrospective analysisNursing home populationCOVID-19 vaccinationPositive test resultsYounger age groupsSARS-CoV-2 diagnosisSARS-CoV-2RT-PCR testPublic health guidanceInitial positive resultsNursing home casesMultiple comorbiditiesMedian timeProtective immunityRNA testingCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Pregnancy Outcomes in a U.S. Population
Son M, Gallagher K, Lo JY, Lindgren E, Burris HH, Dysart K, Greenspan J, Culhane JF, Handley SC. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Pregnancy Outcomes in a U.S. Population. Obstetrics And Gynecology 2021, 138: 542-551. PMID: 34433180, PMCID: PMC8454282, DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000004547.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 infectionAdverse pregnancy-related outcomesPregnancy-related outcomesCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemicDisease 2019 pandemicPregnancy outcomesGestational ageSARS-CoV-2 testingDiverse U.S. cohortAdverse pregnancy outcomesRetrospective cohort studyPositive test resultsSARS-CoV-2 diagnosisSignificant differencesNegative test resultsHypertensive disordersPlacental abruptionBaseline characteristicsCohort studyPreterm birthPostpartum hemorrhagePregnant womenCesarean birthU.S. cohortPublic insuranceSensitive and Feasible Specimen Collection and Testing Strategies for Diagnosing Tuberculosis in Young Children
Song R, Click ES, McCarthy KD, Heilig CM, Mchembere W, Smith JP, Fajans M, Musau SK, Okeyo E, Okumu A, Orwa J, Gethi D, Odeny L, Lee SH, Perez-Velez CM, Wright CA, Cain KP. Sensitive and Feasible Specimen Collection and Testing Strategies for Diagnosing Tuberculosis in Young Children. JAMA Pediatrics 2021, 175: e206069. PMID: 33616611, PMCID: PMC7900937, DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.6069.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsGastric aspiratesNPA samplesResource-limited settingsCurrent reference standardDiagnostic yieldTuberculosis diagnosisXpert MTB/RIFCross-sectional diagnostic studyReference standardNasopharyngeal aspirate samplesSymptoms of tuberculosisMycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT) cultureMTB/RIFIncremental diagnostic yieldPositive test resultsYoung childrenSpecimen typesInvasive specimenCervical lymphadenopathyMedian ageMycobacterium tuberculosis complexParenchymal abnormalitiesConsecutive seriesOutpatient settingAspirate samplesNoninvasive prenatal testing in women undergoing in vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing
Klimczak AM, Seli E, Scott RT. Noninvasive prenatal testing in women undergoing in vitro fertilization with preimplantation genetic testing. Current Opinion In Obstetrics & Gynecology 2021, 33: 184-187. PMID: 33797422, DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000707.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsPreimplantation genetic testingGenetic testingNoninvasive prenatal testing resultsPositive test resultsPrenatal screening toolPositive predictive valuePrenatal testing resultsPregnant womenEuploid embryosPredictive valueNoninvasive prenatal testingScreening toolWomenRecent evidenceIVFPrenatal testingPGTPregnancyPrevalencePrenatalTestingComparative cost-effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies in the USA: a modelling study
Du Z, Pandey A, Bai Y, Fitzpatrick MC, Chinazzi M, Pastore Y Piontti A, Lachmann M, Vespignani A, Cowling BJ, Galvani AP, Meyers LA. Comparative cost-effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies in the USA: a modelling study. The Lancet Public Health 2021, 6: e184-e191. PMID: 33549196, PMCID: PMC7862022, DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(21)00002-5.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsLow transmission scenarioSARS-CoV-2 testing programSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2SARS-CoV-2 transmissionSymptom-based testingSyndrome coronavirus 2Viral load dynamicsYLL avertedSARS-CoV-2 testing strategyTesting strategiesPositive test resultsCOVID-19 pandemicYears of lifeIsolation periodCoronavirus 2US National InstitutesViral testingPhysical distancing measuresEfficacious vaccineUS CentersAntiviral drugsIsolation durationEffective reproduction number
2020
An unrecognized key population? Traditional treatment practices associated with HIV risk among traditional healers in rural South Africa.
Audet CM, Ngobeni S, Mkansi M, Wafawanaka F, Aliyu MH, Vermund SH, Wagner RG. An unrecognized key population? Traditional treatment practices associated with HIV risk among traditional healers in rural South Africa. AIDS 2020, 34: 2313-2317. PMID: 33048882, PMCID: PMC7674239, DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002710.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSkin incisionPatient's bloodHIV testTraditional healersHIV prevalenceKey populationsRapid HIV testsRisk of acquisitionHigh HIV prevalenceBlood-borne pathogensTraditional treatment practicesSouth African traditional healersPositive test resultsCross-sectional surveyPersonal protective equipmentHIV acquisitionHIV infectionPosttest counselingPretest counselingHIV riskOccupational exposureMAIN OUTCOMERural South AfricaHIVAfrican traditional healersCoronavirus disease 2019 pregnancy outcomes in a racially and ethnically diverse population
Grechukhina O, Greenberg V, Lundsberg LS, Deshmukh U, Cate J, Lipkind HS, Campbell KH, Pettker CM, Kohari KS, Reddy UM. Coronavirus disease 2019 pregnancy outcomes in a racially and ethnically diverse population. American Journal Of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM 2020, 2: 100246. PMID: 33047100, PMCID: PMC7539936, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2020.100246.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultCommunicable Disease ControlComorbidityCOVID-19COVID-19 TestingEthnicityFemaleHealth Status DisparitiesHospitalizationHumansInfant, NewbornNew YorkObstetrics and Gynecology Department, HospitalPregnancyPregnancy Complications, InfectiousPregnancy OutcomePremature BirthRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2ConceptsCoronavirus disease 2019Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirusAcute respiratory syndrome coronavirusSevere diseaseDisease 2019Pregnancy outcomesPositive test resultsClinical coursePostpartum womenRisk factorsHispanic ethnicityHispanic womenSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Coronavirus disease 2019 courseAcute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Severe coronavirus disease 2019Respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2Effect of comorbidityWorse clinical courseC-reactive proteinSyndrome coronavirus 2Hypertensive disordersMedical comorbiditiesObese womenPatterns of COVID-19 testing and mortality by race and ethnicity among United States veterans: A nationwide cohort study
Rentsch CT, Kidwai-Khan F, Tate JP, Park LS, King JT, Skanderson M, Hauser RG, Schultze A, Jarvis CI, Holodniy M, Re V, Akgün KM, Crothers K, Taddei TH, Freiberg MS, Justice AC. Patterns of COVID-19 testing and mortality by race and ethnicity among United States veterans: A nationwide cohort study. PLOS Medicine 2020, 17: e1003379. PMID: 32960880, PMCID: PMC7508372, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003379.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBetacoronavirusBlack or African AmericanClinical Laboratory TechniquesCohort StudiesCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19COVID-19 TestingEthnicityFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMaleMiddle AgedPandemicsPneumonia, ViralRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2United StatesVeteransWhite PeopleYoung AdultConceptsCOVID-19 testingRace/ethnicityCohort studyWhite individualsSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infectionAcute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infectionSyndrome coronavirus 2 infectionSARS-CoV-2 infectionCOVID-19Large integrated healthcare systemCoronavirus 2 infectionNationwide cohort studyRetrospective cohort studyCoronavirus disease 2019Site of careIntegrated healthcare systemNon-Hispanic blacksPositive test resultsNon-Hispanic whitesClinical characteristicsMultivariable adjustmentComorbid conditionsMedication historyEthnic minority communitiesDisease 2019Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater tracks community infection dynamics
Peccia J, Zulli A, Brackney DE, Grubaugh ND, Kaplan EH, Casanovas-Massana A, Ko AI, Malik AA, Wang D, Wang M, Warren JL, Weinberger DM, Arnold W, Omer SB. Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater tracks community infection dynamics. Nature Biotechnology 2020, 38: 1164-1167. PMID: 32948856, PMCID: PMC8325066, DOI: 10.1038/s41587-020-0684-z.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsSARS-CoV-2 positive test resultsSARS-CoV-2 RNAPositive test resultsHospital admissionSpecimen collectionCOVID-19 hospital admissionsLocal hospital admissionsSARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrationsCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreakRNA concentrationDisease 2019 outbreakClinical test resultsInfection surveillanceInfection dynamicsPositive testPopulation-wide levelCommunity infection dynamicsAdmissionNew HavenPatient factors associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 in an admitted emergency department population
Haimovich A, Warner F, Young HP, Ravindra NG, Sehanobish A, Gong G, Wilson FP, van Dijk D, Schulz W, Taylor R. Patient factors associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 in an admitted emergency department population. Journal Of The American College Of Emergency Physicians Open 2020, 1: 569-577. PMID: 32838371, PMCID: PMC7280703, DOI: 10.1002/emp2.12145.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchCOVID-19 positive patientsPatient characteristicsPatient factorsCOVID-19Positive COVID-19 testMultivariable logistic regression modelLow pulse oximetryChronic lung diseaseRetrospective observational studyCOVID-19 test resultsEmergency department patientsPrimary outcome measureEmergency department populationLower leukocyte countsPositive COVID-19 resultHistory of alcoholPositive test resultsSARS-CoV-2 virusSARS-CoV-2COVID-19 testingLogistic regression modelsCOVID-19 testCOVID-19 resultsED cohortNegative patientsGenital tuberculosis screening at an academic fertility center in the United States
Tal R, Lawal T, Granger E, Simoni M, Hui P, Buza N, Pal L. Genital tuberculosis screening at an academic fertility center in the United States. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology 2020, 223: 737.e1-737.e10. PMID: 32497612, DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.045.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchMeSH KeywordsAbortion, HabitualAcademic Medical CentersAdultEndometritisEndometriumFemaleFertility ClinicsGynatresiaHumansIncidenceInfertility, FemaleInterferon-gamma Release TestsLatent TuberculosisMass ScreeningMycobacterium tuberculosisPolymerase Chain ReactionProspective StudiesTuberculosis, Female GenitalUnited StatesYoung AdultConceptsFemale genital tuberculosisQuantiFERON-TB GoldGenital tuberculosisAcademic fertility centerLatent tuberculosisChest X-rayPositive test resultsFertility centerPolymerase chain reactionEndometrial biopsyMycobacterium tuberculosisChain reactionQuantiFERON-TB Gold resultsProspective cohort studyRecurrent pregnancy lossReproductive technology treatmentAcid-fast bacilliMultiple diagnostic modalitiesNegative test resultsGranulomatous endometritisNeonatal complicationsEndometrial samplingNeonatal morbidityCohort studyAsherman's syndromeAge-Related Differences in the Noninvasive Evaluation for Possible Coronary Artery Disease
Lowenstern A, Alexander KP, Hill CL, Alhanti B, Pellikka PA, Nanna MG, Mehta RH, Cooper LS, Bullock-Palmer RP, Hoffmann U, Douglas PS. Age-Related Differences in the Noninvasive Evaluation for Possible Coronary Artery Disease. JAMA Cardiology 2020, 5: 193-201. PMID: 31738382, PMCID: PMC6865842, DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2019.4973.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsCoronary artery diseaseOlder patientsMyocardial infarctionCV deathNoninvasive testsArtery diseaseNoninvasive evaluationElevated coronary artery calcium scoresDeath/myocardial infarctionPositive noninvasive test resultsPossible coronary artery diseaseProspective Multicenter Imaging StudyCoronary artery calcium scoreNonwhite race/ethnicityComparative effectiveness designArtery calcium scoreCoronary artery calciumMinority of patientsCause of morbidityNoninvasive test resultsFunctional test resultsAge-specific approachesBest noninvasive testPositive test resultsOlder age groups
2019
Anal Cancer Screening Attitudes and Practices in Maryland Healthcare Providers: Implications for National Trends
Chen S, Leeds I, Cerullo M, Jones J, Buchwald U, Efron J, Gearhart S, Safar B, Fang S. Anal Cancer Screening Attitudes and Practices in Maryland Healthcare Providers: Implications for National Trends. Journal Of Surgical Oncology 2019, 1-8. DOI: 10.31487/j.jso.2019.03.07.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchAnal cancerCancer screeningExact testHealthcare providersFirst-line screening testAnal cancer incidenceAnal cancer screeningAnal Pap testLate disease presentationOrgan transplant recipientsHigh-risk patient factorsPrimary care physiciansMultidisciplinary team approachLack of patientsNational practice guidelinesFisher's exact testPositive test resultsAcademic medical centerPrimary care groupsAnorectal examTransplant recipientsHPV testPatient factorsScreening recommendationsCare physicians
2018
Novel urinary biomarkers for the detection of bladder cancer: A systematic review
Tan W, Tan W, Tan M, Khetrapal P, Dong L, deWinter P, Feber A, Kelly J. Novel urinary biomarkers for the detection of bladder cancer: A systematic review. Cancer Treatment Reviews 2018, 69: 39-52. PMID: 29902678, DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.05.012.Peer-Reviewed Original ResearchConceptsNegative predictive valuePositive predictive valueUrinary biomarkersBladder cancerReceiver Operating CharacteristicRisk of biasPredictive valueNon-muscle invasive bladder cancer patientsBiomarkers investigated to dateInvasive bladder cancer patientsDetection of bladder cancerDiagnosis of bladder cancerSystematic reviewNovel urinary biomarkersBladder cancer patientsQUADAS-2 toolCase-control studyAssessed risk of biasSpecificity of biomarkersPositive test resultsSystematic searchUrinary cytologySurveillance cystoscopyComprehensive systematic reviewQUADAS-2
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